What A Rich Nation Should Really Be Doing About Social Security

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" Magginkat " <magginkat

Mon, 28 Feb 2005 23:14:33 -0600

 

 

[GranniesAgainstGeorge] What A Rich Nation Should Really Be

Doing About Social Security

 

 

 

 

 

What A Rich Nation Should Really Be Doing About Social Security

by Gar Alperovitz

 

http://www.commondreams.org/views05/0228-29.htm

 

Listening to the debate between the Administration and even its most

adventurous critics one would imagine that only an extremely limited

range of Social Security options are even conceivable. One would also

imagine that we live in an extremely poor society which is ultimately

going to have to find ways to squeeze its seniors financially or

somehow we will all perish. The truth is radically different.

 

This is the wealthiest nation in the history of the world. A serious

progressive strategy should go far beyond the current debate by

building upon this self-evident fact. It should affirm the goal of a

truly bountiful–rather than penny-pinching–future for its citizens

when they retire. Here is the ball to keep your eye on:

 

If the United States does merely as well in the 21st Century as it did

during the difficult depression and war-dominated 20th Century, we

Americans will be producing the equivalent of approximately $1 million

a year for every four people by century's end–and the top 1% of

households will be making an estimated $9-10 million. Clearly, if we

so choose, we can afford a very, very generous plan.

 

Oddly so far just about the only people who seem to recognize the

obvious reality that a rich nation will be able to afford more rather

than less as technological progress continues are a couple of maverick

(but very high placed!) conservatives. Thus:

 

The Nobel prize-winning conservative economist Robert Fogel has

offered a comprehensive life-time savings and investment plan which

would start retirement at age 55. Unlike proposals by both liberals

and other conservatives which would delay retirement and make people

work longer in order to save money for the Social Security system, a

major goal is to allow people to retire at a younger and younger age

as the nation's wealth increases over the century. A tax of 2 or 3

percent " applied progressively to the top half of the income

distribution " would aide those with low incomes.

 

Another leading conservative maverick, former Bush Treasury Secretary

Paul O'Neil has put forward a savings and investment plan which would

produce the equivalent of a million dollar annuity for every

American–enough to easily guarantee $50,000 or more a year. It would

begin with those currently in the 18-35 age bracket and would be

supplemented by federal contributions for low income people. Like

Fogel, O'Neil argues: " Those of us who are more fortunate can help

those who are not. "

 

Several progressives have suggested equity-increasing approaches which

might usefully be combined with the basic Fogel and O'Neil concept.

Hofstra University School of Law professor Leon Friedman, for

instance, has proposed an annual one percent " net worth tax " on the

top 1% of households in order to provide full Social Security

financing–and to also help reduce the national debt. Such " wealth

taxes " are common in virtually every other advanced industrial and

post-industrial society.

 

A comprehensive plan by Colgate University economist Thomas Michl

would ultimately establish a fully funded investment based system (as

opposed to the current " pay-as-you-go " Social Security design). This

would include a broad range of stocks and bonds and would be financed

by progressive income taxes and also by a new wealth tax.

 

A plan by New School University sociologist Robin Blackburn would (1)

expand Social Security; (2) pool private pension plans in order to

reduce risk; and (3) institute a " share levy " -- an implicit

wealth-like tax which would require firms to issue and set-aside stock

equivalent to10-20% of profits each year in order to increase pension

fund capital.

 

A very general proposal to invest Social Security reserves which

builds on current state pension fund precedents–and the Canadian

national system–has been offered by Boston College management

professor Alice H. Munnell and Brookings fellow R. Kent Weaver.

Importantly, as they observe, public management of such plans is

hardly " financial rocket science... "

 

It's worth recalling, too, that the Roosevelt Administration's Social

Security program was originally based on a cautious investment

approach–later abandoned because Keynsian economists worried it was

draining purchasing power from the 1930s economy. The Clinton

Administration also proposed a modestly progressive investment

strategy of up to 14.6% of the Social Security Trust Fund.

 

What is striking is that such precedents and the bolder proposals on

both right and left all agree, first, that a rich country can afford

more rather than less for its seniors as time goes on; second, that

taxing those at the very top for this purpose is obvious and

appropriate; and third that one or another form of investing makes

sense financially if done under public authority.

 

Even the most adventurous Democrats are currently mainly huddled in a

defensive posture as they try to resist the onslaught of the Bush

challenge. Yes, a defense against the Bush strategy is necessary. But

No, it is not enough: What the right realized years ago is that the

way forward is to begin laying bold proposals on the table. The

question is how long it will take be before progressive politicians

start doing the same.

 

Gar Alperovitz is Lionel R. Bauman Professor of Political Economy at

the University of Maryland. This article is adapted from his recent

book 'America Beyond Capitalism: Reclaiming Our Wealth, Our Liberty

and Our Democracy' (Wiley 2005).