Promising cure to URTI pandemics, including the Avian flu - Part 1

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Promising cure to URTI pandemics, including the Avian flu : has the

final solution to the coming plagues been discovered?

Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients, April, 2006 by Eric

Gordon, Kent Holtorf

 

Virotoxicity of Oligodynamic Silver

 

Viruses cause most upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), such as

adenovirus, coronavirus, coxsackievirus, influenza virus,

parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinovirus,

which account for the majority of cases. (1) A broad-spectrum

anti-viral agent that really works is needed to combat over 200

viruses that cause URTIs. (2) Undoubtedly oligodynamic silver fits

this bill.

 

Emerging medical studies confirm the stellar, broad-spectrum virotoxic

efficacy of oligodynamic silver both in vitro and in vivo. This

includes some of the most formidable viral organisms like HIV

(including co-infections) (3-11) and Herpesvirus hominis (HSV).

(12-18) Despite the low yields of oligodynamic silver of the past 100

years common to silver-based drugs, the collective authoritative

medical literature has documented efficacy of silver's virotoxicity

against over 24 viruses. For the viruses relevant to URTIs, the

following are known to succumb to oligodynamic silver:

 

Adenovirus; (19,20)

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Coxsackie virus type B-3 (CB-3); (21)

 

Influenzae (strains not identified); (22-24)

 

Influenza A; (25,26)

 

Influenza B (Haemophilus influenzae); (27)

 

Rhinovirus type 1A; (28) and

 

HSV-(URTI), as referenced above.

 

Bactericidal Properties of Oligodynamic Silver in URTI

 

Oligodynamic silver's antimicrobial efficacy extends well beyond its

virotoxicity. Oligodynamic silver's lethal effects span across all

microbial domains (viral, bacterial, and fungal). The following

URTI-related bacteria are known to be susceptible to oligodynamic silver:

 

Beta hemolytic streptococci, (29-38) which causes tonsillopharyngeal

cellulitis, tonsillopharyngeal abscess (39) (including reduced

nasopharangeal abscesses), (40) otitis media, (41-43) plus sinusitis,

(44-46) and up to ten percent of cases of adult pharyngitis (47) and

the associated condition, and scarlet fever; (48)

 

Bordetella pertussis; (73,74) (causes less than 10% of acute

tracheobronchitis cases); Spring Catarrh (obsolete nomenclature); (83)

and Pneumococci (84)/Pneumonia; (85) And finally, inflammatory

conditions of the eyes, ears, nose, and throat. (77-82)

 

Streptococcus pneumoniae; (49) Corynebacterium diphtheriae; (50-53)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae; (54-60) Herpesvirus hominis (HSV); (61-68)

Klebsiella pneumoniae; (69-71) Haemophilus influenzae; (72)

Mycobacterium (Tuberculosis); (75,76)

 

Case History

 

Perhaps oligodynamic silver's most compelling nature lies in its

ability to successfully eradicate pervasive primary and secondary

co-infections simultaneously. A major, double-blind, controlled trial

concerning advanced AIDS candidiasis and immunity-suppressing moieties

demonstrated complete sero-negative conversion after a single

treatment with oligodynamic silver hydrosol! The studies were

conducted at Lucha Contra el Sida, Comayaguela, Tegucigalpa, Honduras,

Central America.

 

Quoting from the study, " Furthermore, said devices [silver oxide

hydrosol] are capable of killing pathogens and purging the bloodstream

of immune suppressing moieties (ISM) whether or not created by the

AIDS virus (HIV), so as to restore the immune system. " (86) (Brackets

added by authors.)

 

This single treatment delivered a total of 200 mg of silver for a 70

kilogram patient, well within the lowest observed adverse event level

(LOAEL) established by the EPA for injected silver. (87) Unlike

picoscalar oligodynamic silver hydrosol devoid of silver oxide, the

former required activation into an oligodynamic state with persulfate.

Nevertheless, the results were astounding.

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Pharmacology

 

Pharmacokinetics is concerned with how the body affects the

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) of the

silver-based drug:

 

(1) Time course of Absorption: The absorption of picoscalar silver

hydrosol is nearly instantaneous. An average picoscalar particle size

of eight angstroms results in a Particle Diffusion Coefficient

approaching [10.sup.-5] [cm.sup.2]/second, (88) which exponentially

facilitates tissue absorption over previous versions of silver hydrosols.

 

(2) Time course of Distribution: " In rats, silver was unevenly

distributed in organs and tissues following ... intravenous injection

(wherein) the highest concentrations were found, in decreasing order,

in the liver, pancreas, spleen, and plasma (Klaassen 1979a). " (89) It

has been observed that IV silver administration will readily pass the

so-called blood-brain barrier, (90) presumably allowing for interface

and intervention with pathogens or prions associated with

neuropathologies (i.e., ALS, MS, polio, spinal meningitis, viral

encephalitis, and possibly BSE/hCJD--Mad Cow Disease). (91-94)

 

(3) Time course of Metabolism: At the cell level, Argyrophil I

reduction reactions convert oligodynamic silver ions into colloidal

grains of neutral silver now bound to the same tissue section. (95)

This reaction is reversible. In 1979, Gallyas demonstrated that

transformation of inactive silver back into bioactive silver takes

place as the tissue itself becomes oxidized. (96) White blood cells

(WBCs) are dedicated to such oxidizing mechanisms, and since WBCs are

known to hoard silver particles out of the blood stream, (97,98) it is

likely immunity is greatly enhanced with oligodynamic silver.

 

(4) Time course of Excretion: No matter how silver is administered,

the predominant route of elimination is the feces. (99,100) Depending

upon the type of silver-based drug used, the mammal studied, and the

route of administration, the biologic half-life of silver is reported

to range from days to months. (101,102) This provides an ample

therapeutic window to recharge spent silver in vivo by way of

[H.sub.2][O.sub.2] administration.

 

Body Pharmacodynamics

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Pharmacodynamics relates to the biochemical and physiological effects

of the drug upon the body or pathogen. Those effects include the

following:

 

* WBC Upregulation: Oligodynamic silver appears to modulate and/or

upregulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by WBCs. ROS are

the strategic hand grenades utilized by WBCs to destroy pathogens. It

is now becoming clear that oligodynamic silver promotes the

respiratory burst of WBCs. (103,104)

 

* Lymphocytic Migratory Modulation: The potential of oligodynamic

silver to help support chemotaxis and tissue targeting by lymphocytes

is self-evident because of its propensity to generate

Jarisch-Herxheimer Effects (JHEs). JHEs modulate inflammatory

cytokines which, in turn, can enhance lymphocytic migration. (105-107)

More work needs to be done to confirm this action of silver during JHEs.

 

* Leucocytogenesis/leucocytosis Induction: As early as 1916, it was

noted that oligodynamic/colloidal silver formulations induced

leukocytosis. (108) Bechhold confirmed that preliminary evidence was

documented for oligodynamic silver to increase both RBC and WBC

counts, but only after an initial hemolytic action took place that was

transitory and typically uneventful. (109) One recent pilot study

reported that high (120 cc of 1500 ppm silver equaling 180 mg of

silver) concentrations of mild silver protein (MSP) given at one time

can induce severe pancytopenia. Nevertheless, a total recovery rapidly

ensued. (110,111)

 

* Phagocytic Index: A comprehensive retrospective text provided by

Bechhold in 1919 supported oligodynamic silver's ability to upregulate

the phagocytic index. (112) Today's peer-reviewed literature has

clarified these properties for oligodynamic silver as documented in

the preceding three paragraphs.

 

* Jarisch-Herxheimer Events (JHEs): Rapidly self-resolving, uneventful

hepatomegaly may be seen in beneficial outcomes when extremely large

doses of oligodynamic silver are given at one time (i.e., [greater

than or equal to]50 mg silver). Such beneficial outcomes may undergo

mid-process events that reveal interim transitory and self-resolving

liver enzyme elevation due to fragmentation of pathogen loads from

infected host liver cells (i.e., classical Jarisch-Herxheimer,

autolysis, or apoptotic induction events). (113-115) Likewise,

self-limiting, self-resolving hemolysis, myalgia, rigors, fevers,

malaise, headaches, nausea, and, rarely, a transitory immune system

activation of coagulation (ISAC) may result from events associated

with die-off. (116) To mitigate these events, see Post-JHEs Management

below.

 

Pathogen-Associated Pharmacodynamics Particle Charge

 

Feng has noted, " It is revealed that bulk silver in an oxygen-charged

aqueous media catalyzes the complete destructive oxidation of

microorganisms. Silver and hydrogen peroxide acted synergistically on

the viability of E. coli K-12. It appears that the combined toxic

effect of silver and hydrogen peroxide may be related with damage to

cellular proteins. However, the mechanism of antimicrobial effects of

silver is still not fully understood. The effects of silver ions on

bacteria may be complicated; however, direct observation of the

morphological and structural changes may provide useful information

for understanding the comprehensive antibacterial effects and the

process of inhibition of silver ions. " (117) [italics added by authors.]

 

Further elucidation on the complicated effects of nanoscalar silver

ions on bacteria now extends beyond its known (a) lethal oxidation of

the pathogen. It also involves (b) an " intermolecular electron

transfer, " resulting in an electrocution of the pathogen; (118) © a

binding and chelating to essential pathogen receptor sites, which

defeats the pathogen's mechanisms of invasion into host cells; (119)

(d) an ion non-dependent heightened catalytic action (120) and (e)

cleavage, which fragments essential pathogen/proteinaceous structures.

(121)

 

 

Particle Size

 

The size of each oligodynamic silver particle in colloidal dispersion

creates a cumulative surface area. Such surface area is of utmost

importance. (See Baker et al. below) The antimicrobial actions of

biocatalysts like oligodynamic silver hydrosol are directly

proportional to the adsorption power upon a pathogen. (122) Ostwald

demonstrated there was a geometric progression related to the surface

area of hydrosol silver particles by assuming a starting point of one

cubic centimeter of silver. When silver is incrementally reduced into

smaller and smaller cubes, the net silver particles produced will

eventually approach six square kilometer surface areas: (123,124)

 

Uniform picoscalar oligodynamic silver hydrosol generates an

adsorption power many magnitudes of order greater than any previous

silver hydrosol product. A high nanoscalar silver product produced in

a NASA-funded experiment produced the following observation in regards

to adsorption power: " It had already been noted that at [10.sup.4]

cells [ml.sup.1] and 50 ppb of silver [ions], there are approximately

2.8 x [10.sup.10] silver ions per cell. This is a commentary on the

use of the term 'oligodynamic.' In the most extreme situation

([10.sup.4] cells [ml.sup.-1] with 250 ppb of silver), if one

estimates the dry weight of a bacterial cell at 2.5 x [10.sup.-13] g,

there should actually be more than one silver ion in the system for

every atom in every bacterial cell. " (125) [italics added by authors.]

 

Therapeutic Index and Particle Concentration

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Fundamentally, the Therapeutic Index (TI) range falls specifically

between silver concentration levels that will be toxic to the host

versus non-toxic silver concentration levels that will reliably and

consistently cure infection. The EPA has established one end of the TI

by determining the lowest observed adverse event level (LOAEL) for

both intravenous and oral intake. Comprehensive retrospective analysis

spanning over 56 years by EPA (126) and ATSDR (127) found no other

adverse events associated with silver exposure. For a 70 kilogram

patient, intravenous silver is limited to one (1) gram over any two-to

nine-year period, and for oral intake, to twenty-five (25) grams over

a 70-year period. These values reflect the best gauge to prevent

argyric iatrogenesis.

 

To determine the other end of the TI, the following publications

collectively provide compelling data regarding safe and effective

dosage levels for oligodynamic silver hydrosol when treating a broad

scope of human infections:

 

Zhao et al. provided an excellent retrospective review on the key 13

factors critical to the chief pharmacodynamic in vitro parameters

establishing oligodynamic silver's therapeusis, including the complete

inhibitory concentrations (CIC), the Minimum Bactericidal

Concentration (MBC), as well as the log killing time (LKT). (128)

 

A comprehensive study commissioned by NASA reported that, " Three

experiments were done with E. coli. The first two employed silver

propionate (a silver salt). Cell populations were quite stable at room

temperature in the absence of the added silver. The silver killed the

cells. The process was not precisely exponential, but there was no

indication that killing would not ultimately be complete. The

extinction times ([10.sup.-4] killing) might have ranged from < 2 hrs.

to approximately 4 hrs. at 50 ppb of silver and from < 1 hr to

approximately 2 hrs. at 250 ppb. Silver from the electrolytic ion

generator was used in the third experiment, and the probable

extinction times were approximately 4 hrs. and approximately 2 hrs.

again at 50 and 250 ppb, respectively. " (129)

 

Berger has shown that the minimal lethal dose (MLD) for both

gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens with oligodynamic [Ag.sup.+]

is ten to 100 times greater than silver sulfadiazine (also a silver

salt). (130)

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More recently, an in vitro study by Baker et al. found that,

" Nanometer-sized silver particles were found to exhibit antibacterial

effects at low concentrations. The antibacterial properties were

related to the total surface area of the nanoparticles. Smaller

particles with a larger surface to volume ratio provided a more

efficient means for antibacterial activity. The nanoparticles were

found to be completely cytotoxic to E. coli for surface concentrations

as low as 8 microg of Ag/cm2. " (131)

 

These in vitro studies follow closely to the authoritative medical

literature for in vivo applications. The key to in vivo dosing is

saturating the foci (whether local or systemic) with approximately 1

ppm to approximately 10 ppm oligodynamic silver for acute infectious

processes, and up to 27 ppm for chronic infectious with heavy pathogen

loads.

 

For example, in acute local and systemic infectious processes, the

older, authoritative medical literature reported on two popular silver

hydrosol products used to treat humans, namely Collosol Argentum and

Electrargol. Collosol Argentum, also known as Colsargen, was a 500 ppm

concentration of silver in water, equivalent to 500 mcg/cc. For local

infections, it was diluted to a 167 ppm concentration. " For injections

in systemic infections the recommended dose is 30 drops (2 cc). " (132)

Therefore, the typical IV dosage for systemic infections totaled 1 mg

of silver as silver hydrosol.