Nutritional Programs for Immune Enhancement

[Guest guest]

© Elson M. Haas M.D.

(Excerpted from Staying Healthy with Nutrition, Celestial Arts)

 

 

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Immune Anatomy

 

Immune System Suppressors

 

Immune System Supporters

 

Immune Enhancement Nutrient Program

 

 

 

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Our immune system is the most dynamic body component in determining

our state of health or disease. It will be the basis, I believe, of

future breakthroughs in medicine. There is a great deal of evidence

from current and past research demonstrating life's effects on human

immune function and our immune system's influences upon our health.

These investigations provide a continuous flood of knowledge about

the sensitive balance and many levels involved in our wellness.

Psychoneuroimmunology, which provides a bridge between psychology

and the nervous and immune systems, now plays an essential role in

medicine.

 

Our immune system constantly interacts with our internal

environment, protects us from our external environment, and provides

the inherent knowledge to sense the difference between friend and

foe. For many reasons, including genetics and individuality, some of

us may be overactive or too underactive in our defenses, and this

can create a great variety of health problems, such as allergies,

infections, and cancer.

 

There are many components to our immune system—organs, bone marrow,

cells, antibodies, chemicals, and the nutrients that help nourish

and generate them. Most of these cells and tissue constituents are

part of what is called in medicine the reticuloendothelial system,

which plays a " defensive role in inflammation and immunity "

(Dorland's Medical Dictionary) and in the formation and destruction

of blood cells. Our immune system protects us from viruses,

bacteria, yeasts and fungi, foreign proteins, and cancer cells. It

provides two kinds of protection: Innate (inborn) nonspecific

immunity and specific learned or acquired immunity. Specific

immunity depends on " humoral " (antibodies and chemicals carried in

the blood) and cellular (white blood cells) responses, which can be

immediate or delayed.

 

The thymus-derived lymphocytes (T lymphocytes or, simply, T cells)

run the cellular defense and the delayed immune reactions. T cells,

specifically T-helper lymphocytes, guide the B cells to produce

antibodies (each cell produces only one specific antibody), a

process that takes a three-to-five or more days induction period,

often the time of infection by new viruses. Reexposure to the same

virus will create a more rapid antibody response. This is our

important immune memory and there are " memory B cells " that

circulate in the blood to respond to subsequent infections. The T-

helper cells stimulate immune activity, especially B cell activity,

whereas the T-suppressor cells slow down certain functions such as

antibody formation, usually after a problem has been handled.

Another important cell which is neither a T or B cell or a phagocyte

is the NK (natural killer) cell. The T lymphocytes also send

messages to (and receive messages from) the macrophages and other

phagocytes to " attack " virus-infected cells and foreign organisms,

either by engulfing or marking them. Other T cells can also be

cytotoxic to virus-infected cells. All of these important T

lymphocytes originate in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus

gland, the " king " of the immune system. B lymphocytes also originate

in the bone marrow and may mature there, in the spleen, lymph nodes,

and elsewhere; they are programmed to become the antibody factories

or the plasma cells, which are formed from B cells and also produce

the specific antibodies.

 

 

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Immune Anatomy

 

Organ Tissues Non-specific* Defenses Antigen-specific+ Defenses

skin skin macrophages

thymus gland mucous membranes T cells

bone marrow mucus secretions T-helper cells

spleen cilia T-suppressor cells

lymph nodes neutrophils natural killer cells

tonsils lysosomes B cells

adenoids iron-binding proteins plasma cells

Peyer's patches other chemical mediators antibodies—IgA, IgE,

(small intestine) stomach acid IgG, IgM, IgD

appendix lysozymes in tears, saliva complement system

liver interferon

 

 

 

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*Not mediated by antigen stimuli.

+Mediated through antigen proteins

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To explain the entire immune anatomy and interrelationships would

take a book or two, but I feel that few other relevant and

explanatory notes are important here. The skin and mucous membranes,

including the cilia (tiny hairs) lining these membranes and the

mucus itself, are all first lines of nonspecific, physical defense

by providing a physical barrier against invasion. The lymphatic

system is really the secondary circulatory system that removes

foreign cells and proteins, which it eventually dumps into the blood

to be broken down and eliminated. The lymphatic system itself has no

pump, and thus relies on muscle activity and exercise for the lymph

to circulate. That is one reason why I believe that physical

stagnation increases the chance of infections, and conversely,

exercise improves resistance. Lymph nodes are storage sites for

cells along the lymphatic system. There are hundreds of these nodes

throughout the body. When infection is present, these nodes can

commonly be felt in the area closest to the infection. Predominant

lymph nodes are in the neck, groin, or axillary regions. The

tonsils, adenoids, the appendix, and Peyer's patches along the small

intestine are other important lymphoid tissues. The thymus, bone

marrow, and spleen are all sites for immune cell maturation. The

liver is also important to immune function, because it helps to

detoxify many substances in the body that could be taxing to the

immune system.

 

The phagocytic white blood cells are important in immune

surveillance first as the frontline defense patrolling the body.

They engulf foreign substances and microorganisms and then can kill

or dissolve them by their chemicals. The neutrophils and macrophages

work through oxidative destruction. The NK cells kill by secreting a

phospholipase enzyme, which dissolves the lipid protection of cells

containing viruses or other germs. The NK cells may also release a

series of chemicals called interleukins, such as interleukin 2

(IL2), which act as mediators in T lymphocyte functions and

proliferation as well as other possible functions. Zinc may help in

the production and function of NK cells as well as T and B cells.

Besides the basic T and B cells, and the helper and suppressor T

cells, and helper-suppressor ratio, special IL2 receptor positive

cells and Ta1 positive cells, which are actively dividing T cells,

can be measured by specialized T cell or immune system blood studies

to reveal the status of current immune functions. Leukotrienes and

prostaglandins (E2 series) are other chemicals that are implicated

in inflammatory and allergic reactions. More of these are produced

when the diet is high in arachidonic acid, found mainly in saturated

animal fats.

 

The complement system releases chemicals in the serum that can lyse,

or break apart, antibody-coated cells and microorganisms. Lysozymes

and enzymes in tears and saliva can also lyse certain

microorganisms. Interferon is an antiviral substance produced by T

lymphocytes and macrophages. Iron-binding protein in phagocytic

cells also plays a role in protecting against certain infections.

 

As with other body systems, immune balance is the key. A number of

important factors in life influence immune health; unfortunately,

there are many more factors that suppress it than enhance it. The

basic aging process usually reduces our immune competence. Allergies

and infections may do this also, though initially these may

stimulate immune activity. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, all

standard Western cancer treatments, as well as some antibiotic

therapy, can weaken immune function, which is not ideal for healing

or prevention of cancer in the future. Stress responses, such as

that caused by business activity or travel, can lower immunity, as

can all varieties of intense emotional and psychological experience.

Low self-esteem, emotional extremes, or loss of a loved one may

reduce lymphocyte and NK cell numbers and function. Many drugs and

chemicals, from steroids (and possibly steroidlike agents, such as

excess vitamin D or progesterone) and other anti-inflammatory agents

to sugar, alcohol, and marijuana, can be immune suppressors. The

external environment can also be detrimental to the normal

functioning of the immune system. Photochemical smog, industrial

chemicals, pesticides, and certain antibiotic residues in meats as

well as a high-fat diet may tax the immune system further. Even

excess intake of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from

vegetable oils may increase free-radical formation and affect

immunity. Nutritionally, low protein intake and vitamin A and zinc

deficiencies are most relevant to immune suppression; a deficiency

of essential fatty acids and other essential nutrients, such as

pyrodoxine, pantothenic acid, and selenium, may also contribute.

 

 

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Immune System Suppressors

 

aging emotional extremes

allergies: depression

pollens loneliness

dust overeating

food high-fat diet

infections: (including excess PUFAs)

viruses sugar

bacteria excess iron

yeasts and fungi malnutrition (especially in

parasites infants and the elderly)

surgery nutrient deficiencies:

radiation vitamins A, C, and E

chemotherapy B vitamins, especially B5,

drugs: folic acid, B6, and B12

cortisone and other steroids zinc and selenium

anti-inflammatories essential fatty acids

adrenalin protein

insulin chemicals in diet and environment:

lack of sleep phenol and formaldehyde

airplane travel hydrocarbons

stress: air/water pollution

social drugs, recreational:

work marijuana, nicotine

financial cocaine, amphetamines

alcohol

 

 

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A major concern is that immune suppression or weakness can

predispose us to infections as well as cancer; these diseases may

generally deplete our energy level and vitality. Overwork, multiple

stresses, and lack of rest, exercise, and sleep tend to deplete our

energies, our strength, and our ability to defend ourselves. This

leaves us more vulnerable to outside influences. I believe that

these imbalances of lifestyle, along with emotional and other

psychological factors, are the basis of immune weakness.

 

Besides immune compromise, problems of hyperimmunity seem also to be

more common nowadays. Allergies are the main example of immune

overactivity; however, the autoimmune diseases appear more prevalent

as well. In these diseases, such as thyroiditis (Hashimoto's),

rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus, our immune system

aberrantly makes antibodies to our own body tissues, which then

leads to inflammation, pain, or malfunction of those organs or

tissues, as the case may be. We have a great deal more to learn

about these autoimmune diseases (and allergies for that matter) in

the coming years.

 

 

 

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Immune System Supporters

 

self-love zinc rotating diet

interpersonal love selenium low-fat, low-sugar diet

positive attitudes iron* wholesome foods

laughter copper dietary protein

affirmations vitamin C chemical-free diet

breathing bioflavonoids chemical-free home and work

relaxing vitamin A filtered, purified water

meditation beta-carotene fasting

exercise, yoga vitamin E essential fatty acids

herbs: pyridoxine adequate digestive function

garlic pantothenic acid digestive enzymes, such as

licorice folic acid bromelain, papain, or

echinacea vitamin B12 trypsin

goldenseal amino acids: thymus glandular**

ginseng arginine allergies, infections, and

dimethylglycine ornithine fever***

coenzyme Q10 carnitine

organo-germanium cysteine and glutathione

staphage lysate possibly lysine and taurine

 

 

 

 

 

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*Excess iron can increase oxidation and weaken immunity.

**Possibly also spleen, thyroid, and adrenal glandulars as long as

these are free of pesticides and viruses that could cause disease.

***May initially stimulate immune activity and then be suppressive.

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On the positive side, a balanced and optimistic attitude, healthy

lifestyle habits in regard to diet, and basic care of the human body

will support the optimal function of not only our immune system but

our entire body. As I have said, there are not many specific agents

that increase immunity. Our immune function is optimum when we

supply our body with the necessary nutrients, take time to relax and

recreate, and do not block and weaken our natural vital energy

circulation through the other factors that are listed as immune

suppressors. Adopt more of these lifestyle-related immune

supporters!

 

For whom is this immune enhancement program best suited? It can be

employed by those people with chronic fatigue, particularly

secondary to viral infections, or by anyone with repeated illnesses

or infections who needs a stronger immune defense system. People

under stress, both physical and psychological, need to strengthen

their immune systems. Really, anyone subject to several of the

factors listed in the " immune suppressors " chart might benefit from

this Immune Enhancement program, which is not really dissimilar from

the programs for Anti-Aging and Cancer Prevention. People who have

cancer or have had cancer will want to make sure they include many

of the recommendations in this program as well.

 

Our immune functions can be evaluated in a variety of ways. If we

are healthy and full of energy and do not get many infectious

diseases, it is not likely that we need any blood tests for our

immune system; it is probably normal. But if we are easily fatigued

or get recurrent colds, flus, or other infections by viruses,

bacteria, yeast, or parasites, our immune system may be out of

balance or deficient in one or more functions.

 

The most common blood test that indicates immunological activity is

a simple, inexpensive complete blood count, or CBC. Particularly

important is the white blood cell count (WBC). The differential

count gives us the percentages of the basic WBCs—

polymorphonucleocytes (PMN-phagocytes), bands (PMN-percursors),

lymphocytes (the immune directors, including T and B lymphocytes

although they are not specifically noted), and the other less common

monocytes (scavengers), eosinophils (allergy cells), and basophils.

 

Through another blood test, the specialized T and B cell study

provides a sensitive index of the immune system. A complete test

provides absolute levels and relative percentages of T cells and B

cells, T-helper (TH) cells, T-suppressor (TS) cells, Natural Killer

(NK) cells and the helper/suppressor (TH:TS) ratio. This TH:TS ratio

is currently the most generally utilized monitor of immune function.

It may be elevated in problems such as infections or allergies, or

decreased in other infections or in acquired immune deficiency

syndrome (AIDS). The TH:TS ratio can be monitored over the course of

certain illnesses to determine the effectiveness of treatment. In

healthy people, it is also thought to be one of the better objective

monitors of more subtle immune status. More finite measurements of

immune status may be available soon, such as the level of

interleukin 2. Other tests that may also be relevant in an

immunological evaluation include antibody (Ig-immunoglobulin)

levels, complement, interferon, routine blood and liver function

tests, and allergy tests for both environmental and food allergens.

 

Reducing any active allergic response through avoidance,

desensitization, and detoxification may help to reduce the

immunosuppressant effects of existing allergies. More generally,

avoiding chemicals and other factors from the immune suppressor list

may also minimize any immune function weaknesses. Further measures

for immune support include the ideas presented in other programs,

Executives and Travel or Anti-Stress. Intense, as well as chronic,

unrelenting stress and emotions are real concerns in weakening

immunity. Preventive care in lifestyle, diet, and supplements is

ultimately most important.

 

The immune-supporting diet plan includes the common sense

suggestions discussed in Chapter 13, Your Ideal Diet, as well as

suggestions from the programs for Allergies, Anti-Stress, and Cancer

Prevention. A low-chemical, low-sugar, and low-fat diet is

mandatory! A rotating diet, without regular use of milk or its

products, eggs, wheat, corn, sugar, and yeast or other specific

foods to which one may be allergic, is suggested.

 

Wholesome foods free of chemicals and pesticides are the best. Care

must be taken to prevent food exposure to microorganisms, including

parasites, as they may have a deleterious influence on our immune

health. Low chemical intake is important. This means avoiding both

chemicals in foods and chemical consumptive habits, such as alcohol,

caffeine, cocaine, marijuana, and nicotine—as is always the case for

optimal health. A water purification system which removes chemicals

is also a good investment for our health (See Chapter 1).

 

Care must be taken to obtain sufficient dietary proteins and L-

amino acids that help form the immune tissues and antibodies. For

proper protein production, adequate amounts of pyridoxine,

pantothenic acid, folic acid, magnesium, and zinc are very

important. The essential fatty acids are also required for cell and

tissue health. On the other hand, excess protein and saturated fats

are " clogging " to the vascular and lymphatic systems and may

suppress immunity. Fasting and detoxification diets can strengthen

immune functions and reduce immune overload and reactions, as can be

seen in allergies and infections or autoimmune problems such as

rheumatoid arthritis. The reduced intake of allergenic substances

and the cleansing of potentially allergenic materials from the body

can reduce many symptoms and allow the T lymphocytes to restore

balance and reduce their hyperreactivity.

 

With regard to specific supplements, it is most important to prevent

deficiencies of many vital nutrients, such as vitamins A and C and

zinc, by following the previous suggestions and eating foods high in

these nutrients. Additional supplements, if not excessive, are

insurance, possibly in the face of poor digestion and assimilation,

to provide adequate nutrients to the cells and tissues.

 

Useful supplements for immune enhancement begin with a basic

multiple that includes the essential vitamins and minerals plus the

important antioxidant nutrients. If the multiple does not provide

adequate amounts of the antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E,

beta-carotene, zinc, and selenium, then an antioxidant formula or

additional specific nutrients are needed to reach the optimum

levels. Of course, this program is designed for those with some

immune suppression or those who want to enhance a sluggish immune

system. The positive side of those many important nutrients whose

deficiency leads to weakened functions is that adequate levels

support or stimulate those actions.

 

Vitamin C is probably the most important of the antioxidant

nutrients. A higher level of intake than usual, about 4–10 grams if

tolerated, can help in antibody response and in some white blood

cell functions. Vitamin C has also been shown to increase production

of interferon, a substance with antiviral and, possibly, anticancer

effects. Vitamin C levels have been found to be commonly decreased

in the presence of such situations as surgery, stress, and

progressive disease, as well as colds and other infections,

especially those of viral origin. In these situations, it is needed

in increased amounts. The vitamin C-complex nutrients, such as rutin

and other bioflavonoids, may also have mild antioxidant, synergistic

effects. Bioflavonoids appear to act with vitamin C to potentiate

its anti-inflammatory properties and improve cellular defense

against various microbes. Quercetin, a type of bioflavonoid, has

also recently been found to function as an immune supporter and

antihistamine.

 

 

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Nutrient

Deficiency* Immunologic Problems Related to Deficiency

 

Vitamin A Reduced cellular immunity, slow tissue healing, increased

infection rate, lowered

IgA levels (which affect defense at the mucous membranes).

Vitamin C Decreased phagocyte function, reduced cellular protection,

and slow wound

healing.

Vitamin E Decreased antibody production and response; with selenium

deficiency, lowered

cell-membrane integrity.

Vitamin B5 Lowered humoral immunity, increased irritation of

stress.

Vitamin B6 Lessened cellular immunity, slow energy metabolism.

Vitamin B12 Decreased lymphocyte proliferation and PMN bacteriocidal

activity.

Folic acid Reduced blood cell production, perhaps increased cervical

cancer.

Zinc Decreased T and B cell function and thymic hormones; increased

infection rates,

and slow healing.

Iron Decreased cellular immunity and neutrophil activity. (Excess

iron can also impair

bacteriocidal activity.)

Selenium With vitamin E deficiency, antibody response is lowered;

increased cellular

carcinogenosis.

Copper Lowered resistance to infection.

 

 

 

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*Adequate levels of these nutrients will support or enhance these

immunological functions.

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Two nutrient pairs—Vitamin A and zinc, and Vitamin E and selenium—

are also essential. Selenium, as sodium selenite or

selenomethionine, and vitamin E stimulate antibody production and

strengthen cellular immunity. Zinc and vitamin A are also needed for

cellular immunity, increasing T cell activity and the function of

the phagocytic white blood cells. Both are important to tissue

healing. Beta-carotene is useful as a vitamin A precursor, also

aiding in wound healing and protecting against carcinogenesis.

 

Some B vitamins are particularly helpful. Vitamin B6 aids immunity

and antibody formation and is probably the most important of the B

vitamins. Vitamin B12 may help stimulate immune function, more

readily when injected as oral absorption is slow. Pantothenic acid

is helpful in combating stress, and B1, B2, and B3 may provide

subtle immune help by providing a balanced complement of the B

vitamins. This helps the overall antibody production. Folic acid is

also needed for normal cellular function.

 

In addition to zinc and selenium, the most important minerals are

iodine, iron, copper, and magnesium, though basic levels of

manganese, molybdenum and chromium are also important. Iodine is

required in the neutrophil killing of microbial invaders. Iron

improves resistance against infection by increasing cellular

metabolic efficiency and immune activity; it supports the

lymphocytes and neutrophils (phagocytes) and can improve bacterial

killing. Excessive iron intake, however, can also be

immunosuppressive (it increases oxidation), enhance microbial

growth, and reduce phagocytic cellular activity. Copper also

improves resistance to infection and should be increased to balance

out zinc intake. Like iron, too much copper can have deleterious

effects, so careful monitoring is important.

 

Water, fiber, adequate protein, and essential fatty acids (EFAs) are

all crucial to a healthy body and immune system. Water helps to

flush out impurities and, with fiber, helps to clear colon toxins.

EFAs found in nuts, seeds, and vegetable oils, as well as gamma-

linolenic acid (GLA) help increase the anti-inflammatory

prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), while eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) may

slightly reduce immunity. However, EPA also decreases the level of

PGE2 prostaglandins, which can be inflammatory and irritating and

may produce a false or unnecessary immune response that is part of

many illnesses. A mixed-oil formula with a high proportion of EFA

and GLA is probably best used here.

 

The antioxidants and other nutrients help counteract the free-

radical irritants. These unstable, free-radical molecules include

superoxides, peroxides, hydroxyls, singlet oxygens, and

hypochlorites. Vitamins C and E are helpful modulators of free

radicals in general; along with zinc, copper, and manganese, they

help reduce superoxides through superoxide dismutase enzymes.

Selenium supports the production of the enzyme glutathione

peroxidase, which counteracts peroxides, stimulates immune response,

and protects against many toxins. Riboflavin subtly assists at

maintaining electron balance.

 

The sulfur-containing amino acids, L-cysteine and methionine, are

also " free-radical trappers " and part of a general antioxidant

program. Other amino acids that are useful for immune enhancement

include L-arginine and L-carnitine. L-arginine stimulates thymus

activity and the number and activity of the T lymphocytes. L-

carnitine, which can be synthesized from lysine with the help of

vitamin C, also helps enhance immunity possibly by stimulating the

utilization of fats, and thus increasing energy (ATP) production

while preventing oxidation and free-radical formation.

 

For either immune suppression or protection from colds and flus,

vitamins A and C and zinc are recommended. Together these nutrients

activate the thymus gland and increase production of thymosin, one

of the thymus hormones, which in turn improves T cell and natural

killer lymphocyte numbers and activity. Thymosin injections can also

be used to stimulate the cellular immune response. If stress is the

key element that weakens immunity, then additional adrenal or

thyroid glandular support may help. Other possible immune supporters

we may wish to use include organo-germanium (Ge-Oxy 132),

dimethylglycine (DMG), and coenzyme Q10. A formula that includes all

these plus other energy enhancing nutrients is Oxynutrients

formulated by Dr. Stephen Levine of Nutriology in San Leandro,

California.

 

If we are sick with an infection or we feel like we are getting

sick, I suggest increasing the supplemented levels of vitamin A to

25,000–50,000 IUs, vitamin C to 4–8 grams, and zinc to 50–100 mg. I

would also add garlic, which is a natural antibiotic, and

goldenseal, which is thought to improve immunity, to help clear

wastes through liver tonification, and to have antimicrobial

properties. After we are feeling better and ready for recovery, we

can add ginseng root to help rebuild our energies. Licorice root is

another herb that can be used for stress-related immune problems. It

seems to support energy and adrenal balance, and has been shown to

improve interferon production.

 

It is a good idea not to reduce fevers unless they are very high

(over 103¡F). Fevers have a purpose, in both children and adults.

They help in detoxification, immune stimulation, and increasing

metabolism and, in some cases, killing the micro-organism. Intake of

fluids and minerals needs to be increased with fevers to counteract

the body losses.

 

Exercise is also very important to immune function. Regular activity

increases the circulation of nutrients and the cellular immune

components. And remember, muscle activity is necessary to circulate

our lymph fluid. Squeezing our brain with thousands of thoughts does

not make the lymph flow. Circulation of blood, lymph, energy,

thoughts, and feelings is important to the vitality and health of

our body, mind, heart, and spirit, and to our immune system. Don't

worry, be healthy!

 

 

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Immune Enhancement Nutrient Program

 

 

Calories 1,500–2,500 Chromium 200 mcg.

Protein 60–80 g. Copper 3 mg.

Fats 50–75 g. Iodine 150 mcg.

(20–30 percent

of caloric intake) Iron 10–20 mg.

Fiber 10–20 g. Magnesium 300–600 mg.

 

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Manganese 5–10 mg.

Vitamin A 10,000 IUs Molybdenum 300 mcg.

Beta-carotene 15,000–30,000 IUs Selenium,

as selenomethionine 300–400 mcg.

Vitamin D 400 IUs Zinc 45–60 mg.

Vitamin E 600–800 IUs

Vitamin K 150–300 mcg. L-amino acids 1,000 mg.

Riboflavin (B2) 25–50 mg. L-cysteine 250 mg.

Riboflavin-5-phosphate 25–50 mg. L-arginine 500 mg.

Niacinamide (B3) 50 mg. L-carnitine 500 mg.

Niacin (B3) 50 mg. Thymus gland 100 mg.

Pantothenic acid (B5) 500 mg. Essential fatty acids* 3–6 capsules

Pyridoxine (B6) 50 mg. or Flaxseed oil

Pyridoxal-5-phosphate 50 mg. GLA

Cobalamin (B12) 200 mcg. (evening Primrose or 3–6 capsules

Folic acid 800 mcg. Borage seed oil)** or 200–400 mg.

Biotin 500 mcg. EPA (fish oil)*** 2–4 capsules

or 200–400 mg.

Vitamin C 4–10 g. Organo-germanium 100–250 mg.

Bioflavonoids 250–500 mg. Dimethylglycine 50–100 mg.

Coenzyme Q10 30–60 mg.

 

 

 

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*Not necessary if two or more teaspoons of fresh (uncooked) cold-

pressed vegetable oils are consumed daily.

**Use with allergies or inflammatory problems.

***Use if blood fats are relatively high.

 

 

 

 

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