GAVI Gives $20 dollars per child that gets vaccinated to health care centers

[Guest guest]

Sheri Nakken

Saturday, November 12, 2005

GAVI Gives $20 dollars per child that gets vaccinated to

health care centers

 

 

 

 

GAVI Gives $20 dollars per child that gets vaccinated to health care

centers

 

The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) is a

coalition of global leaders in immunization including UN

organizations, national governments, foundations, NGOs, and the

pharmaceutical industry.

 

 

 

GAVI Partners:

The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

WHO

UNICEF

The World Bank Group

Developing Country Governments

Nongovernmental Organization

Industrialized Country Governments

Research Institutes

Vaccine Industry-Industrialized Country

* Wyeth Vaccines

* Chiron Vaccines

* Berna Biotech (representing smaller vaccine producers)

* Glaxo SmithKline

* Merck & Co., Inc.

* Aventis Pasteur

Technical Health Institutes

Vaccine Industry-Developing Country

WHO pre-qualified vaccine manufacturers include:

 

Berna Biotech (gcv)

Bio Farma, Indonesia

Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz, Brazil

Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba

Chiron Behring, India

Institut Pasteur Dakar, Senegal

LG Life Sciences Ltd. , Korea

Panacea Biotec, India

Serum Institute of India

Shantha Biotechnics Private Ltd., India

 

Vaccine manufacturers in the process of attaining pre-qualification

include:

 

Biological E, India

Butantan Institute, Brasil

 

 

Immunization Services Support (ISS): how it works

 

 

http://gavi.elcaservices.com/resources/FS_ISS_Funding__en_Jan05.pdf

 

 

The health centers can use this money to buy cars or whatever they

want.

 

January 2005

Immunization Services Support (ISS) is an innovative kind of

performance-related funding established by the Global Alliance for

Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) to help strengthen

health systems in low-income countries in an effort to increase

immunization coverage. The time-limited funding is available to all

Vaccine Fund-eligible countries (i.e., with Gross National Income

below US$1000 per capita) and DTP3 1 coverage below 80%.

.. . Immunization

Services Support

(ISS): how it works

 

What is unusual about the funding scheme is that GAVI allows countries

themselves to decide how the money should be spent (e.g., for

training, outreach or the purchase of new vehicles or cold chain

equipment) on the basis of country-identified priorities. But after an

initial investment period of three years, the continuation of ISS

funding for a further three

years is dependent on verifiable results showing a year-on-year

increase in immunization coverage. Otherwise the funding stops.

 

To ensure the validity of the immunization coverage data, GAVI

supports an independently organized data quality audit (DQA) to verify

the country's immunization reporting system.

 

The funding mechanism

Investment phase

GAVI's assessment of the level of financial support available to a

country for the initial investment phase is based on:

.. US$20 for each additional child targeted to receive three doses of

DTP vaccine (DTP3) in the year following approval of GAVI support,

compared with the number of DTP3-immunized children in the baseline

year 2 (i.e., the year preceding GAVI approval).

 

The money is paid in three instalments:

.. 25% immediately on approval of GAVI support

.. 25% in the first year after approval, on receipt of a satisfactory

annual

report

.. 50% in the second year after approval, on receipt of a satisfactory

annual report.

1. Coverage with three doses of the combined vaccine against diptheria,

tetanus and pertussis (DTP3) is used by WHO as a proxy indicator for

routine immunization coverage.

2 The initial baseline data are based on the WHO/UNICEF Joint

Reporting Form.

 

Immunization

Services Support

(ISS): how it works

 

Reward phase

After the investment phase, continued support is dependent on a

country's performance in meeting targets. During this second phase,

funding is based on a system of rewards for each additional child

immunized with DTP3 over and above the previous year. This

is calculated on the basis of:

.. In year one of the reward phase, US$20 for each additional child

immunized with DTP3 over and above the original target for the number

of additional children to be immunized with DTP3 in the first year

after GAVI approval.

.. In years two and three of the reward phase, US$20 for each

additional DTP3- immunized child compared with the previous year.

In order to receive the rewards, countries are required to pass an

independent data quality audit (DQA) - ensuring that at least 80% of

the country-reported data on immunization coverage correspond with the

audited data.

 

Progress so far

GAVI has so far disbursed US$73.7 million in ISS support through The

Vaccine Fund to 52 countries (as of December 2004). A recent

evaluation 3 of ISS funding found that of 33 ISS-funded

countries which received early funding, 23 had succeeded in increasing

the number of DTP3-immunized children by 2003, although in six

countries this was accounted for by population growth. The study,

which recommended the continuation of ISS funding, also

declared that the complete flexibility of ISS funding was its most

valuable characteristic - allowing countries to use the funds when and

where they are needed most to strengthen health systems and improve

immunization performance.

 

3 Evaluation of GAVI Immunization Services Support Funding, Abt

Associates Inc, Bethesda, MD, USA, 2004.