Endothelin and Nitric Oxide - Chinese research

[Guest guest]

These are some Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi papers for which I would

love to know details of the herbal formulas used - assuming the full paper

details them.

 

Does anyone in the UK know who might take this publication over here, would

any of the colleges take it and have translated??

 

There are some backgound western snips/abstracts at the bottom for anyone

not familiar with endothelin, nitric oxide etc.

 

Jackie

 

 

1: Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 2000 Aug;20(8):571-3 Related Articles,

Links

 

[Effect of yiqi yangyin huoxue recipe on endothelin and nitric oxide of type

2 diabetic patients with deficiency of both Qi-Yin and blood stasis

syndrome]

 

Wang J, Zhao W, Xia J.

 

Beijing Traditional Hospital, Beijing (100010).

 

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue recipe (YQYYHX) in

treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with deficiency of both

Qi-Yin (DQY) and blood stasis Syndrome. METHODS: Forty-one type 2 DM

patients compared with those in the control group were observed. RESULTS:

After treatment, the endothelin (ET) level of the treated group reduced

significantly, and the total effective rate of blood sugar lowering were as

follows: Fasting blood glucose (FBG) 87.80%, 2 hours postprandial plasma

blood glucose (PBG) 90.24%. CONCLUSION: YQYYHX is effective in improving the

patient's vascular endothelia cell functions by reducing the plasma ET

level, clinical symptoms and blood sugar lowering.

 

http://periodicals.wanfangdata.com.cn/qikan/periodical/zxyjh/zxyj2000/0008/0

008mle.htm

 

 

1: Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 2000 Nov;20(11):828-30 Related

Articles, Links

 

[Clinical study on treatment of atherosclerosis obliterans by integrated

traditional Chinese and Western medicine]

 

Wang C, Lin W, Zhu Y.

 

Vascular Surgery Department, First Teaching Hospital, China Medical

University, Shenyang (110001).

 

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism in treating atherosclerosis

obliterans (ASO) with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine

(TCM-WM). METHODS: The changes in level of vasoactive factors, such as

endothelin (ET), nitric oxide (NO), apoprotein and the iconographic changes

in angiography before and after treatment were observed in 40 patients of

ASO. RESULTS: All patients had high levels of plasma ET and low level of NO,

abnormal metabolism apoproteins, and showed the signs of trunk artery

obstruction and marked decrease of collateral circulation in affected limb.

After treatment, the plasma ET, NO and apoprotein levels recovered to normal

range in 30 markedly effective cases, as compared with those before

treatment, the difference was significant (P < 0.01) and their collateral

circulation in the affected limb significantly increased, showing obvious

improvement of peripheral circulation. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic mechanism

of TCM-WM in treating ASO might be related with its effects on vascular

endothelium, lipid metabolism adjustment, collateral circulation

establishment and microcirculation improvement.

 

PMID: 11938828 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

: Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1999 Nov;19(11):651-2 Related Articles,

Links

 

[Effect of tongxinluo capsule in treating variant angina pectoris patients

and its influence on endothelial function

 

Jia Z, Gu F, Xue Y.

 

Cardiovascular Department, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing (100050).

 

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of Tongxinluo capsule (TXLC) in treating

variant angina pectoris and its effect on endothelial function. METHODS:

Sixty-four patients with variant angina pectoris were enrolled in the study

for four weeks by a randomized clinical trial treatment with TXLC or

isosorbide mononitrate. RESULTS: (1) The symptoms of both groups were

significantly improved, the total effective rate of TXLC and isosorbide were

86.67% and 87.10% respectively; (2) The level of serum nitric oxide was

increased, and the serum endothelin was decreased after treatment, there was

no significant difference between these two groups. CONCLUSION: TXLC could

effectively improve the symptoms of variant angina pectoris, the mechanism

of which may likely be mediated by nitric oxide and endothelin.

 

PMID: 11783154 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

1: Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1999 Dec;19(12):734-6 Related

Articles, Links

 

[Effect of replenishing liver and kidney, supplementing qi and activating

blood circulation recipe on proliferation and relevant gene expression of

vascular smooth muscle cells]

 

Han M, Wen J.

 

Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang

(050017).

 

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of replenishing Liver and Kidney,

supplementing Qi and activating blood circulation recipe (TCM) on the

proliferation and relevant gene expression of vascular smooth muscle cells

(VSMC). METHODS: Using 3H-TdR incorporation to investigate the VSMC

proliferation, using Northern blotting and reverse Polymerase Chain Reaction

(RT-PCR) to detect the effect of serum with TCM on induced NO synthase

(iNOS), endothelin (ET) induced c-jun and proliferation cell nucleus antigen

(PCNA) gene expression. RESULTS: The 3H-TdR incorporation value of VSMC

treated by serum with TCM was lower than that of control serum (P < 0.05).

Rich iNOS mRNA was detected in the VSMC stimulated by serum with TCM.

Expressions of c-jun and PCNA gene induced by ET in the VSMC were

significantly inhibited by serum with TCM. CONCLUSION: The TCM could

significantly inhibit VSMC proliferation.

 

PMID: 11783146 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

1: Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1999 Dec;19(12):715-7 Related

Articles, Links

 

[Clinical study on relationship of blood stasis syndrome with plasma

endothelin and nitric oxide changes in acute pancreatitis patients]

 

[Article in Chinese]

 

Wu G, Zou C, Mao B.

 

Department of TCM, First Affiliated Hospital of West China University of

Medical Sciences, Chengdu (610041).

 

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship of blood stasis Syndrome with plasma

endothelin (ET) and nitric oxide (NO) in acute pancreatitis patients.

METHODS: A healthy control group and three groups of patients with three

different Syndromes of TCM were established. Patients' ET and NO were

determined by radioimmunoassay and reversed-phase high performance liquid

chromatography respectively before and after treatment. The NO level was

represented by the sum of NO2 and NO3. RESULTS: ET and ET/NO ratio were not

changed significantly in patients with Liver-Spleen Qi Stagnant Syndrome,

but increased significantly in patients with Liver-Spleen Damp-Heat Syndrome

or with Spleen Stomach excessive Heat Syndrome (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION: ET and ET/NO ratio might be the important objective markers of

the existence of blood stasis Syndrome in acute pancreatitis patients.

 

PMID: 11783140 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

 

 

Some western background info/papers:

 

Endothelin-1 is a potent vasoconstrictor produced

locally inside the vessels. The effects are counterbalanced by nitric

oxide produced by endothelial cells (the cells lining the vessels).

In the normal state, insulin causes release of both the endogenous NO

and Endothelin, which ends up favoring vasodilation. With insulin

resistance though, the effect is reversed and insulin triggers

vasoconstriction.............

 

 

Blockade of hepatic nitric oxide synthase causes insulin resistance.

Sadri P, Lautt WW.

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University

of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0W3.

 

The hypothesis was tested that insulin sensitivity, previously shown to

depend on a functional hepatic parasympathetic reflex, was mediated by

hepatic production of nitric oxide (NO). ....... These

results suggest that blockade of NOS causes peripheral insulin resistance

secondary to blockade of the hepatic parasympathetic reflex release of

hepatic insulin-sensitizing substance in response to insulin.

 

 

V1: J Clin Invest 1998 Oct 1;102(7):1403-12 Related Articles, Links

Central nervous system nitric oxide synthase activity regulates insulin

secretion and insulin action.

Shankar R, Zhu JS, Ladd B, Henry D, Shen HQ, Baron AD.

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University

School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.

 

Systemic inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) with

NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) causes acute insulin resistance (IR), but

the mechanism is unknown. ..........

The data suggest the novel concept that central NOS-dependent pathways may

control peripheral insulin action and secretion. This control is not likely

to be mediated via adrenergic mechanisms and could occur via nonadrenergic,

noncholinergic nitrergic neural and/or endocrine pathways. These data

support previously published data suggesting that CNS mechanisms may be

involved in the

pathogenesis of some forms of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes

independent of adiposity.

 

 

Endothelin as a factor underlying insulin resistance

 

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a 21 amino acid peptide demonstrated to possess

vasoconstrictor, positive inotropic, mitogenic, and metabolic properties. In

numerous disease states, including congestive heart failure, obesity, and

diabetes, elevated levels of ET-1 have been reported and are thought to

contribute to the pathology of the disease. Considering the link between

these diseases, ET-1 deserves attention with respect to its role in insulin

resistance and the control of adipocyte function. Previous clinical studies

have demonstrated that ET-1 induces a state of insulin resistance. .......

This concept is supported by studies showing that ETA receptor

antagonism markedly reduced hyperglycemia and restored plasma glucose

clearance rates towards normal in an animal model of diabetes.

 

 

In vivo relationship between insulin and endothelin role of

insulin-resistance

G Andronico, M Mangano, L Ferrara, D Lamanna, G Mulé and G Cerasola

 

Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Divisione di Medicina Interna, Nefrologia ed

Ipertensione, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy

 

Abstract

 

Since endothelin production is stimulated in vitro by insulin, we performed

this study to evaluate in vivo the relationships between endothelin and

insulin plasma levels during a glucose load.

..................................

Basal endothelin in all the subjects under study was correlated with

basal insulin; moreover it was negatively related with the glucose:insulin

ratio that has been considered as an insulin-sensitivity index and

positively with the insulin:C-peptide ratio as hepatic insulin-resistance

index. The relationship between basal endothelin and insulin values was also

found in each glucose tolerance group. At 120 min after the glucose load,

mean plasma values of endothelin were significantly higher (6.66 ± 1.31 vs

4.17 ± 0.61 pmol/L); moreover, the per cent increase of endothelin at 120

min was positively related to the per cent increase of insulin. ...

Our results appear to confirm that, even

in vivo, insulin modulates circulating endothelin levels.

..............

 

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome who present with hyperandrogenemia,

hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance appear to be at high risk of

cardiovascular disease. Elevated levels of endothelin-1, a marker of

vasculopathy, have been reported in insulin-resistant subjects with

endothelial dysfunction. .

 

........In conclusion, our data clearly demonstrate that women with

polycystic ovary syndrome, obese and nonobese, have elevated endothelin-1

levels compared with the age-matched control group. In addition, 6 months of

metformin therapy reduces endothelin-1 levels and improves their hormonal

and metabolic profile.