Salt raises 'stomach cancer risk'

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Taken from: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3370141.stm

 

People who eat lots of highly salted food double their risk of

stomach cancer, research suggests.

Scientists from Japan's National Cancer Centre Research Institute

caried out an 11-year study of 40,000 middle-aged Japanese.

 

The risk of stomach cancer was one in 500 per year for those men

with the highest salt intake - twice the rate for those who ate the

least salt.

 

The research is published in the British Journal of Cancer.

 

For women, the risk was one in 1,300 per year for those who ate the

highest amount of salt, compared to one in 2,000 for those with a

relatively salt-free diet.

 

Common cause of death

 

Gastric or stomach cancer is the second most frequent cause of

cancer deaths worldwide - with an estimated 776,000 deaths in 1996.

 

Scientists know that high salt intake can induce atrophic gastritis -

a precursor to stomach cancer.

 

Salting, pickling and smoking are traditionally popular ways of

preparing food in Japan. Pickled vegetable and noodles are rich in

sodium and low in vitamin C.

 

As the Japanese diet has become increasingly westernised there has

been a noticeable drop in the rates of stomach cancer but an

increase in the rates of breast and bowel cancers, emphasising the

role of diet in the disease.

 

Lead researcher Dr Shoichiro Tsugane said: " Although there is a

steady decline in its incidence, gastric cancer is still the most

common form of cancer in Japan.

 

" In addition to salt intake our study also shows that smoking and

low consumption of fruit and vegetables increases the risk of

stomach cancer particularly in men. "

 

Dr Tim Key, an epidemiologist for Cancer Research UK, said: " This

study shows strong associations of stomach cancer with the intake of

highly salted Japanese foods including salted fish and pickled

vegetables.

 

" What we don't know is whether it is specifically the salt in these

foods that can cause cancer or a combination of salt and other

chemicals.

 

" In Britain stomach cancer rates are much lower than in Japan and

these types of highly salted foods are not widely consumed.

 

" But limiting salt intake is also important for reducing the risk

for high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease.

 

" The study underlines the importance of limiting salt intake in our

daily diet not only to reduce the risk of stomach cancer but also to

protect against heart disease. "

 

 

Attilio.