Guest guest Posted November 29, 2006 Report Share Posted November 29, 2006 High-salt is linked to kidney and brain damage through oxidative stress. In both human and experimental salt-sensitive hypertension, superoxide production and renal damage are increased, antioxidant capacity is decreased, and antioxidant therapy can be helpful, note the researchers. FULLTEXT: http://members.shaw.ca/duncancrow/salt_hypertension_superoxide_ren al.pdf (PDF) -unbreakable URL: http://tinyurl.com/yxqrzx The study, " Oxidative Stress: The Curse That Underlies Cerebral Vascular Dysfunction " , highlights the brain damage: " Oxidative stress in the vasculature appears to be a common feature in diverse models of cerebral vascular disease and injury. ...Many of these same risk factors have also been linked with vascular cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. ...Nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator, is a major mediator of endothelium- dependent relaxation and thus regulator of tone in large arteries and microvessels of the brain. NO reacts extremely efficiently with superoxide, resulting in loss of NO bioavailability. " FULLTEXT: http://members.shaw.ca/duncancrow/Oxidative-Stress-and- Cerebral-Vascular-Dysfunction.pdf (PDF) (Advances in Stroke 2004, Frank M. Faraci, PhD) -unbreakable URL: http://tinyurl.com/ycv5nx In " Role of superoxide and angiotensin II suppression in salt- induced changes in endothelial Ca2+ signaling and NO production in rat aorta " , the researchers observed increased superoxide in the high-salt group. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed & cmd=Retrie ve & dopt=AbstractPlus & list_uids=16603691 & query_hl=1 & itool=pubmed_do csum -unbreakable URL: http://tinyurl.com/ylnkkj The increased oxidation is independent of a hypertension reaction. The study, " Effect of high-salt diet on NO release and superoxide production in rat aorta " , notes, " ...the present study demonstrates that impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation, reduced NO release, and increased superoxide production also may occur during elevated salt intake in normotensive animals. " FULLTEXT: http://members.shaw.ca/duncancrow/salt_superoxide_low_nitric_oxide ..pdf -unbreakable URL: http://tinyurl.com/ufglm In fact, superoxide helps to cause salt-sensitive hypertension; the study " Superoxide contributes to development of salt sensitivity and hypertension induced by nitric oxide deficiency " points out that " The development of any imbalance between oxidative and antioxidative processes in living tissues would lead to derangements in organ function including the kidney. The results of the present study, which demonstrate a close relation between enhancement of superoxide and the development of salt sensitivity during NOS inhibition, provide an important clue in our quest in understanding the pathophysiology of salt-sensitive hypertension. " FULLTEXT: http://members.shaw.ca/duncancrow/salt_hypertension_superoxide_low _nitric_oxide.pdf -unbreakable tinyurl: http://tinyurl.com/yjpb97 Here we have validation for dietary prevention of disease using antioxidants, with this April 2005 study, " Antioxidant treatment prevents renal damage and dysfunction and reduces arterial pressure in salt-sensitive hypertension " . FULLTEXT: http://members.shaw.ca/duncancrow/salt_antioxidants_prevent_damage _hypertension.pdf -unbreakable tinyurl: http://tinyurl.com/ylqzlh When excess salt results in the depletion of antioxidant and nitric oxide it can aggravate many inflammatory and/or oxidative disorders. In lung issues like asthma and COPD for example, antioxidant glutathione and nitric oxide are known to be depleted; this depletion leads to increased airway constriction and superoxide, peroxide and other free radical damage, which is accompanied by more irritation and mucous production, symptoms that often go away when levels are replete. This review " Oxidative stress and antioxidant deficiencies in asthma: potential modification by diet " and several related articles accessible from on this page make the point. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed & cmd=Retrie ve & dopt=AbstractPlus & list_uids=16354413 -unbreakable tinyurl: http://tinyurl.com/ybj7p9 Excess salt also depletes cellular potassium; potassium supplements and high-potassium food may be needed to balance a high-salt diet and avoid the cell death and tissue wasting condition of rhabdomyolysis. One would avoid and reverse early stages of kidney scarring and fibrosis, which is the biggest cause of renal failure in the elderly, with oral fibrinolytic enzymes. Duncan Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted November 29, 2006 Report Share Posted November 29, 2006 <begin forward> High-salt is linked to kidney and brain damage through oxidative stress. In both human and experimental salt-sensitive hypertension, superoxide production and renal damage are increased, antioxidant capacity is decreased, and antioxidant therapy can be helpful, note the researchers. FULLTEXT: http://members.shaw.ca/duncancrow/salt_hypertension_superoxide_ren al.pdf (PDF) -unbreakable URL: http://tinyurl.com/yxqrzx The study, " Oxidative Stress: The Curse That Underlies Cerebral Vascular Dysfunction " , highlights the brain damage: " Oxidative stress in the vasculature appears to be a common feature in diverse models of cerebral vascular disease and injury. ...Many of these same risk factors have also been linked with vascular cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. ...Nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator, is a major mediator of endothelium- dependent relaxation and thus regulator of tone in large arteries and microvessels of the brain. NO reacts extremely efficiently with superoxide, resulting in loss of NO bioavailability. " FULLTEXT: http://members.shaw.ca/duncancrow/Oxidative-Stress-and- Cerebral-Vascular-Dysfunction.pdf (PDF) (Advances in Stroke 2004, Frank M. Faraci, PhD) -unbreakable URL: http://tinyurl.com/ycv5nx In " Role of superoxide and angiotensin II suppression in salt- induced changes in endothelial Ca2+ signaling and NO production in rat aorta " , the researchers observed increased superoxide in the high-salt group. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed & cmd=Retrie ve & dopt=AbstractPlus & list_uids=16603691 & query_hl=1 & itool=pubmed_do csum -unbreakable URL: http://tinyurl.com/ylnkkj The increased oxidation is independent of a hypertension reaction. The study, " Effect of high-salt diet on NO release and superoxide production in rat aorta " , notes, " ...the present study demonstrates that impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation, reduced NO release, and increased superoxide production also may occur during elevated salt intake in normotensive animals. " FULLTEXT: http://members.shaw.ca/duncancrow/salt_superoxide_low_nitric_oxide ..pdf -unbreakable URL: http://tinyurl.com/ufglm In fact, superoxide helps to cause salt-sensitive hypertension; the study " Superoxide contributes to development of salt sensitivity and hypertension induced by nitric oxide deficiency " points out that " The development of any imbalance between oxidative and antioxidative processes in living tissues would lead to derangements in organ function including the kidney. The results of the present study, which demonstrate a close relation between enhancement of superoxide and the development of salt sensitivity during NOS inhibition, provide an important clue in our quest in understanding the pathophysiology of salt-sensitive hypertension. " FULLTEXT: http://members.shaw.ca/duncancrow/salt_hypertension_superoxide_low _nitric_oxide.pdf -unbreakable tinyurl: http://tinyurl.com/yjpb97 Here we have validation for dietary prevention of disease using antioxidants, with this April 2005 study, " Antioxidant treatment prevents renal damage and dysfunction and reduces arterial pressure in salt-sensitive hypertension " . FULLTEXT: http://members.shaw.ca/duncancrow/salt_antioxidants_prevent_damage _hypertension.pdf -unbreakable tinyurl: http://tinyurl.com/ylqzlh When excess salt results in the depletion of antioxidant and nitric oxide it can aggravate many inflammatory and/or oxidative disorders. In lung issues like asthma and COPD for example, antioxidant glutathione and nitric oxide are known to be depleted; this depletion leads to increased airway constriction and superoxide, peroxide and other free radical damage, which is accompanied by more irritation and mucous production, symptoms that often go away when levels are replete. This review " Oxidative stress and antioxidant deficiencies in asthma: potential modification by diet " and several related articles accessible from on this page make the point. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed & cmd=Retrie ve & dopt=AbstractPlus & list_uids=16354413 -unbreakable tinyurl: http://tinyurl.com/ybj7p9 Excess salt also depletes cellular potassium; potassium supplements and high-potassium food may be needed to balance a high-salt diet and avoid the cell death and tissue wasting condition of rhabdomyolysis. One would avoid and reverse early stages of kidney scarring and fibrosis, which is the biggest cause of renal failure in the elderly, with oral fibrinolytic enzymes. Duncan <end forward> Bonnie Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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