Anti-cancer effects of xanthones from pericarps of mangosteen

[Guest guest]

Anti-cancer effects of xanthones from pericarps of mangosteen.

Akao Y, Nakagawa Y, Iinuma M, Nozawa Y.

Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, 1-1 Naka-Fudogaoka, Kakamigahara, Gifu 504-0838, Japan; Tel: +81-583-71-4646.

Mangosteen , Garcinia mangostana Linn, is a tree found in South East Asia, and its pericarps have been used as traditional medicine. Phytochemical studies have shown that they contain a variety of secondary metabolites, such as oxygenated and prenylated xanthones . Recent studies revealed that these xanthones exhibited a variety of biological activities containing anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-cancer effects . We previously investigated the anti-proliferative effects of four prenylated xanthones from the pericarps; alpha-mangostin, beta-mangostin, gamma-mangostin, and methoxy-beta-mangostin in various human cancer cells . These xanthones are different in the number of hydroxyl and methoxy groups. Except for methoxy-beta-mangostin, the other three xanthones strongly inhibited cell growth at low concentrations from 5 to 20 muM in human colon cancer DLD-1 cells. Our recent study focused on the mechanism of alpha-mangostin-induced growth inhibition in DLD-1 cells. It was shown that the anti-proliferative effects of the xanthones were associated with cell-cycle arrest by affecting the expression of cyclins, cdc2, and p27; G1 arrest by alpha-mangostin and beta-Mangostin, and S arrest by gamma-mangostin. alpha-Mangostin found to induce apoptosis through the activation of intrinsic pathway following the down-regulation of signaling cascades involving MAP kinases and the serine/threonine kinase Akt. Synergistic effects by the combined treatment of alpha-mangostin and anti-cancer drug 5-FU was to be noted. alpha-Mangostin was found to have a cancer preventive effect in rat carcinogenesis bioassay and the extract from pericarps, which contains mainly alpha-mangostin and gamma-mangostin, exhibited an enhancement of NK cell activity in a mouse model. These findings could provide a relevant basis for the development of xanthones as an agent for cancer prevention and the combination therapy with anti-cancer drugs.

PMID: 19325754 [PubMed - in process]

[Guest guest]

This is all well and good - if you eat the mangosteen fruit - but you are

selling Xango, the fruit juice drink - and once the fruit gets processed and

bottled, does it still have all that goodness? Of course not! All these

studies were done on the FRUIT - not the finished fruit juice. Not only that -

sodium benzoate has been shown to contribute to ADHD - so NEVER give this drink

to kids!

 

Carol

 

, " Charles " <cheydon wrote:

>

> Anti-cancer effects of xanthones from pericarps of mangosteen.

[Guest guest]

Thanks for saying so - exactly Carol! That is the core truth with these

fruits/juices, and the scams. Your old Tropicana OJ has Vitamin C added back in

just for this reason. Antioxidants and other elements don't survive once

processed.

Liz

 

, " bluegreensolutions "

<bluegreensolutions wrote:

>

> This is all well and good - if you eat the mangosteen fruit - but you are

selling Xango, the fruit juice drink - and once the fruit gets processed and

bottled, does it still have all that goodness? Of course not! All these

studies were done on the FRUIT - not the finished fruit juice. Not only that -

sodium benzoate has been shown to contribute to ADHD - so NEVER give this drink

to kids!

>

> Carol

>

> , " Charles " <cheydon@> wrote:

> >

> > Anti-cancer effects of xanthones from pericarps of mangosteen.

>