Laws And treaties violated by President George W. Bush, Vice-President

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" Zepp " <zepp

Mon, 17 Apr 2006 07:58:13 -0700

[Zepps_News] Treaties Putsch/Cheney have violated

 

 

 

 

WEST POINT GRADUATES AGAINST THE WAR

 

 

 

Laws And treaties violated by President George W. Bush, Vice-President

Richard Cheney, public officials under their authority, and members of

the U.S. military under their command

 

 

 

http://www.westpointgradsagainstthewar.org/laws_and_treat%C4%B1es_violated_by_pr\

..htm

 

 

The U. S. Constitution, Art. VI, para. 2_,* makes treaties adopted by

the U.S. part of the “law of the land.†Thus, a violation of the U. N.

Charter, Hague IV, Geneva Conventions, etc. is also a violation of U.S. federal

law.

 

*_U.S. Federal Law 18 U.S.C. § 2441 (War Crimes Act of 1996)_* makes

committing a war crime, defined as: “…a grave breach in any of the

international conventions signed at Geneva 12 August 1949, or any

protocol to such convention to which the United States is a party…â€

punishable by fine, imprisonment, or death.

 

*And the following treaties and charters which define: wars of

aggression, war crimes, crimes against peace and crimes against

humanity:* /

 

*_Laws and Customs of War on Land (Hague IV)_*

 

*Art. 55*. The occupying State shall be regarded only as

administrator…of public buildings, real estate, forests, and

agricultural estates belonging to the hostile State, and situated in the

occupied country. It must safeguard the capital of these properties, and

administer them in accordance with the rules of usufruct.

 

*_U.N. Gen. Assembly Res. 3314_*

 

Defines the crime of aggression as “... the use of armed force by a

State against the sovereignty, territorial integrity or political

independence of another State…or in any other manner inconsistent with

the Charter of the United Nations…â€

 

*_Nuremberg Tribunal Charter_*

 

Principle VI: “The crimes hereinafter set out are punishable as crimes

under international law:

 

/(a) *Crimes against peace*/*: *Planning, preparation, initiation or

waging of a war of aggression or a war in violation of international

treaties;

 

(/b) *War crimes*:/ …murder, ill-treatment…of civilian population

of or

in occupied territory; murder or ill-treatment of prisoners of

war,…plunder of public or private property, wanton destruction of

cities, towns, or villages…

 

/© *Crimes against humanity*:/ Murder, extermination…and other inhuman

acts done against any civilian population…when such acts are done…in

execution of or in connection with any crime against peace or any war

crime.â€

 

*_Geneva Conventions_*

 

A) *Protocol I, Article 75:* “(1)…persons who are in the power of a

Party to the conflict…shall be treated humanely in all

circumstances…(2)

The following acts are and shall remain prohibited…whether committed by

civilian or by military agents: (a) violence to the life, health, or

physical or mental well-being of persons…(b) outrages upon personal

dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment, enforced

prostitution and any form of indecent assault…and threats to commit any

of the foregoing acts.â€

 

B) *Protocol I, Art. 51*: “The civilian population…shall not be the

object of attack. Acts or threats of violence the primary purpose of

which is to spread terror among the civilian population are prohibited.â€

Art. 57: (parties shall) “do everything feasible to verify that the

objectives to be attacked are neither civilians nor civilian objects…an

attack shall be cancelled or suspended if it becomes apparent that the

objective is not a military one…â€

 

C) *Protocol I, Art. 70*: “The Parties to the conflict…shall allow and

facilitate rapid and unimpeded passage of all relief consignments,

equipment and personnel…even if such assistance is destined for the

civilian population of the adverse Party.â€

 

D) *Protocol I, Art. 35*: “In any armed conflict, the right of the

Parties…to choose methods or means of warfare is not unlimited…It is

prohibited to employ methods or means of warfare which are intended, or

may be expected, to cause widespread, long-term and severe damage to the

environment.â€

 

E) *Convention I, Art. 3*: “Persons taking no active part in the

hostilities, including members of armed forces who have laid down their

arms… shall in all circumstances be treated humanely...To this end, the

following acts (in addition to those listed in Art. 75, above) are and

shall remain prohibited:…the passing of sentences and the carrying out

of executions without previous judgment pronounced by a regularly

constituted court, affording all the judicial guarantees which are

recognized as indispensable by civilized peoples.â€

 

F) *Convention III, Art. 5*: “Should any doubt arise as to whether

persons, having committed a belligerent act and having fallen into the

hands of the enemy (are prisoners of war under this Convention), such

persons shall enjoy the protection of the present Convention until such

time as their status has been determined by a competent tribunal.â€

 

G) *Convention IV, Art. 33*: “No protected person may be punished for an

offence he or she has not personally committed. Collective penalties and

likewise all measures of intimidation or of terrorism are prohibited.â€

 

--

" Now, by the way, any time you hear the United States government

talking about wiretap, it requires -- a wiretap requires a court

order. Nothing has changed, by the way. When we're talking about

chasing down terrorists, we're talking about getting a court order

before we do so "

-George W. Bush, April 20, 2004

 

 

Pay your taxes so the rich don't have to.

 

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