Fwd: 19 free full article on gastric and acup

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>

>> dear all ,

>

> I have found following free full articles on ap and

> gastric .some of them are excellent .though they

> contradict some points that we regularly use in GIT

> diseases.

>

>

> thank you all for all your guidance's.

> Fadaie

>

>

>

>

> Entrez pubmed ResultsItems 1 - 19 of 19

>

> [input] 1: World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Dec

> 21;12(47):7642-8.Related Articles, LinkOut

>

> Effective regularity in modulation on gastric

> motility

> induced by different acupoint stimulation.

>

> Li YQ, Zhu B, Rong PJ, Ben H, Li YH.

>

> Institute of Acupuncture-moxibustion, China Academy

> of

> Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Nanxiaojie of

> Dongzhimennei, Beijing 100700,

> China.zhubing.

>

> AIM: To investigate whether manual acupuncture at

> representative acupoints in different parts of the

> body can modulate responses of gastric motility in

> rats and regular effects in different acupoint

> stimulation.METHODS: The gastric motor activity of

> rats was recorded by the intrapyloric balloon.The

> changes of gastric motility induced by the

> stimulation

> were compared with the background activity in

> intragastric pressure and/or waves of gastric

> contraction recorded before any

> stimulation.Morphological study was also conducted

> by

> observing the Evans dye extravasation in the skin

> after mustard oil injection into the intragastric

> mucous membrane to certify cutaneous innervations of

> blue dots related to gastric segmental

> innervations.RESULTS: In all six rats that received

> mustard oil injections into intragastric mucosa,

> small

> blue dots appeared in the skin over the whole

> abdomen,

> but mainly in peri-midline upper- and middle-

> abdomen

> and middle-back, a few in thigh and groin.It may

> speculate that cutaneous innervations of blue dots

> have the same distribution as gastric segmental

> innervations.Acu-stimulation in acupoints of

> head-neck, four limbs, upper chest-dorsum and

> lower-dorsum induced markedly augmentation of

> gastric

> motility (acupoints on head-neck such as St-2: n =

> 16,

> 105.19 +/- 1.36 vs 112.25 +/- 2.02 and St-3: n = 14,

> 101.5 +/- 1.75 vs 109.36 +/- 1.8; acupoints on limbs

> such as Sp-6: n = 19, 100.74 +/- 1.54 vs 110.26 +/-

> 3.88; St-32: n = 17, 103.59 +/- 1.64 vs 108.24 +/-

> 2.41; St-36: n = 16, 104.81 +/- 1.72 vs 110.81 +/-

> 2.74 and Li-11: n = 17, 106.47 +/- 2.61 vs 114.77

> +/-

> 3.77, P < 0.05-0.001).Vigorous inhibitory

> regulations

> of gastric motility induced by acu-stimulation

> applied

> in acupoints on whole abdomen and middle-dorsum were

> significantly different as compared with the

> controls

> before acu-stimulation (abdomen acupoints such as

> Cv-12: n = 11, 109.36 +/- 2.09 vs 101 +/- 2.21;

> Cv-6:

> n = 18, 104.39 +/- 1.42 vs 91.83 +/- 3.22 and St-21:

> n

> = 12, 107 +/- 2.97 vs 98.58 +/- 2.81; acupoints on

> middle-dorsum such as Bl-17: n = 19, 100.63 +/- 1.4

> vs

> 92.21 +/- 2.07 and Bl-21: n = 19, 103.84 +/- 1.48 vs

> 97.58 +/- 2.16, P < 0.05-0.001).CONCLUSION: Regular

> regulatory effects of facilitation and inhibition on

> gastric motility appear to be somatotopically

> organized in the acupoints of whole body, and the

> effective regularity of site-special acupoints on

> gastric motility is involved in segmental

> innervations

> between stomach and acupoints.

>

> PMID: 17171793 [PubMed - in process]

>

>

> [input] 2: Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2006

> Sep;26(9):644-6.Related Articles, LinkOut

>

> [Effects of different acupuncture intensities on the

> therapeutic effect and the gastric electric activity

> in the patient of diabetic gastroparesis]

>

> [Article in Chinese]

>

> Zeng HW, Nie B, Ge Y, Wang H, Song XJ.

>

> Acupuncture Section, The Second TCM Hospital of

> Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510095,

> China.zenghw

>

> OBJECTIVE: To observe clinical therapeutic effect of

> different acupuncture intensities on diabetic

> gastroparesis and to search for the best acupuncture

> intensity for treatment of diabetic

> gastroparesis.METHODS: Eighty cases were randomly

> divided into 4 groups, strong, moderate, weak

> acupuncture intensity groups and an oral

> hypoglycemic

> drug group, 20 cases in each group.Two weeks of

> treatment constituted one course.RESULTS: The total

> effective rates were 85.0%, 95.0%, 85.0% in the

> acupuncture groups, respectivelly, with significant

> difference as compared with 65.0% of the control

> group

> (P<0.05).The moderate intensity acupuncture group

> had

> the best clinical therapeutic effect.The principal

> frequency and amplitude of the stomach

> electrogastrogram in the gastric antrum and the

> stomach body significantly improved in the

> acupuncture

> groups, which was better than those in the control

> group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Acupuncture has

> significant

> therapeutic effect on diabetic gastroparesis, and

> there is a dose-effect relation between different

> intensities of acupuncture and curative

> effects,which

> are correlated with the regulation of the gastric

> electric parameters.

>

> Publication Types:

> English Abstract

> Randomized Controlled Trial

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 17036484 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 3: World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Oct

> 14;12(38):6156-60.Related Articles, Compound via

> MeSH,

> Substance via MeSH, LinkOut

>

> Role of vasoactive intestinal peptide and nitric

> oxide

> in the modulation of electroacupucture on gastric

> motility in stressed rats.

>

> Shen GM, Zhou MQ, Xu GS, Xu Y, Yin G.

>

> Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and

> Western Medicine, Anhui TCM College, Hefei 230038,

> Anhui Province, China.shengm_66

>

> AIM: To investigate the effects and mechanisms of

> vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and nitric oxide

> (NO) in the modulation of electroacupucture (EA) on

> gastric motility in restrained-cold stressed

> rats.METHODS: An animal model of gastric motility

> disorder was established by restrained-cold

> stress.Gastric myoelectric activities were recorded

> by

> electrogastroenterography (EGG).VIP and NO

> concentrations in plasma and gastric mucosal and

> bulb

> tissues were detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA).VIP

> expression in the gastric walls was assayed using

> avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) and image

> analysis.RESULTS: In cold restrained stressed rats,

> EGG was disordered and irregular.The frequency and

> amplitude of gastric motility were higher than that

> in

> control group (P < 0.01).VIP and NO contents of

> plasma, gastric mucosal and bulb tissues were

> obviously decreased (P < 0.01).Following EA at

> " Zusanli " (ST36), the frequency and amplitude of

> gastric motility were obviously lowered (P < 0.01),

> while the levels of VIP and NO in plasma, gastric

> mucosal and bulb tissues increased strikingly (P <

> 0.01, P < 0.05) and expression of VIP in antral

> smooth

> muscle was elevated significantly (P < 0.01) in

> comparison with those of model group.CONCLUSION: VIP

> and NO participate in the modulatory effect of EA on

> gastric motility.EA at " Zusanli " acupoint (ST36) can

> improve gastric motility of the stressed rats by

> increasing the levels of VIP and NO.

>

> Publication Types:

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 17036387 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 4: World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Sep

> 28;12(36):5897-901.Related Articles, Compound via

> MeSH, Substance via MeSH, LinkOut

>

> Effect of electroacupuncture at Sibai on the gastric

> myoelectric activities of denervated rats.

>

> Chang XR, Yan J, Zhao YL, Li JS, Liu JH, He JF.

>

> College of Acupuncture and Massage, Hunan University

> of Traditional , Changsha 410007,

> Hunan Province, China.xrchang1956

>

> AIM: To explore the mechanism of the exciting

> effects

> of electro-acupuncture (EA) at Sibai on the gastric

> myoelectric activities.METHODS: A total of 32 rats

> were randomly divided into four groups.Through

> intraperitoneal injection with atropine (the

> anti-cholinergic agent by blockade of muscarinic

> receptors), hexamethonium (automatic nerve

> ganglion-blocking agent) and reserpine

> (anti-adrenergic agent by depleting the adrenergic

> nerve terminal of its norepinephrine store), effects

> of EA at Sibai on the gastric myoelectric activities

> of the denervated rats were observed.RESULTS: After

> intraperitoneal injection of atropine and

> hexamethonium, the average amplitude and ratio of

> period to time in the phase of high activity of

> gastric myoelectric slow wave, and the average

> numbers

> of the peaks of gastric myoelectric fast wave were

> significantly decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.01),

> while after intraperitoneal injection of reserpine,

> the aforementioned three parameters were increased

> (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.01).EA at Sibai point partially

> relieved the inhibitory effect of atropine and

> hexamethonium on the gastric myoelectric activities

> in

> the rats (P<0.05 or P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Cholinergic

> and adrenergic nervous systems and autonomic nerve

> ganglion participate in the peripheral passage of

> the

> controlling effects of EA at Foot Yangming Channel

> on

> gastrointestinal tract.

>

> Publication Types:

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 17007061 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 5: World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Sep

> 14;12(34):5557-61.Related Articles, LinkOut

>

> Enhanced expression of epidermal growth factor

> receptor gene in gastric mucosal cells by the serum

> derived from rats treated with electroacupuncture at

> stomach meridian acupoints.

>

> Yang ZB, Yan J, Zou XP, Yi SX, Chang XR, Lin YP, Li

> XP.

>

> College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hunan

> University of Traditional , Changsha

> 410007, Hunan Province, China.

>

> AIM: To investigate the effect of serum derived from

> rats treated with electroacupuncture at stomach

> meridian acupoints on the expression of epidermal

> growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in gastric

> mucosal

> cells.METHODS: The stress-induced gastric mucosal

> injury in rat model was established by

> water-immersion

> and restrained stress methods.52 rats were randomly

> divided into: normal group (n = 8), model group (n =

> 8), model serum group (n = 12), stomach serum group

> (n

> = 12), and gallbladder serum group (n = 12).The

> gastric mucosal cells were separated by pronase-EDTA

> digestion method and incubated with serum.The EGFR

> gene expression in gastric mucosal cells was

> detected

> by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction

> (RT-PCR) method.RESULTS: Compared with normal group

> (0.6860 +/- 0.0594), the serum derived from rats of

> the stomach group (1.2272 +/- 0.0813, P = 0.00 <

> 0.01)

> and gallbladder group (0.9640 +/- 0.0387, P = 0.00 <

> 0.01) had a tendency to enhance the EGFR gene

> expression in gastric mucosal cells.Such tendency

> existed in the model group (0.7104 +/- 0.0457) but

> with no significant difference (P = 0.495 > 0.05)

> and

> in model serum group (0.8516 +/- 0.0409) with an

> extremely obvious difference (P = 0.001 <

> 0.01).Furthermore, the EGFR gene expression in

> stomach

> serum group was significantly higher than that in

> gallbladder serum group (P = 0.00 <

> 0.01).CONCLUSION:

> The present study shows that serum derived from rats

> treated with electroacupuncture at stomach meridian

> acupoints can distinctly increase the EGFR gene

> expression of gastric mucosal cells.Therefore, there

> is certain meridian specificity in the serum, which

> could provide a proof for the TCM theory " particular

> relation between meridian and internal organ " .

>

> Publication Types:

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 17007000 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 6: World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Mar

> 28;12(12):1962-5.Related Articles, Substance via

> MeSH,

> LinkOut

>

> Effect of electroacupunture on gastric mucosal

> intestinal trefoil factor gene expression of

> stress-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats.

>

> Li XP, Yan J, Yi SX, Chang XR, Lin YP, Yang ZB,

> Huang

> A, Hu R.

>

> Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hunan

> University of Traditional , Changsha

> 410007, Hunan Province, China.

>

> AIM: To investigat e electroacupuncture(EA) at the

> acupoints of Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming

> (SMFY),

> Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Yangming (SMFY) on

> gastric mucosal intestinal trefoil factor (ITF) gene

> expression detection in stress-induced rats with

> gastric mucosal lesion, and to explore the

> regulatory

> mechanism and significance of EA-related gastric

> mucosal protective effect.METHODS: Forty rats were

> randomly divided into 4 groups: Blank group, Model

> group, Model group+EA at acupoints of SMFY group

> ( " SMFY group " ), and Model group+EA at acupoints of

> GMFY group(GMFY group).All rats (except blank group)

> were made model by water immersion and restraint

> stress (WRS).Then the gastric mucosa tissue in each

> rat was taken off after assessment of gastric

> mucosal

> lesion index(GUI), and the expression of ITF mRNA of

> the tissues was detected by reverse

> transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)

> method.RESULTS: Compared with Model group(54.3+/-

> 1.34), the GUI value in SMFY group (31+/- 2.21)

> decreased significantly(P< 0.01), so did that in

> GMFY

> group (39.8+/- 1.62, P< 0.05), meanwhile GUI value

> in

> SMFY group was significantly lower than in GMFY

> group(P< 0.01).Compared with Model group (0.65+/-

> 0.01), EA had a tendency to improve the expression

> of

> gastric mucosal ITFmRNA gene: such tendency existed

> in

> GMFY group (0.66+/- 0.01) but with no significant

> difference(P>0.05), in SMFY group(0.76+/- 0.01) with

> an extremely obvious difference (P< 0.01),

> furthermore

> the expression in SMFY group was significantly

> higher

> than in GMFY group (P< 0.01).CONCLUSION: The gastric

> mucosal protective effect by EA at the acupoints of

> SMFY and GMFY was related to the expression variance

> of ITF, indicating certain meridian specificity

> exists.It could be one proof for the TCM theory

> " Relative particularity between SMFY and stomach " .

>

> Publication Types:

> Comparative Study

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 16610008 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 7: World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Mar

> 21;12(11):1761-5.Related Articles, Substance via

> MeSH,

> LinkOut

>

> Effect of electro-acupuncture at Foot-Yangming

> Meridian on somatostatin and expression of

> somatostatin receptor genes in rabbits with gastric

> ulcer.

>

> Yi SX, Yang RD, Yan J, Chang XR, Ling YP.

>

> Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hunan

> College of Traditional , 113

> Shaoshan

> Zhonglu, Changsha 41007, Hunan Province,

> China.yishouxiang

>

> AIM: To discuss the protective effect of

> electroacupuncture at the Foot-Yangming Meridian on

> gastric mucosal lesion, somatostatin (SS) and the

> expression of SS receptor genes (SSR(1)mRNA ) in

> rabbits with gastric ulcer and to further explore

> the

> relative specificity of meridians and viscera at

> gene

> expression level.METHODS: Forty rabbits were

> randomly

> divided into control group (A), gastric ulcer model

> group (B), Foot-Yangming Meridian group ©,

> Foot-Shaoyang Meridian group (D) and Foot-Taiyang

> Meridian group (E).The gastric ulcer model was

> prepared by infusing alcohol into stomach.Groups C-E

> were treated with electro-acupuncture at points

> along

> the above meridians using meridian stimulating

> instruments for 7 d respectively.By the end of

> treatment, the index of gastric ulcer was

> determined,

> the amount of epidermal growth factor(EGF) and

> somatostatin was measured by radioimmunoassay

> (RIA).SS-R(1)mRNA expression in gastric mucosa was

> determined by RT-PCR.RESULTS: The value of EGF in

> model group was obviously lower (73.6+/-14.8 vs

> 91.3+/-14.9 pg/mL, P<0.01) than that in control

> group.The index of gastric ulcer, content of SS and

> expression of SSR1mRNA in gastric mucosa were

> significantly higher than those in control group

> (24.88+/-6.29 vs 8.50+/-2.98 scores, P<0.01;

> 2978.6+/-587.6 vs 1852.4+/-361.7 mIU/mL, P<0.01;

> 2.56+/-0.25 vs 1.04+/-0.36, P<0.01).The value of EGF

> in Foot-Yangming Meridian group was higher than that

> in model group (92.2+/-6.7 vs 73.6+/-14.8 pg/mL,

> P<0.01).The index of gastric ulcer, content of SS

> and

> expression of SS-R(1)mRNA in gastric mucosa were

> significantly lower than those in control group

> (10.88+/-3.23 vs 24.88+/-6.29 scores, P<0.01;

> 1800.2+/-488 vs 2978.6+/-587.6 mIU/mL, P<0.01;

> 1.07+/-0.08 vs 2.56+/-0.25 mIU/mL, P<0.01).Compared

> to

> the model group, the content of SS and expression of

> SSR1mRNA in gastric mucosa in Foot-Shaoyang Meridian

> group decreased (2441.0+/-488.vs 2978.6+/-587.6

> mIU/mL, P<0.05;1.73+/-0.16 vs 2.56+/-0.25 mIU/mL,

> P<0.01).But the above parameters in Foot-Taiyang

> Meridian group did not improve and were

> significantly

> different from those in Foot-Yangming Meridian group

> (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Electro-acupuncture at

> Foot-Yangming Meridian can protect gastric mucosa

> against injury.The mechanism may be related to the

> regulation of brain-gut peptides and the expression

> of

> SSR(1)mRNA.

>

> Publication Types:

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 16586548 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 8: World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Nov

> 7;11(41):6472-6.Related Articles, Compound via MeSH,

> Substance via MeSH, LinkOut

>

> Effect of acupuncture at different meridian

> acupoints

> on changes of related factors for rabbit gastric

> mucosal injury.

>

> Yan J, Yang RD, He JF, Yi SX, Chang XR, Lin YP.

>

> Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hunan

> College of Traditional , Changsha

> 410007, Hunan Province, China.yj5381159

>

> AIM: To explore the regularity of multi-meridians

> controlling a same viscus (MMCSV).METHODS: The

> rabbit

> gastric ulcer model was established by ethanol

> intragastric instillation.Fifty-six rabbits were

> randomly divided into normal group, model group

> (MG),

> model plus acupuncture at Foot Yangming Meridian

> group

> (YMG), model plus acupuncture at Foot Taiyin

> Meridian

> group (TYG), model plus acupuncture at Foot Shaoyang

> Meridian group (SYG), model plus acupuncture at Foot

> Jueyin Meridian group (JYG), model plus acupuncture

> at

> Foot Taiyang Meridian group (TYMG), with eight

> rabbits

> in each group.Gastric mucosal nitric oxide (NO) and

> nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were assayed by the

> nitric

> acid reductase method, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)

> and

> epidermal growth factor (EGF) were measured by

> radioimmunoassay.The comprehensive effects were

> analyzed by weighing method.RESULTS: Compared to MG,

> SYG, JYG and TYMG, the rabbits gastric mucosal

> injury

> index (GMII) reduced very significantly in YMG

> (P<0.01).Compared to MG, the GMII also reduced

> significantly in TYG (P<0.05).NO, NOS, PGE2 and EGF

> increased very significantly in YMG (P<0.01).The EGF

> in YMG also increased significantly than that in TYG

> compared to those in MG, SYG, JYG and TYMG

> (P<0.05).The PGE2 and EGF also increased very

> significantly in TYG than those in MG, JYG and TYMG

> (P<0.01).While compared to SYG, the NOS increased

> significantly in TYG (P<0.05).NOS was the highest in

> YMG (P<0.01), and was higher in TYG than in MG

> (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: MMCSV is common.The Foot

> Yangming

> Meridian is most closely related to the stomach,

> followed by Foot Taiyin Meridian, Foot Shaoyang

> Meridian and Foot Jueyin Meridian.Foot Taiyang

> Meridian has no correlation with the stomach.

>

> Publication Types:

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 16425418 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 9: Turk J Gastroenterol. 2004

> Dec;15(4):258-62.Related Articles, LinkOut

>

> Acustimulation of the Neiguan point during

> gastroscopy: its effects on nausea and retching.

>

> Tarcin O, Gurbuz AK, Pocan S, Keskin O, Demirturk L.

>

> Department of Gastroenterology, Gumussuyu Military

> Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.ortarcin

>

> BACKGROUND/AIMS: Gastroscopic procedure causes

> nausea

> and retching in many patients.Recently, alternative

> methods have been employed in an effort to reduce

> these symptoms.The Neiguan point (P6) is an

> acupuncture point that has been used for

> approximately

> 3,000 years to overcome gastric symptoms including

> nausea and retching.The aim of this study was to

> investigate the effects of the stimulation of the P6

> acupoint on swallowing, nausea and retching during

> the

> gastroscopic procedure.METHODS: Three hundred and

> twenty-seven patients who visited the

> gastroenterology

> unit for dyspeptic complaints were included in the

> study.A portable transcutaneous electrical nerve

> stimulation device (Reliefband; Maven Lab, Yuba

> City,

> CA) was used for acustimulation.The device was

> attached 15 minutes before the endoscopic procedure

> and no sedation was applied.The device was turned on

> in 78 patients (Group 1).The device was attached but

> not turned on in another 79 patients (Group 2).In

> Group 3, the device was attached to the Sham point

> (n:

> 79).In Group 4 the procedure was performed with no

> attachments (n: 77).Fourteen patients dropped out of

> the study because esophagogastroduodenoscopy could

> not

> be completed due to patient intolerance or to

> obstruction in the upper gastrointestinal

> tract.After

> the procedure, each patient's opinion about the

> severity of nausea and retching was measured on a

> visual analogue scale.Distress in swallowing and the

> impression of the endoscopist during the procedure

> were scored from 1 to 4.Patients were queried

> regarding their willingness to undergo

> re-endoscopy.RESULTS: Groups were compared regarding

> their distress in swallowing the endoscope, nausea

> and

> retching, the impression of the endoscopist during

> the

> procedure and their acceptance of

> re-endoscopy.Groups

> 1, 2, 3 and 4 were compared using the chi-square

> test,

> and no significant difference was observed between

> the

> groups (p>0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Acustimulation of the

> Neiguan (P6) acupoint does not relieve patients of

> the

> nausea observed during gastroscopy, and its

> application does not facilitate the procedure.

>

> Publication Types:

> Clinical Trial

> Randomized Controlled Trial

>

> PMID: 16249982 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 10: World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Sep

> 21;11(35):5517-20.Related Articles, LinkOut

>

> Acupuncture therapy for experimental stomach ulcer

> and

> c-Fos expression in rats.

>

> Wang H, Wang CY, Zhang JS, Sun L, Sun JP, Tian QH,

> Jin

> XL, Yin L.

>

> Neuroinformatics Center, Chinese PLA General

> Hospital,

> Beijing 100853, China.

>

> AIM: To determine the role of acupuncture therapy in

> treating experimental gastric ulcer in rats.METHODS:

> Twenty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were

> randomly divided into four groups (pre-acupuncture

> group; acupuncture group; paradistance-acupuncture

> group; and control group), and pre-acupuncture,

> paradistance-acupuncture, and control groups

> received

> 5 muL acetic acid (200 mL/L HAc) injection after a

> same course of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment (4

> Hz, 0.6 mA, 0.45 ms, 45 min for 4 d).The rats in

> these

> three groups recovered within 4 d.The acupuncture

> group received EA therapy for 4 d, after HAc

> injection.The stomach was dissected to compare the

> pathological structures of ulcer.Also c-Fos

> activation

> in the nuclei of solitary tract (NTS) was observed

> under microscope after regular immunohistochemistry

> staining of brain stem sections.RESULTS: The number

> of

> ulcers was different among the four groups,

> especially

> between control group and paradistance-acupuncture

> group or pre-acupuncture group.In the latter group,

> the number of ulcers was much less.The gastric ulcer

> area was consistent with the histopathological

> results, indicating that pre-acupuncture had an

> obvious therapeutic effect on gastric

> ulcers.Acupuncture had a very modest effect and

> paradistance-acupuncture had no effect on gastric

> ulcers.No therapeutic effect was found in the

> control

> group.Fos-Li neurons in NTS induced by noxious

> gastric

> ulcer showed a significant difference between

> pre-acupuncture and control groups.CONCLUSION:

> Acupuncture before ulceration can obviously

> alleviate

> ulcer.The production of c-Fos proves that the vagus

> nerve mediates the induction of c-Fos in nuclei of

> solitary tract following experimental ulceration,

> suggesting that parasympathetic afferents promote

> the

> process of noxious visceral stimulation.

>

> Publication Types:

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 16222746 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 11: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver

> Physiol.

> 2005 Aug;289(2):G197-201. Epub 2005 Apr 14.Related

> Articles, Compound via MeSH, Substance via MeSH,

> Cited

> in PMC, LinkOut

>

> Inhibition of transient lower esophageal sphincter

> relaxations by electrical acupoint stimulation.

>

> Zou D, Chen WH, Iwakiri K, Rigda R, Tippett M,

> Holloway RH.

>

> Dept.of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and General

> Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace,

> Adelaide, SA 5000,

> Australia.RHOLLOWA

>

> Acupuncture has been shown to modulate visceral

> sensation and function.Traditionally, stimulation at

> the Neiguan (pericardial meridian) has been used to

> treat upper gastrointestinal symptoms.Some of the

> effects of acupuncture may be mediated through

> release

> of endogenous opioids and are reversed by

> naloxone.Gastric distension is the major trigger for

> transient lower esophageal sphincter (LES)

> relaxations

> (TLESRs).The aim of this study was to investigate

> the

> effect of electric stimulation at the Neiguan and

> naloxone on the TLESRs.In 14 healthy volunteers,

> electrical acupoint stimulation was applied at the

> Neiguan and a sham point on the hip in randomized

> order on the same day.In 12 healthy volunteers, the

> effects of naloxone (80 microg/kg iv bolus

> injection)

> and saline on electrical acupoint stimulation were

> compared on separate days at least 1 wk

> apart.Esophageal motility was measured during

> distension of the proximal stomach with 500 ml of

> air

> using a barostat balloon.Electric acupoint

> stimulation

> at the Neiguan decreased the rate of TLESRs by

> approximately 40% from a median of 6/h to 3.5/h (P <

> 0.02).Acupoint stimulation had no effect on basal

> LES

> pressure, the residual LES pressure during TLESRs,

> the

> duration of TLESRs, or gastrointestinal symptoms of

> fullness, bloating, discomfort, or nausea.The effect

> of acupoint stimulation was not inhibited by

> naloxone.Electric acupoint stimulation at the

> Neiguan

> significantly inhibits the frequency of TLESRs in

> response to gastric distention in healthy

> subjects.This effect does not appear to be mediated

> through mu-opioid receptors.

>

> Publication Types:

> Clinical Trial

> Randomized Controlled Trial

>

> PMID: 15831714 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 12: Dig Dis Sci. 2005

> Feb;50(2):366-74.Related Articles, Compound via

> MeSH,

> Substance via MeSH, LinkOut

>

> Effect of moxibustion at acupoints Ren-12

> (Zhongwan),

> St-25 (Tianshu), and St-36 (Zuzanli) in the

> prevention

> of gastric lesions induced by indomethacin in Wistar

> rats.

>

> Freire AO, Sugai GC, Blanco MM, Tabosa A, Yamamura

> Y,

> Mello LE.

>

> Division of and Acupuncture,

> Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology,

> Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo/SP,

> Brazil.

>

> This study was aimed at assessing the physical

> characteristics underlying the action of moxibustion

> at acupoints Ren-12 (Zhongwan), St-25 (Tianshu), and

> St-36 (Zuzanli) in preventing acute injuries of the

> gastric mucous membrane induced by indomethacin in

> Wistar rats.Induction of gastric lesions, by means

> of

> intragastric administration of indomethacin (100

> mg/kg), in adult male Wistar rats was followed by

> treatment with moxibustion using Artemisia vulgaris

> dried leaves at 60 or 45 degrees C, heating with

> Artemisia vulgaris charcoal at 50 degrees C, heating

> with a regular tobacco cigar at 50 degrees C, and

> heating with a regular water pad at 50 degrees C,

> The

> effects of the different heating protocols over the

> gastric lesions were then compared.In addition,

> another group of animals was pretreated with

> capsaicin

> (100 mg/kg, s.c.), in order to lesion C fibers and,

> 15

> days later, subjected to indomethacin administration

> and moxibustion treatment.Moxibustion was

> significantly more efficient at 60 degrees C than at

> 45 degrees C in preventing gastric lesions triggered

> by indomethacin.Moxibustion applied in acupoints

> provided a significant reduction of the lesion area,

> which was two times less than that of animals

> stimulated in a nonacupoint (sham group).Comparing

> the

> therapeutic effects provided by different forms of

> heating over the gastric lesions, the burning of dry

> leaves of Artemisia vulgaris was significantly more

> efficient in preventing gastric lesions than

> moxibustion made with Artemisia charcoal or tobacco

> (cigar) or by heating the animal with a water

> pad.Desensitization of the afferent sensory C fibers

> by capsaicin significantly diminished the ability of

> moxibustion to block the lesions in the gastric

> mucous

> membrane.Moxibustion can efficiently prevent

> indomethacin-induced gastric lesions in rats and

> this

> effect is dependent on the temperature, the material

> used for moxibustion, the use of acupuncture points,

> and the integrity of C fibers.

>

> Publication Types:

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 15745102 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 13: J Appl Physiol. 2005 Jun;98(6):2056-63.

> Epub 2005 Jan 13.Related Articles, Gene, Gene

> (GeneRIF), HomoloGene, Nucleotide (RefSeq),

> Substance

> via MeSH, Protein (RefSeq), Taxonomy via GenBank,

> UniGene, GEO Profiles, LinkOut

>

> Nociceptin in rVLM mediates electroacupuncture

> inhibition of cardiovascular reflex excitatory

> response in rats.

>

> Crisostomo MM, Li P, Tjen-A-Looi SC, Longhurst JC.

>

> Medical Science 1, C240, College of Medicine,

> University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA

> 92697-4075, USA.

>

> Electroacupuncture (EA) at Neiguan-Jianshi acupoints

> through an opioid mechanism inhibits the

> cardiovascular pressor response induced by

> mechanical

> stimulation of the stomach.Because nociceptin also

> may

> regulate cardiovascular activity through its action

> in

> the brain stem, we hypothesized that this

> neuromodulator serves a role in the EA-related

> inhibitory effect.Blood pressure in ventilated male

> Sprague-Dawley rats (400-600 g) anesthetized by

> ketamine and alpha-chloralose was measured during

> balloon inflation of the stomach.Gastric distension

> with 6-8 ml of air induced consistent pressor

> reflexes

> of 26 +/- 1 mmHg that could be repeated every 10 min

> for 100 min.When nociceptin (10 nM) was

> microinjected

> into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (rVLM), the

> pressor response induced by gastric distension was

> inhibited by 68 +/- 6%.Thirty minutes of EA also

> decreased the reflex response by 75 +/- 11%;

> microinjection of saline into the rVLM did not alter

> the inhibitory effect of EA.In contrast,

> microinjection of a nociceptin receptor antagonist

> into the rVLM promptly reversed the EA

> response.Pretreatment with the opioid receptor

> antagonist naloxone did not influence the EA-like

> inhibitory effect of nociceptin on the

> distension-induced pressor reflex (22 +/- 1 to 8 +/-

> 2

> mmHg).Furthermore, a mu-opioid receptor agonist

> microinjected into the rVLM after microinjection of

> a

> nociceptin receptor antagonist during EA promptly

> reversed the nociceptin receptor antagonist-related

> inhibition of the EA effect.Thus, in addition to the

> classical opioid system, nociceptin, through opioid

> receptor-like-1 receptor stimulation in the rVLM,

> participates in the modulatory influence of EA on

> reflex-induced increases in blood pressure.

>

> Publication Types:

> Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

> Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

>

> PMID: 15649868 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 14: J Appl Physiol. 2005 Mar;98(3):872-80.

> Epub 2004 Nov 5.Related Articles, Cited in PMC,

> LinkOut

>

> Afferent mechanisms underlying stimulation

> modality-related modulation of acupuncture-related

> cardiovascular responses.

>

> Zhou W, Fu LW, Tjen-A-Looi SC, Li P, Longhurst JC.

>

> Department of Medicine, College of Medicine,

> University of California, Irvine, CA 92697,

> USA.wzhou2

>

> Despite the use of acupuncture to treat a number of

> heart diseases, little is known about the mechanisms

> that underlie its actions.Therefore, we examined the

> influence of acupuncture on sympathoexcitatory

> cardiovascular responses to gastric distension in

> anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats.Thirty minutes of

> low-current, low-frequency, (0.3-0.5 mA, 2 Hz)

> electroacupuncture (EA), at P 5-6, S 36-37, and H

> 6-7

> overlying the median, deep peroneal, and ulnar

> nerves

> significantly decreased reflex pressor responses by

> 40, 39, and 44%, respectively.In contrast, sham

> acupuncture involving needle insertion without

> stimulation at P 5-6 or 30 min of EA at LI 6-7

> acupoints overlying the superficial radial nerve did

> not attenuate the reflex.Similarly, EA at P 5-6

> using

> 40- or 100-Hz stimulation frequencies did not

> inhibit

> the reflex.Compared with EA at P 5-6, EA at two sets

> of acupoints, including P 5-6 and S 36-37, did not

> lead to larger inhibition of the reflex.Two minutes

> of

> manual acupuncture (MA; 2 Hz) at P 5-6 every 10 min

> for 30 min inhibited the reflex cardiovascular

> pressor

> response by 33%, a value not significantly different

> from 2-Hz EA at P 5-6.Single-unit afferent activity

> was not different between electrical stimulation

> (ES)

> and manual stimulation.However, 2-Hz ES activated

> more

> somatic afferents than 10- or 20-Hz ES.These data

> suggest that, although the location of acupoint

> stimulation and the frequency of stimulation

> determine

> the extent of influence of EA, there is little

> difference between low-frequency EA and MA at P

> 5-6.Furthermore, simultaneous stimulation using two

> acupoints that independently exert strong effects

> did

> not lead to an additive or a facilitative

> interaction.The similarity of the responses to EA

> and

> MA and the lack of cardiovascular response to

> high-frequency EA appear to be largely a function of

> somatic afferent responses.

>

> Publication Types:

> Comparative Study

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 15531558 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 15: Chin Med J (Engl). 2003

> Dec;116(12):1836-9.Related Articles, Compound via

> MeSH, Substance via MeSH, LinkOut

>

> PET imaging of brain function while puncturing the

> acupoint ST36.

>

> Yin L, Jin X, Qiao W, Sun J, Shi X, Tian J, Yin D,

> Yao

> S, Shao M, Zeng H, Shan B, Tang Y, Zhu K.

>

> Neuroinformatics Center, PLA General Hospital,

> Beijing

> 100853, China.yinling1955

>

> OBJECTIVE: To explore the experimental method of

> obtaining position emission tonogiaphy (PET) imaging

> evidence of changes in cerebral function by

> puncturing

> the Stomach 36 (ST36, Zusanli) acupoint.METHODS:

> Data

> on changes of cerebral glycometabolism were obtained

> from six healthy male volunteers with positron

> emission tomography.Visual experimental evidence, as

> well as statistical parametric mapping (SPM), was

> gathered while puncturing the ST36 (Zusanli, right

> leg) acupoint.RESULTS: There was increased

> glycometabolism in the hypothalamus, head of the

> caudate nucleus, temporal lobe, the sinistral

> cerebellum, postcentral gyrus, and brain stem while

> the acupoint ST36 was being punctured.CONCLUSIONS:

> Acupuncture on ST36 can lead to increase in

> glycometabolism in the vegetative nerve centers,

> which

> is correlated with gastric function.Visual

> experimental evidence of ST36 acupuncturing on

> functional gastrointestinal disorder was obtained in

> our study.

>

> Publication Types:

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 14687469 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 16: J Vet Sci. 2000 Dec;1(2):133-8.Related

> Articles, Compound via MeSH, Substance via MeSH,

> LinkOut

>

> Effect of BL-21 (Wei-Yu) acupoint stimulation on

> gastric motility following preanesthetic treatment

> in

> dogs.

>

> Kim HY, Kwon OK, Nam TC.

>

> Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of

> Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University,

> Seoul

> 151-742, Korea.

>

> In acupuncture practice of animals, preanesthetics

> sometimes are needed.The purpose of this study was

> to

> select the ideal chemical restraint at acupuncture

> for

> gastric motility.Nine healthy mixed breed dogs

> weighed

> 10-21 kg and aged 1-3 years old were used in this

> study.Two EMG surface electrodes were placed between

> the seromuscular and the mucosal layer of

> pylorus.Twenty minutes after feeding normal gastric

> motility was recorded for 60 minutes using

> physiograph

> (Narco-Biosystem).Then preanesthetic treated-gastric

> motility was observed for 30 minutes.Preanesthetics

> used were xylazine, diazepam, and

> acepromazine.Acupuncture needles were inserted to

> BL-21 (Wei-Yu) acupoint, and then changes of gastric

> motility were recorded for 60 minutes.The gastric

> motility following xylazine administration (1 mg/kg,

> IV) was markedly decreased.BL-21 (Wei-Yu) acupoints

> stimulation did not alter xylazine-induced

> depression

> of gastric motility.The diazepam (1 mg/kg IV)

> treated-gastric motility was increased mildly 20

> minutes after drug administration.BL-21 (Wei-Yu)

> acupoint stimulation after diazepam administration

> enhanced gastric motility significantly.The gastric

> motility following acepromazine (0.3 mg/kg, IM)

> administration was not changed compared with normal

> gastric motility.Application of traditional

> acupuncture at BL-21 (Wei-Yu) significantly

> increased

> the gastric motility.Based on these results,

> acepromazine and diazepam could be acceptable

> chemical

> restraints for acupuncture therapy of gastric

> motility, but xylazine couldn't be.

>

> PMID: 14614309 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 17: J Vet Sci. 2003 Aug;4(2):125-8.Related

> Articles, LinkOut

>

> Effect of acupuncture in the treatment of young pigs

> with induced Escherichia coli diarrhea.

>

> Park ES, Jo S, Seong JK, Nam TC, Yang IS, Choi MC,

> Yoon YS.

>

> Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of

> Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, San

> 56-1, Shilim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.

>

> The effect of acupuncture in the treatment of young

> pigs with induced enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

> diarrhea was histopathologically evaluated by

> routine

> hematoxylin and eosin stain.Thirty two pigs weighed

> 4-5 kg and aged 21 days old were used in this

> study.The animals with diarrhea were treated with

> traditional acupuncture, or enrofloxacin.In the

> group

> treated with traditional acupuncture, acupoint GV1

> (Jiaochao) was used and in the group treated with

> antibiotics, enrofloxacin was injected

> intramuscularly.Ten pigs were inoculated with

> E.coli,

> but were not treated and served as nontreated

> control

> group.At postinoculation day 6, all pigs of the

> acupuncture and antibiotic treated groups recovered

> from diarrhea.In the ascending and descending colons

> of the nontreated control group, severe infiltration

> of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria was

> observed and in the fundic stomach, destruction of

> the

> fundic gland architecture and necrotic lesions were

> observed, however, in the same sites of the

> acupuncture and antibiotics treated groups, the

> mucosae of the colon and stomach were relatively

> similar to those of the normal group.These results

> indicate that acupuncture treatment is effective in

> controlling induced E.coli diarrhea in pigs at its

> early stage.

>

> Publication Types:

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 14610364 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 18: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver

> Physiol.

> 2002 Feb;282(2):G390-6.Related Articles, LinkOut

>

> Electroacupuncture accelerates gastric emptying in

> association with changes in vagal activity.

>

> Ouyang H, Yin J, Wang Z, Pasricha PJ, Chen JD.

>

> Division of Gastroenterology, University of Texas

> Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston,

> TX 77555-0632, USA.

>

> Gastroparesis is a disorder with a lack of treatment

> options and this study investigated the effect of

> electroacupuncture on gastric emptying and involved

> mechanisms.Dogs implanted with a duodenal cannula

> and

> serosal electrodes were fed with Ensure mixed with

> phenol red, and the gastric effluent was

> collected.Electroacupuncture was performed from 30

> min

> before until 45 min after the meal.Gastric

> myoelectrical activity and electrocardiogram were

> recorded.Gastric emptying was significantly improved

> with electroacupuncture.Vagal activity assessed from

> the spectral analysis of heart rate variability was

> markedly increased with

> electroacupuncture.Electroacupuncture increased the

> regularity of gastric slow waves in both the

> proximal

> and distal stomach.It also increased the number of

> spike bursts in the distal but not proximal

> stomach.Electroacupuncture accelerates gastric

> emptying of liquid in dogs and its potential for

> treating gastroparesis may be explored.The effect

> may

> be attributed to improvement in gastric slow-wave

> rhythmicity and antral contractile (spike) activity

> and may possibly involve the vagal pathway.

>

> Publication Types:

> Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

>

> PMID: 11804862 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> [input] 19: Sheng Li Xue Bao. 1999

> Apr;51(2):206-10.Related Articles, Compound via

> MeSH,

> Substance via MeSH, LinkOut

>

> [The role of NO/ET and the effect of

> electroacupuncture on injuried gastric mucosa in

> rats]

>

> [Article in Chinese]

>

> Sun Y, Xu GS, Liu W P, Xu NG.

>

> Physiology Research Laboratory, Institute of

> Acupuncture and Meridian, AnHui College of

> Traditional

> , Hefei 230038.

>

> The aim of the present work is to observe changes in

> endothelium-derived factors--nitric oxide (NO) and

> endothelin (ET), with special reference to the

> regulative role of electroacupuncture (EA) in

> injured

> gastric mucosa of rat by ethanol.It was found that

> gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF), transmucosal

> potential difference (PD) and the content of NO in

> the

> serum all decreased (P < 0.01), while the content of

> ET in the plasma and the lesion index (LI) of

> gastric

> mucosa increased (P < 0.01).After administration of

> L-Arg and SNP, the content of NO and GMBF increased

> significantly (P < 0.01), whereas the content of ET

> and LI decreased (P < 0.01).These effects were

> enhanced by EA at ZuSanLi (ST-36) points, which,

> however, were inhibited by NO biosynthetic

> inhibitor--L-NNA.The latter effect could be reversed

> by concurrent administration of L-Arg.The above

> results suggest that NO plays a critical part in

> protecting gastric mucosa against injury, which is

> also responsible for the protective effect of EA on

> injury of gastric mucosa.

>

> Publication Types:

> English Abstract

> Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

>

> PMID: 11499017 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

>

>

>

>

>

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