Em Fields On Brain Tumor Incidence - Chemicals And Cell Phones

[Guest guest]

The website Buergerwelle (English) gives all recent research findings on

microwave technolgy:

 

http://www.buergerwelle.de/

They have a huge archive that gives you links to all studies available.

 

 

On Mon, Mar 24, 2008 at 4:19 PM, <surpriseshan2 wrote:

 

> Em Fields On Brain Tumor Incidence - Chemicals And Cell Phones

> _

> http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2004/10/20/em_fields_on_brain_tumor_inc

> idence_chemicals_and_cell_phones.htm_

> (

>

http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2004/10/20/em_fields_on_brain_tumor_incide\

nce_chemicals_and_cell_phones.htm)

>

>

> ... " In a series of studies, Hardell and colleagues have examined the

> relationship between the side of the head habitually used in operation of

> cellular

> and cordless phones and a possible relationship to the site of brain

> tumors

> ([Hardell et al., 2003]). The risk for _ipsilateral _

> (http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=ipsilateral%20) (same side) use

> significantly increased the

> risk for _astrocytoma _

> (http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=astrocytomas%20) _

> http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=astrocytomas%20_

> (http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=astrocytomas%20) for all types

> of phones, but

> use of the phone on the opposite side of the head was not associated with

> significantly increased risk. Overall, use of FM (analog) phones gave an

> increased

> risk, whereas digital and cordless phones did not increase risks

> significantly. " ...

> This excellent piece of work by _Dr Adey (so typical of this towering

> figure

> in EM and Cell research)_ (http://www.raven1.net/adeycv.htm)

> _http://www.raven1.net/adeycv.htm_ (http://www.raven1.net/adeycv.htm)

> should put to rest

> the debate on the dangers of Cell phones (obviously this applies to all

> the

> wireless stuff that is so much the rage these days as well) . While the

> danger cannot be avoided at least it can be minimized, to some extent, as

> per

> above. Those who insist on using them can further reduce their exposure by

>

> shortening transmissions (cutting out the 'gift of the gab') and listening

> more

> (pun intended)...which besides lessening the exposure should improve their

>

> listen skills (a much maligned attribute of our modern society)..

> This paper is a must read for those interested in non thermal effects EMF

> (Electromagnetic Fields) particularly the collective cell/neuron

> response/behavior/properties to stimuli. It is an eye opener and very

> useful when dealing

> with vested interests who continually ignore non thermal effects to

> promote

> their wares with self serving rhetoric.

> Chris Gupta

> 5. Influence of EM fields on brain tumor incidence in man and in animal

> models (10)

> 5.1. Epidemiological studies

> Environmental EM fields may act jointly with exposure to environmental

> chemicals with known cancer-promoting actions in enhancing occupational

> brain

> tumor risks. Experimental evidence supports cell membranes as a site for

> joint

> actions of many chemical cancer promoters with EM fields ([Adey, 1992b]).

> The

> latter include pesticides, weedicides and electrical solvents. A case

> control

> study by the U.S. National Cancer Institute of brain tumor incidence in

> RF/microwave occupational exposures ([Thomas et al., 1987]) in the states

> of New

> Jersey, Pennsylvania and Louisiana concluded that all excess risk for

> primary

> brain tumors in white males aged over 30 years derived from jobs involving

>

> design, manufacture, installation and repair of electronic equipment (Risk

>

> Ratio=2.3, 95% CI=1.3,4.2). Cases were divided into cohorts with 5, 10, 15

> and

> 20+ years of exposure. Risks of astrocytomas increased to ten-fold for

> those

> employed 20 years or more, when concurrent exposure to electrical and

> electronic solvents was involved. RRs were not increased in men exposed to

>

> RF/microwave fields, but who never worked in electrical or electronics

> jobs; leading the

> authors to emphasize concurrent exposures to soldering fumes, solvents and

> a

> variety of chemicals as possible co-factors with RF/microwave fields in

> tumor promotion.

> In a case-control study of risk factors for gliomas and meningiomas in

> males

> in Los Angeles County, involving 272 men aged 25–69 with primary brain

> tumors and 272 matched neighbor controls ([Preston-Martin et al., 1989]),

> glioma

> (but not meningioma) risk related to prior employment in jobs likely to

> involve high exposure to electric and magnetic fields (P<0.05). The risk

> was

> greatest for astrocytoma (OR for employment in such jobs for >5 years=4.3;

>

> CI=1.2–15.6). As in the study of microwave workers cited above, there was

> evidence of

> concurrent action of chemical factors. More glioma cases had worked in the

>

> rubber industry (discordant pairs 6/1), and more worked in hot processes

> using

> plastics (9/1).

> [savitz and Loomis (1995)] have linked work site magnetic field

> measurements

> to individual work histories in a cohort mortality study (138,905 men) at

> 5

> large American electric power companies over a period of 36 years. Brain

> cancer risk increased by a factor of 1.94 per microtesla-year of magnetic

> field

> exposure in the previous 2–10 years, with a mortality rate ratio of 2.6 in

> the

> highest exposure category.

> In a series of studies, Hardell and colleagues have examined the

> relationship between the side of the head habitually used in operation of

> cellular and

> cordless phones and a possible relationship to the site of brain tumors

> ([Hardell et al., 2003]). The risk for ipsilateral use significantly

> increased the

> risk for astrocytoma for all types of phones, but use of the phone on the

> opposite side of the head was not associated with significantly increased

> risk.

> Overall, use of FM (analog) phones gave an increased risk, whereas digital

>

> and cordless phones did not increase risks significantly.

> 5.2. Animal models of brain tumor promotion

> There are few accepted animal models of spontaneous malignant central

> nervous system (CNS) tumors, although there has been increasing use of the

> Fischer

> 344 rat, with a reported incidence of spontaneous malignant tumors as high

> as

> 11%. Two life term studies using this rat model have compared exposures to

>

> the North American Digital Standard (NADC) digital phone field using 11

> Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) modulation pulsed at 50 packets " /sec,

>

> with comparable exposures to the older type of FM (analog) phone fields

> ([Adey

> et al., 1999]; [Adey et al., 2000]). Rats were exposed in utero to a

> single

> dose of the short-lived neurocarcinogen ethylnitrosourea (ENU), and

> thereafter, exposed intermittently to either TDMA or FM fields for 23

> months.

> In the TDMA study, when compared with rats receiving ENU but unexposed,

> rats

> that died from a primary CNS tumor before termination of the study showed

> a

> significant reduction in tumor incidence (P<0.015). A similar but

> non-significant reduction in spontaneous tumor incidence occurred in rats

> field-exposed

> but not receiving ENU (P<0.08). In the balanced design of this experiment,

>

> consistent non-significant differences in survival rates were noted

> between the

> four rat groups, with higher death rates in a progression:

> sham/field:sham/sham:ENU/field:ENU/sham. By contrast in the FM study, no

> field-related effects

> were observed in number, incidence or types of either spontaneous or

> ENU-induced CNS tumors.

> These observations of an apparent protective effect against ENU-induced

> and

> spontaneous CNS tumors are not isolated. Low dosage of X-rays in fetal

> rats

> at the time of ENU dosage sharply reduce subsequent incidence of induced

> tumors ([Warkany et al., 1976]), through activation of AT

> (alkylguanine-DNA-alkyltransferase) enzymes that participate in DNA repair

> ([stammberger et al.,

> 1990]). Other studies with nonionizing (microwave) fields also suggest

> their

> actions in mechanisms of DNA repair. Modulation of levels of single-strand

> breaks

> in brain cell DNA has been reported following low-level, long-term

> microwave

> exposure in mice ([sarkar et al., 1994]) and in acute experiments in rats

> ([Lai and Singh, 1995]).

> 6. Summary: intrinsic and induced electric fields as threshold

> determinants

> in central nervous tissue; the potential role of cell ensembles

> The intact nervous system might be expected to be more sensitive to

> induced

> electric fields and currents than in vitro preparations, due to a higher

> level of spontaneous activity and a greater number of interacting neurons.

>

> However, these fields induced in the body are almost always much lower

> than those

> capable of stimulating peripheral nerve tissue ([saunders and Jefferys,

> 2002]). Weak electric field effects, below action potential thresholds,

> have been

> demonstrated in in vitro brain slice preparations ([Faber and Korn; 1989];

>

> [Jefferys, 1995]}.Behavioral sensitivities in sharks and rays may be as

> low as

> 0.5 nV/mm for tissue components of electrical fields in the surrounding

> ocean

> ([Kalmijn, 1971]), or 100 times below measurable thresholds of individual

> electroreceptor organs ([Valberg et al., 1997]).

> Research in sensory physiology supports the concept that some threshold

> properties in excitable tissues may reside in highly cooperative

> properties of a

> population elements, rather than in a single detector ([Adey,1998, 2003a,

> 20

> 03b]). Seminal observations in the human auditory system point to a

> receptor

> vibrational displacement of 10-11m, or approximately the diameter of a

> single

> hydrogen atom ([bialek, 1983]; [bialek and Wit, 1984]). It is notable that

>

> suppression of intrinsic thermal noise allows the ear to function as

> though

> close to 0 degree K, suggesting system properties inherent in the

> detection

> sequence. Human olfactory thresholds for musk occur at 10-11 M, with

> odorant

> molecules distributed over 240 mm2 ([Adey, 1959]). Human detection of

> single

> photons of bluegreen light occurs at energies of 2.5 eV ([Hagins, 1979]).

> In

> another context, pathogenic bacteria, long thought to function

> independently,

> exhibit ensemble properties by a system recognizing (12) colony numbers as

> an

> essential step preceding release of toxins. These quorum sensing systems

> may

> control expression of virulence factors in the lungs of patients with

> cystic

> fibrosis ([Erickson et al., 2002]).

> Although far from a consensus on mechanisms mediating these low-level EMF

> sensitivities, appropriate models are based in nonequilibrium

> thermodynamics,

> with nonlinear electrodynamics as an integral feature. Heating models,

> based

> in equilibrium thermodynamics, fail to explain a wide spectrum of observed

>

> nonthermal EMF bioeffects in central nervous tissue. The findings suggest

> a

> biological organization based in physical processes at the atomic level,

> beyond

> the realm of chemical reactions between biomolecules. Much of this

> signaling

> within and between cells may be mediated by free radicals of the oxygen

> and

> nitrogen species. Emergent concepts of tissue thresholds to EMF

> sensitivities

> address ensemble or domain functions of populations of cells,

> cooperatively

> " whispering together " in intercellular communication, and organized

> hierarchically at atomic and molecular levels.

> 7. See Also Search Neuroscion Bibliographic References

> Extracted from:

> _Electromagnetic fields, the modulation of brain tissue functions

> — A possible paradigm shift in biology

> W. Ross Adey_ (

> http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/adey_encneuro_emfs.pdf)

>

>

> __

> posted by Chris Gupta on Wednesday October 20 2004

> updated on Saturday September 24 2005

>

> URL of this article:

> _

> http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2004/10/20/em_fields_on_brain_tumor_inc

> idence_chemicals_and_cell_phones.htm_

> (

>

http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2004/10/20/em_fields_on_brain_tumor_incide\

nce_chemicals_and_cell_phones.htm)

>

>

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> _http://www.raven1.net/adeycv.htm_ (http://www.raven1.net/adeycv.htm)

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>

> these results... [_read more_

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>

>