Fluoride Poisoning - Thyroid Dysfunction (Iodine Deficiency)

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Fluoride Poisoning - Thyroid Dysfunction (Iodine Deficiency)

JoAnn Guest

Jun 09, 2004 18:05 PDT

Symptoms/Associations

© 1999 - 2003 PFPC

see also: History

 

http://bruha.com/pfpc/html/symptoms.html

 

“Though apparently vague and non-specific, most of the symptoms of

fluoride toxicity point towards some kind of profound metabolic

dysfunction, and are strikingly similar to the symptoms of

Hypothyroidism.”

(University of Western Ontario, 2002)

 

 

FLUORIDE POISONING

THYROID DYSFUNCTION

(Iodine Deficiency)

 

Abnormal Sweating (1

Abnormal Sweating (154, 155, 156)

 

Acne (2,3)

Acne (52)

 

ADHD/Learning Disorders (4,7)

ADHD/Learning Disorders (54)

 

Allergies (2)

Allergies (52)

 

Alopecia (Hair-loss)(1

Alopecia (151)

 

Alzheimer’s Disease (5,6,46)

Alzheimer’s Disease (9

 

Anaphylactic Shock (2)

Anaphylactic Shock (124)

 

Anemia (15)

Anemia (67)

 

Apnea (Cessation of breath)

Apnea (52)

 

Aorta Calcification (2)

Aorta Calcification (100)

 

Asthenia (Weakness) (1

Asthenia (97)

 

Asthma (2)

Asthma (129)

 

Atherosclerosis (3)

Atherosclerosis (59)

 

Arthralgia (2)

Arthralgia (5

 

Arthritis (8, 13)

Arthritis (52, 5

 

Ataxia (2)

Ataxia (66)

 

Autism (169)

Autism (170, 171)

 

Back Pain (2)

Back Pain (153)

 

Behavioural Problems (3)

Behavioural Problems (54)

 

Birth Defects (5)

Birth Defects (53)

 

Blind Spots (3)

Blind Spots (52)

 

Body temperature disturbances (13)

Body temperature disturbances (52)

 

Breast Cancer (5)

Breast Cancer (147)

 

Cachexia (wasting away)(2)

Cachexia (133)

 

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (5)

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (52)

 

Cataracts (2)

Cataracts (69)

 

Change in blood pressure(=/-) (2)

Change in blood pressure (52)

 

Chest pain (26)

Chest pain (52)

 

Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)(2)

Cholelithiasis (134)

 

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (2)

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (52)

 

Collagen breakdown (3)

Collagen Breakdown (99)

 

Cold Shivers (13)

Cold Shivers (52)

 

Coma (1,3)

Coma (65)

 

Concentration Inability (13,

Concentration Inability (52)

 

Constipation (52)

Constipation (52)

 

Convulsions (2)

Convulsions (81)

 

Crying easily for no apparent reason (1

Crying easily for no apparent reason (52)

 

Death (3)

Death (123)

 

Decrease in Testosterone (32)

Decrease in Testosterone (96)

 

Dementia (2)

Dementia (54)

 

Demyelinizing Diseases (2, 35)

Demyelinizing Diseases (137)

 

Dental Abnormalities (2)

Dental Abnormalities (86)

 

Dental Arch smaller (27)

Dental Arch smaller (95)

 

Dentral Crowding (23)

Dental Crowding (93)

 

Dental enamel more porous (29)

Dental enamel more porous (96)

 

Dentral Fluorosis (Mottling of teeth)

Mottling of teeth (172)

 

Delayed Eruption of teeth (2

Delayed Eruption of teeth (86)

 

Depression (

Depression (52, 97, 152)

 

Diabetes Insipidus (36a,b)

Diabetes Insipidus (120)

 

Diabetes Mellitus (2)

Diabetes Mellitus (64)

 

Diarrhea (

Diarrhea (53)

 

Dizziness (8,13)

Dizziness (52)

 

Down Syndrome (10)

Down Syndrome (54)

 

Dry Mouth (2)

Dry Mouth (52)

 

Dyspepsia (

Dyspepsia (157)

 

Dystrophy (3)

Dystrophy (79)

 

Early/Delayed Onset of Puberty(14)

Early/delayed Onset of Puberty (53)

 

Eczema (2)

Eczema (115, 116)

 

Edema(3)

Edema (97)

 

Epilepsy (2)

Epilepsy (121)

 

Eosinophilia (15)

Eosinophilia (55)

 

Excessive Sleepiness (

Excessive Sleepiness (52)

 

Eye, ear and nose disorders (

Eye, ear and nose disorders (52)

 

Fatigue (2,13)

Fatigue (52)

 

Fearfulness (1,1

Fearfulness (71)

 

Fever (13)

Fever (96)

 

Fibromyalgia (2)

Fibromyalgia (143)

 

Fibrosarcoma (3)

Fibrosarcoma (144)

 

Fibrosis (3)

Fibrosis (76a,b)

 

Fingernails:Lines/Groo ves (1)

Fingernails:Lines/Groo ves (97)

 

Fingernails:Brittle (1,3)

Fingernails:Brittle (97)

 

Forgetfulness (3)

Forgetfulness (97)

 

Gastro-disturbances (

Gastro-disturbances (52)

 

Gastric Ulcers (2)

Gastric Ulcers (92)

 

Giant Cell Formation

Giant Cell Formation (135)

 

Gingivitis (19, 173)

Gingivitis (72)

 

Goitre (2)

Goitre (52)

 

Growth Disturbances (1)

Growth Disturbances (53)

 

Headache (2)

Headache (118)

 

Hearing Loss (5)

Hearing Loss (165)

 

Heart Disorders

Heart Disorders (52)

 

Heart Failure (3)

Heart Failure (109, 110)

 

Heart Palpitations (13)

Heart Palpitations (52)

 

Hepatitis (2)

Hepatitis (136)

 

Hemorrhage (1,2)

Hemorrhage (85)

 

Hives (3)

Hives (108)

 

Hoarseness (1

Hoarseness (97)

 

Hyperparathyroidism (2)

Hyperparathyroidism (82)

 

Hypertension (

Hypertension (52, 60)

 

Hypoplasia (40)

Hypoplasia (150)

 

Immunosuppression (3)

Immunosuppression (52)

 

Impotence (3)

Impotence (97)

 

Incoherence (

Incoherence (54)

 

Infertility (2,3)

Infertility (87)

 

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (142)

 

Inner Ear Disorders (2,5)

Inner Ear Disorders (139)

 

Irritability (1

Irritability (160)

 

Joint Pains (

Joint Pains (52)

 

Kidney Failure (2)

Kidney Failure (125)

 

Lack of Energy (

Lack of Energy (52)

 

Lack of Co-ordination (2)

Lack of Co-ordination (52)

 

Loss of Appetite (2)

Loss of Appetite (97)

 

Loss of Consciousness (2)

Loss of Consciousness (138)

 

Loss of IQ (25)

Loss of IQ (83)

 

Loss of Spermatogenesis (33)

Loss of Spermatogenesis (102)

 

Low Birth Weight (5)

Low Birth Weight (158)

 

Lung Cancer (3)

Lung cancer (145)

 

Lupus (3)

Lupus (101)

 

Magnesium Deficiency (2)

Magnesium Deficiency (94)

 

Memory Loss (13)

Memory Loss (52)

 

Mental Confusion (20)

Mental Confusion (52,54)

 

Migraine (

Migraine (52)

 

Monisiliasis (Candidasis) (162)

Monisiliasis (Candidasis) (161)

 

More fluorosis/high altitudes (30,31)

More hypothyrodism/high altitudes (96)

 

Mouth Sores (2)

Mouth Sores (87)

 

Myalgia (Muscle Pain) (2)

Myalgia (5

 

Myotrophy (Muscle wasting) (2)

Myotrophy (5

 

Multiple Sclerosis (4)

Multiple Sclerosis (126)

 

Muscle Cramps (3)

Muscle Cramps (5

 

Muscle Stiffness (3)

Muscle Stiffness (5

 

Muscle Weakness (2)

Muscle Weakness (57)

 

Muscoskeletal Disease (3)

Muscoskeletal Disease (80,57)

 

Nausea (8,13)

Nausea (52)

 

Osteoarthritis (2)

Osteoarthritis (62)

 

Osteoporosis (2)

Osteoporosis (62)

 

Osteosarcoma (22b)

Osteosarcoma (104)

 

Optic Neuritis (2)

Optic Neuritis (6

 

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (22)

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (103)

 

Otosclerosis

Otosclerosis

 

Parkinson’s Disease (5)

Parkinson’s Disease (110,111)

 

Pins & Needles (1

Pins & Needles (52)

 

Polydipsia (2)

Polydipsia (64)

 

Polyneuropathy (2)

Polyneuropathy (57)

 

Polyurea (2)

Polyurea (64)

 

Pyelocystitis (2)

Pyelocystitis (63)

 

Premature Delivery (16)

Premature Delivery (52)

 

Pruritis (Itchy Skin) (3)

Pruritis (113)

 

Pulminary Edema (2)

Pulminary Edema (114)

 

Recurring Colds (1

Recurring Colds (52)

 

Respiratory Complications (13,

Respiratory Complications (52)

 

Restlessness (13)

Restlessness (52)

 

Retinitis (2)

Retinitis (128)

 

Rhinitis (3

Rhinitis (6)

 

Schizophrenia (1

Schizophrenia (163, 164)

 

Sceroderma (3)

Scleroderma (74)

 

Skin Pigmentation (2)

Skin Pigmentation (97)

 

Secondary teeth erupt later (16)

Secondary teeth erupt later (86)

 

Sensitive to light (1,17)

Sensitive to light (52)

 

Seizures 913)

Seizures (8

 

Shortness of Breath (13)

Shortness of Breath (52)

 

SIDS (16)

SIDS (54)

 

Sinus Infections (2,

Sinus Infections (52)

 

Skeletal Changes (2)

Skeletal Changes (86)

 

Sleep Disorders (2)

Sleep Disorders (52)

 

Slipped Epiphysis

Slipped Epiphysis

 

Sluggishness (2)

Sluggishness (52)

 

Skin Irritations (13,

Skin Irritations (52)

 

Spondylitis, ankylosing (5)

Spondylitis, ankylosing (148)

 

Stillbirths (2)

Stillbirths (97)

 

Swallowing Difficulties (Dysphagia) (13)

Swallowing Difficulties (52)

 

Swelling in Face (Angioedema) (3)

Swelling in Face (97)

 

Telangiectasia (166)

Telangiectasia (167, 168)

 

Testicular Growth/Alteration (2, 42)

Testicular Growth/Alteration (102)

 

Thirst (13)

Thirst (89)

 

Thrombosis (39)

Thrombosis (122, 141a,b)

 

Thyroid Cancer (22)

Thyroid Cancer (87)

 

Tinnitus (

Tinnitus (52)

 

Tingling Sensations(1

Tingling Sensations (52)

 

Visual disturbances (13,

Visual Disturbances (52)

 

Ulcerative Colitis (41)

Ulcerative Colitis (142)

 

Urticaria (2)

Urticaria (105, 106, 107)

 

Uterine Bleeding (2)

Uterine Bleeding (91)

 

Uterine Cancer (23)

Uterine Cancer (77)

 

Vaginal Bleeding (5)

Vaginal Bleeding (90)

 

Vas Deferens Alterations (5)

Vas Deferens Alterations (146)

 

Vertigo (

Vertigo (52)

 

Vitiligo (white spots/skin) (2)

Vitiligo (73)

 

Weak Pulse (13)

Weak Pulse (52)

 

Weight Disturbances (2)

Weight Disturbances (52)

 

Zinc Deficiency (2)

Zinc Deficiency (94)

 

 

 

REFERENCES:

 

1)Meiers, P. - " Zur Toxizität von Fluorverbindungen, mit besonderer

Berücksichtigung der Onkogenese " , Verlag für Medizin Dr. Ewald Fischer,

Heidelberg (1984)

 

2)Waldbott, GL; Burgstahler, AW; McKinney, HL - " Fluoridation:The Great

Dilemma " Coronado Press (1978)

 

3)Yiamouyiannis, J. - " Fluoride - The Aging Factor " , 3rd. Edition,

Health Action Press, 6439 Taggart Road, Delaware, Ohio (1993)

 

4)Mullenix, P.J.;Denbesten, P.K.;Schunior, A; Kernan, W.J. -

" Neurotoxicity of Sodium Fluoride In Rats " . Neurotoxicology and

Teratology, 17(2):169-177(1995)

 

5)Judd, G - " Good Teeth Birth To Death " , Research Publications, Glendale

Arizona (1997), EPA Research #2 (1994)

 

6)Varner, J.A., Jensen, K.F., Horvath, W. And Isaacson, R.L. - " Chronic

administration of aluminum- fluoride or sodium-fluoride to rats in

drinking water: alterations in neuronal and cerebrovascular integrity "

Brain Research 784 284-298 (1998)

 

7)Zhao, L.B., Liang, G.H., Zhang, D.N., and Wu, X.R. - " Effect of high

fluoride water supply on children's intelligence " Fluoride 29 190-192

(1996)

 

8)Grimbergen, G.W. - " A Double Blind Test for Determination of

Intolerance to Fluoridated Water (Preliminary Report) " , Fluoride

7:146-152 (1974)

 

9)Wilson, R.H; DeEds, F. - " The Synergistic Action Of Thyroid On

Fluorine Toxicity " Endocrinology 26:851 (1940)

 

10)Rapaport, I - " Nouvelles recherches sur le mongolisme. A propos du

role pathogénique du fluor. Bull Acad Nat Med (Paris)143:367-370 (1959)

 

11)Day, TK;Powell-Jackson,PR - " Fluoride, Water Hardness, and Endemic

Goitre " Lancet 1:1135-1138 (1972)

 

12)Zhao, W;Zhu, H; Yu, Z;Aoki, K; Misumi, J; Zhang, X - " Long-term

Effects of Various Iodine and Fluorine Doses on the Thyroid and

Fluorosis in Mice " Endocr Regul 32(2):63-70 (1998)

 

13)Roholm, K.; Fluorine Intoxication - " A Clinical Hygiene Study, With A

Review Of the Literature And Some Experimental Investigations " H.K.

Lewis & Co., London (1937)

 

14)Luke, J.A.- " Effect of fluoride on the physiology of the pineal

gland " Caries Research 28 204 (1994)

 

15)Hillman, D; Bolenbaugh, D.L;Convey E.M. - " Hypothyroidism and anemia

related to fluoride in dairy cattle " J Dairy Sci 62(3):416-23 (1979)

 

16)Schatz, A - " Low-level fluoridation and low-level radiation --Two case

histories of mis-conduct in science " by Albert Schatz, Ph.D,1996,

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

http://www.cadvision.com/fluoride/schatz.htm

 

17)Visnerevski, V - Gig Tr Prof Zabol 13:60 (1969)

 

18)Spira, L: " The Drama of Fluorine - Arch Enemy of Mankind " Milwaukee

Press (1953) (Compilation of published articles)

 

19)Dean, T. - JAMA 107:1269 (1936)

 

20)Smith, MC- J Dent Res 14:139 (1934)

 

21)Staub M, Csapo Z, Spasokukotskaja T, Sasvari-Szekely M- " Deoxycytidine

kinase can be also potentiated by the G-protein activator NaF in cells "

Adv Exp Med Biol 431:425-8 (1998)

 

22) NTP Technical Report Series No. 393; NIH Publication No. 91-2848;

" Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of sodium fluoride (CAS No.

7681-49-4) in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice " , December 1990) National

Toxicology Program P.O. Box 12233 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709

 

23)Tohyama E - " Relationship between fluoride concentration in drinking

water mortality rate from uterine cancer in Okinawa prefecture, Japan " J

Epidemiol (CL8); 6 (4): 184-91 (1996)

http://www.holisticmed.com/fluoride/uterine.htm

 

24) Masztalerz A, Masztalerzowa Z, Szymanska M, Tomelka J- " Fluorine and

the dentition " Fortschr Kieferorthop 51(4):234-7(1990)

 

25)Li, X.S., Zhi, J.L., and Gao, R.O. " - Effect of fluoride exposure on

intelligence in children " Fluoride 28 (1995)

 

26)Petraborg,H.T.- " Hydrofluorosis in the Fluoridated Milwaukee Area "

Fluoride 10(4)(1977)

 

27)Jonas I, et al - " Changes in tooth morphology as affected by

fluoridated drinking water " Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 94(5):399-4089

(1984)

 

28)Kunzel VW - " Cross-sectional comparison of the median eruption time

for permanent teeth in children from fluoride poor and optimally

fluoridated areas " Stomatol DDR 5:310-21 (1976)

 

29)Fejerskov O, Manji F, Baelum V- " The nature and mechanisms of dental

fluorosis in man " J Dent Res 69 Spec No:692-700; discussion 721 (1990)

 

30)Yoder KM, Mabelya L, Robison VA, Dunipace AJ, Brizendine EJ, Stookey

GK - " Severe dental fluorosis in a Tanzanian population consuming water

with negligible fluoride concentration " Community Dent Oral Epidemiol

26(6):382-93 (1998)

 

31)Rwenyonyi C, Bjorvatn K, Birkeland J, Haugejorden O- " Altitude as a

Risk Indicator of Dental Fluorosis in Children Residing in Areas with

0.5 and 2.5 mg Fluoride per Litre in Drinking Water. " Caries Res

33(4):267-274 (1999)

 

32)Suheela, AK; Jethanandani, P - " Circulating Testosterone Levels is

skeletal Fluorosis patients " J Tox Clin Tox 34(2):187-189 (1996)

 

33)Tomas James Rees - The Toxicology of Male Reproduction, Literature

Review in Applied Toxicology, Portsmouth University, February 1993

 

34) Balabolkin MI, Mikhailets ND, Lobovskaia RN, Chernousova NV - " The

interrelationship of the thyroid and immune statuses of workers with

long-term fluorine exposure " Ter Arkh 67(1):41-2 (1995)

 

35)Franke, J;Rath, F;Runge, H;Fengler, F;Auermann, E;Lenart G. -

" Industrial Fluorosis " Fluoride 8:61-85 (1975)

 

36a)Bosch T - " Nephrotoxicity and fluoride from the viewpoint of the

nephrologist " Anaesthesist 45 Suppl 1:S41-5 (1996)

 

36b)Rush GF, Willis LR - " Renal tubular effects of sodium fluoride "

J Pharmacol Exp Ther 223(2):275-9 (1982)

 

37)Medvedeva VN - " Blood serotonin levels and urinary excretion of

tryptamine in toxic hepatitis caused by fluoride compounds " Vrach Delo

(6):92-5 (1985)

 

38)Kowalska S, Sulkowski W - " Perforation of the nasal septum of

occupational origin " Med Pr 34(2):171-5 (1983)

 

39)Matsumoto S - " Hydrofluoric acid burn: particulars on multiple

pulmonary thrombi " Sangyo Ika Daigaku Zasshi 11(4):411-24 (1989)

 

40)Nelson DG, Coote GE, Vickridge IC, Suckling G - " Proton microprobe

determination of fluorine profiles in the enamel and dentine of erupting

incisors from sheep given low and high daily doses of fluoride " Arch

Oral Biol 34(6):419-29 (1989)

 

41)Rachmilewitz D, Karmeli F, Selinger Z- " Increased colonic adenylate

cyclase activity in active ulcerative colitis " Gastroenterology

85(1):12-6

(1983)

 

42)Tokar' VI, Savchenko ON - " Effect of inorganic fluorine compounds on

the functional state of the pituitary-testis system " Probl Endokrinol

(Mosk) 23(4):104-7 (1977)

 

43)Strunecka A, Patocka J - " Aluminum and fluoride: a new, deadly duo in

Alzheimer's Disease " Cesk Fysiol 48(1):9-15 (1999)

 

THYROID MEDICATION

 

44)Galetti, PM;Joyet, G - " Effect of Fluorine On Thyroidal Iodine

Metabolism in Hyperthyroidism " J Clin Endocrinol 18:1102-1110 (1958)

 

45)May, W - " Antagonismus zwischen Jod und Fluor im Organismus " Klin

Wochenschr 14:790-792 (1937)

 

46)May, W - " Behandlung der Hypothyreosen einschließlich des schweren

genuinen Morbus Basedow mit Fluor " Klin Wochenschr 16:562-564 (1937)

 

47)Gorlitzer von Mundy - " Einfluss von Fluor und Jod auf den

Stoffwechsel, insbesondere auf die Schilddrüse " Münch Med Wochenschrift

105:234-247 (1963)

 

48)Gordonoff, T. - Fluor und die Schilddrüse, Toxikology des Fluors

Basel/Stuttgart, pp.111-123 (1964)

 

49) " Documentation Of Rising Intake of Fluorides " - 26 Official Documents

compiled by Darlene Sherrell, Dental Fluorosis Prevention Program

http://www.rvi.net/~fluoride/riseinta.htm

 

THYROID HORMONE DISORDER/Hypothyrodism Symptom Sources:

 

50)The Thyroid Society

http://www.the-thyroid-society.org/

 

51)Thyroid Federation International

http://www.thyroid-fed.org/

 

52)American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Merck Manual,

Thyroid Foundation of America

http://thyroid.miningco.com/blchklst.htm?pid=2750 & cob=h ome

 

53)Thomas P. Foley, Jr; M.D.; Professor of Pediatrics University of

Pittsburgh and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, The

MAGIC Foundation Clinical Hypothyroid Divison

http://www.magicfoundation.org/clinhypop.html

 

54)Werner and Ingbar's " The thyroid: a fundamental and clinical text "

(7th edition) Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven (1996)

 

55) Pennec Y, Youinou P, Le Menn G - " Hypothryoidism and eosinophilic

fasciitis " J Rheumatol 11(1):110-1 (1984)

 

56)Iurkevich NP, Savchenko TV - " Lymphedema and hypothyroidism " Klin Med

(Mosk) 72(2):33-6(1994)

 

" The examination covered 1191 lymphedema patients (635 primary and 536

secondary disease cases). Hypothyroidism-like thyroid dysfunction was

found in 80% of patients with primary lymphedema. "

 

57)Dick DJ, Lane RJ, Nogues MA, Fawcett PR- " Polyneuropathy in

hypothyroidism " Postgrad Med J 59(694):518-9 (1983)

 

58)McLean RM, Podell DN - " Bone and joint manifestations of

hypothyroidism " Semin Arthritis Rheum 24(4):282-90 (1995)

 

59)Neeck G, Riedel W, Schmidt KL- " Neuropathy, myopathy and destructive

arthropathy in primary hypothyroidism " J Rheumatol 17(12):1697-700 (1990)

 

 

60)Pauszek ME.- " Hypertension as the presenting problem in primary

hypothyroidism " Indiana Med. 82(1):28-9 (1989)

 

61) Proto G, et al. - " Thyroid disease and retinitis pigmentosa "

J Endocrinol Invest. 19 (9):647-8 (1996)

 

62)Laoussadi S, Menkes CJ- " Osteoarthritis of rare etiology " Service de

Rhumatologie A, Hopital Cochin, Paris. Rev Rhum Ed Fr 61(9 Pt

2):116S-123S (1994)

 

63)Gries G, et al.- " Studies on the origin of chronic pyelonephritis in

hypothyroidism " Med Welt.17:936-9. (1996)

 

64)Hess RS, Ward CR- " Diabetes mellitus, hyperadrenocorticism, and

hypothyroidism in a dog. " J Am Anim Hosp Assoc ;34(3):204-7 (1998)

 

65)Soares A de D, Falcao LM, De Barros E - " Hypothyroid coma and

thyrotoxic crisis " Acta Med Port 1997 Nov;10(11):837-43

 

66)Caffarra P, et al.- " Ataxia and hypothyroidism "

Ital J Neurol Sci. 7(6):625 (1986)

 

67)Green ST, Ng JP- " Hypothyroidism and anaemia " Biomed Pharmacother

40(9):326-31(1986)

 

68)Vernant JC, Cabre P, Smadja D, Merle H, Caubarrere I, Mikol J, Poser

CM- " Recurrent optic neuromyelitis with endocrinopathies: a new

syndrome. " Neurology 48(1):58-64 (1997)

 

69) Matteini M, et al.- " On the significance of a syndrome consisting of

primary hypothyroidism, testicular germinal dysgenesis, complex renal

tubulopathy, mental deficiency, congenital cataract and osteoporosis "

Rass Neurol Veg. 22(1):32-55 (1968)

 

70)Med. Education:Loyola University Medical Education Network

http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/medicine/endo/

hypothy/hypothylist.htm

 

70b)http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/medicine/e

ndo/hypothy/hypothy2.htm

 

71) " Thyroid Dysfunction as a Cause of Aggression in Dogs and Cats " L.P.

Aronson DVM & N.H. Dodman RVMS - Presented at the 43. Jahrestagung der

Deutschen Veterinarmedizinischen Gesellschaft Fachgruppe

Kleintierkrankheiten 29-31 August 1997 in HCC Hannover, Germany

 

72)Silverman S Jr. " Oral changes in metabolic diseases. " Postgrad Med.

49(1):106-10. (1971)

 

73)Hegedus L, Heidenheim M, Gervil M, Hjalgrim H, Hoier-Madsen M - " High

frequency of thyroid dysfunction in patients with vitiligo " Acta Derm

Venereol 74(2):120-3 (1994)

 

74)Ghayad E, Tohme A, Haddad F, Haddad C, Choueiry R - " Scleroderma with

anomalies of the thyroid function. 7 cases " Ann Med Interne (Paris)

148(4):307-10 (1997)

 

75)Keenan GF, Ostrov BE, Goldsmith DP, Athreya BH - " Rheumatic symptoms

associated with hypothyroidism in children " J Pediatr 123(4):586-8

(1993)

 

76a)Borges MF, Abelin NM, Menezes FO, Dahia PL, Toledo SP- " Calcitonin

deficiency in early stages of chronic autoimmunethyroiditis " Clin

Endocrinol (Oxf) 49(1):69-75 (1998)

 

76b) Baloch ZW, Saberi M, Livolsi VA - " Simultaneous involvement of

thyroid by Riedel's [correction of Reidel's] disease and fibrosing

Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a case report. " Thyroid 8(4):337-41(1998)

 

77)Sridhar GR, Nagamani G- " " Hypothyroidism presenting with polycystic

ovary syndrome " J Assoc Physicians India 41(2):88-90 (1993)

 

7 Reuland-Bosma W. - " Down syndrome--2. Orofacial aspects " Rev Belge Med

Dent. 50(3):53-62 (1995)

 

79)McIntosh LM, et al. - " The effects of altered metabolism

(hypothyroidism) on muscle repair in the mdx dystrophic mouse " Muscle

Nerve 17(4):444-53 (1994)

 

80)Krupsky M, Flatau E, Yarom R, Resnitzky P - " Musculoskeletal symptoms

as a presenting sign of long-standing hypothyroidism " Isr J Med Sci

23(11):1110-3 (1987)

 

81) Asami T, et al. - " Incidence of febrile convulsions in children with

congenital hypothyroidism " Acta Paediatr.87(6):623-6 (1998)

 

82)Paloyan Walker R, Kazuko E, Gopalsami C, Bassali J, Lawrence AM,

Paloyan E - " Hyperparathyroidism associated with a chronic hypothyroid

state " Laryngoscope 107(7):903-9 (1997)

 

83)Huda SN, Grantham-McGregor SM, Rahman KM, Tomkins A - " Biochemical

hypothyroidism secondary to iodine deficiency is associated with poor

school achievement and cognition in Bangladeshi children. " J Nutr

129(5):980-7 (1999)

 

85)Stauffer JT, Weinman MD, Bynum TE - " Hemobilia in a patient with

multiple hepatic artery aneurysms: a case report and review of the

literature. " Am J Gastroenterol 84(1):59-62 (1989)

 

86)Mg'ang'a PM, Chindia ML- " " Dental and skeletal changes in juvenile

hypothyroidism following treatment: case report " Odontostomatol Trop

13(1):25-7 (1990)

 

87)Rosenthal, SM - " The Thyroid Sourcebook " , Lowell House, Los Angeles

(1995)

 

8 Higashiyama A, et al. - " NMDA receptors in the inferior colliculus are

critically involved in audiogenic seizures in the adult rats with

neonatal hypothyroidism " Exp Neurol.153(1):94-101(1998)

 

89)Sumida Y, et al.- " A case of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism associated

with primary hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus " Nippon Naibunpi

Gakkai Zasshi. 20;70(6):609-14(1994)

 

90)Gordon CM, et al- " Primary hypothyroidism presenting as severe vaginal

bleeding in a prepubertal girl " J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 10(1):35-8

(1997)

 

91)Brenner PF- " Differential diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding " Am J

Obstet Gynecol.175(3 Pt 2):766-9 (1996)

 

92) Hernandez DE, et al - " Influence of thyroid states on stress gastric

ulcer formation " Life Sci.42(1:1757-64(1988)

 

93) Loevy HT, et al " Tooth eruption and craniofacial development in

congenital hypothyroidism: report of case " JADA 115(3):429-31(1987)

 

94)Simsek G, Andican G, Karakoc Y, Yigit G, Hatemi H, Candan G

- " Calcium, magnesium, and zinc status in experimental hypothyroidism "

Biol Trace Elem Res 60(3):205-13 (1997)

 

95)Dorsch C- " Orthodontic studies in children with stunted growth "

Stomatol DDR 28(4):232-7 (1978)

 

96)Noren JG, Alm J- " Congenital hypothyroidism and changes in the enamel

of deciduous teeth. " Acta Paediatr Scand 72(4):485-9 (1983)

 

97)Surks, MI - " The Thyroid Book " Consumer Reports Books (1993)

 

98)APA/The Monitor( " Down's Syndrome shares symptoms with Alzheimer's)

http://www.apa.org/monitor/oct95/old.html

 

99)Lee HW, Klein LE, Raser J, Eghbali-Webb M - " An activator protein-1

(AP-1) response element on pro alpha1(l) collagen gene is necessary for

thyroid hormone-induced inhibition of promoter activity in cardiac

fibroblasts. " J Mol Cell Cardiol 30(11):2495-506 (1998)

 

100) Shikata A, et al- " Thoracic aortic calcification in 3 children with

candidiasis-endocrinopathy syndrome " Pediatr Radiol. 23(2):100-3(1993)

 

101)Tsai RT, Chang TC, Wang CR, Chuang CY, Chen CY- " Thyroid disorders

in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus " Rheumatol Int

13(1):9-13 (1993)

 

102)Panno ML, Sisci D, Salerno M, Lanzino M, Pezzi V, Morrone EG, Mauro

L, Palmero S, Fugassa E, Ando S- " Thyroid hormone modulates androgen and

oestrogen receptor content in the Sertoli cells of peripubertal rats " J

Endocrinol 148(1):43-50 (1996)

 

103)Autelitano F, Santeusanio G, Mauriello A, Autelitano M, Palmieri G,

Orlandi A, Spagnoli LG - " Latent pathology of the thyroid: an

epidemiological and statistical study of thyroids sampled during 507

consecutive autopsies " Ann Ital Chir 63(6):761-81(1992)

 

104)Langenbach A, et al. " Extraskeletal osteosarcomas in dogs: a

retrospective study of 169 cases (1986-1996) " J Am Anim Hosp Assoc.

34(2):113-20 (1998)

 

105)Anton E, et al. " Primary acquired cold-induced urticaria associated

to hypothyroidism " Ann Med Interna 13(9):459 (1996)

 

106)Rumbyrt JS, et al- " Resolution of chronic urticaria in patients with

thyroid autoimmunity " J Allergy Clin Immunol 96(6 Pt 1):901-5.(1995)

 

107) Lanigan SW, et al- " Association between urticaria and

hypothyroidism” Lancet 1(8392):1476 (1994)

 

108)Whitaker G, et al - " Fibrillary glomerulonephritis occurring in

association with hereditary angioneurotic oedema, pernicious anaemia and

hypothyroidism. " Nephrol Dial Transplant 13(7):1822-4 (1998)

 

109)Mann N, et al- " A 50-year-old male with diabetes mellitus,

peripheral neuropathy, hypothyroidism, obesity, sleep disorder,

pickwickian syndrome, and heart failure. " Mt Sinai J Med

65(5-6):414-21(1998)

 

110)Isobe M, et al- " Massive pericardial effusion in an adult case of

congenital hypothyroidism due to a sublingual thyroid " Acta Cardiol

53(2):101-3.(1998)

 

111)Guerin V, et al - " Dysthyroidism and Parkinson's disease " Ann

Endocrinol 51(1):43-5 (1990)

 

112)Johannessen AC, et al- " Thyroid function in patients with Parkinson's

disease " Acta Neurol Scand 75(5):364-5 (1987)

 

113)Faver IR, Daoud MS, Su WP- " Acquired reactive perforating

collagenosis. Report of six cases and review of the literature. " J Am

Acad Dermatol 30(4):575-80 (1994)

 

114) Lopez A, et al. " Sleep apnea, hypothyroidism and pulmonary edema "

Chest.97(3):763-4 (1990)

 

115)Mullin GE, Eastern JS - " Cutaneous signs of thyroid disease " Am Fam

Physician 34(4):93-8 (1986)

 

116)Hornstein OP- " The thyroid gland, the parathyroid gland and the skin "

Z Hautkr 59(17):1125-6, 1129-32, 1137-43 (1984)

 

117)Pandolfi C, Filippi C - " Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with

hypothyroidism. Report of a case " Minerva Med 80(10):1129-31 (1989)

 

118)Wiesli P, et al - " Headache and bilateral visual loss in a young

hypothyroid Indian man " J Endocrinol Invest 22(2):141-3 (1999)

 

119)Mayer D, et al- " Fulminant meningococcal meningitis and sepsis

associated with severe hypothyroidism caused by autoimmune (Hashimoto)

thyroiditis " Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes105 Suppl 4:80 (1997)

 

120)Paja M, Estrada J, Ojeda A, Ramon y Cajal S, Garcia-Uria J, Lucas T

- " Lymphocytic hypophysitis causing hypopituitarism and diabetes

insipidus, and associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, in a non-pregnant

woman " Postgrad Med J 70(821):220-4 (1994)

 

121)Lindbom U, Hulting AL, Tomson T - " Paradoxical GH response to TRH

during status epilepticus in man " Eur J Endocrinol 140(4):307-14 (1999)

 

122)Chadarevian R, Bruckert E, Ankri A, Beucler I, Giral P, Turpin G -

" Relationship between thyroid hormones and plasma D-dimer levels " Thromb

Haemost 79(1):99-103 (1998)

 

123)Bailes BK - " Hypothyroidism in elderly patients " AORN J

69(5):1026-30 (1999)

 

124)Herren T - " Hypotensive crisis " Schweiz Med Wochenschr

123(17):853-67 (1993)

 

125)Mooraki A, et al - " Reversible renal insufficiency, hyperuricemia

and gouty arthritis in a case of hypothyroidism " Clin Nephrol

49(1):59-61 (1998)

 

126) Klapps P, et al - " Endocrine function in multiple sclerosis " Acta

Neurol Scand 85(5):353-7 (1992)

 

127)Henrot B, Ninane J, Mercenier C, Vermylen C, Verellen C, Cornu G,

Malvaux P " Deletion of the long arm of chromosome 18, primary

hypothyroidism, Biermer's anemia and IgM hypogammaglobulinemia " Arch Fr

Pediatr 46(10):729-32 (1989)

 

128)Dykewicz MS, Fineman S, Skoner DP, Nicklas R, Lee R, Blessing-Moore

J, Li JT, Bernstein IL, Berger W, Spector S, Schuller D - " Diagnosis and

management of rhinitis: complete guidelines of the Joint Task Force on

Practice Parameters in Allergy, Asthma and Immunology " American Academy

of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 81(5 Pt

2):478-518 (1998)

 

129)Sugai K, Sugai Y - " Epidural anesthesia for a patient with

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, bronchial asthma and hypothyroidism " Masui

38(5):688-91 (1989)

 

130) Villa MP, et al - " Modification of nonspecific bronchial reactivity

in hypothyroid children under different regimens of substitutive

opotherapy " Pediatr Pulmonol 2(6):353-7 (1986)

 

131)Rowe MS, et al - " Hypothyroidism with coexistent asthma: problems in

management " South Med J77(3):401-2 (1984)

 

" This case study illustrates the relationship between hypothyroidism and

bronchial asthma. As seen here, even slow and cautious restoration of

the euthyroid state may lead to problems in the management of asthma.

Thus routine or aggressive replacement therapy for thyroid hypofunction

in the asthmatic population is not recommended. "

132)Shapiro M, et al " Asthma as the primary manifestation of selective

ACTH deficiency associated with latent primary hypothyroidism " Harefuah

103(5-6):104-5 (1982)

 

133)Brauman H, Gregoire F - " The growth hormone response to insulin

induced hypoglycaemia in anorexia nervosa and control underweight or

normal subjects " Eur J Clin Invest 5(3):289-95 (1975)

 

134)Aynaci FM, Orhan F, Celep F, Karaguzel A - " Frequency of

cardiovascular and gastrointestinal malformations, leukemia and

hypothyroidism in children with Down syndrome in Trabzon, Turkey " Turk J

Pediatr 40(1):103-9 (1998)

 

135)Marwaha RK, Sankar R, Magdum M, Nijahvan VS, Khanna CM, Jaggi CB,

Ambardar V, Maharda NS, Walia RP, Jain SK - " Clinical, biochemical and

cytomorphological observations in juvenile chronic lymphocytic

thyroiditis " Indian Pediatr 35(10):967-73 (1998)

 

136)Catapani WR, Valente O, Aguiar C - " A patient with hepatitis B,

antimicrosomal antibodies, and autoimmune hypothyroidism " Postgrad Med J

72(854):752-3 (1996)

 

137)Zampollo A, Cristofori E, Zacchetti O, Spreafico A - " Hypothyroid

neuropathy. Description 2 cases " Minerva Med 74(5):165-72 (1983)

 

138)Kunisada K, et al - " Case of hypothyroidism and hypoparathyroidism

discovered by fainting spells " Nippon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 87(11):2314-5

(1998)

 

139)Forrest D, Erway LC, Ng L, Altschuler R, Curran T - " Thyroid hormone

receptor beta is essential for development of auditory function " Nat

Genet 13(3):354-7 (1996)

 

140) Kalinin AP, Rafibekov DS, Potemkina EE, Shabadin VN - " Effect of

plasmapheresis and immunocorrective therapy on the status of the T-cell

component of immunity in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis " Probl

Endokrinol (Mosk) 40(4):21-3 (1994)

 

141)Durand JM, et al - " Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and

hypothyroidism " Am J Hematol 61(1):83-4 (1999)

 

141b)Coser P, et al - " Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in

hypothyroidism: an accidental association? " Haematologica 67(4):625-9

(1982)

 

142)Messina G, Viceconti N, Trinti B - " The clinical and echographic

assessment of thyroid function and structure in patients with a chronic

inflammatory intestinal disease " Recenti Prog Med 90(1):13-6 (1999)

 

143)Keenan GF, Ostrov BE, Goldsmith DP, Athreya BH - " Rheumatic symptoms

associated with hypothyroidism in children " J Pediatr 123(4):586-8

(1993)

 

144) Kumar MS, Chiang T, Deodhar SD - " Enhancing effect of thyroxine on

tumor growth and metastases in syngeneic mouse tumor systems " Cancer Res

39(9):3515-8 (1979)

 

145)Kinoshita S, Sone S, Yamashita T, Tsubura E, Ogura T - " Effects of

experimental hyper- and hypothyroidism on natural defense activities

against Lewis lung carcinoma and its spontaneous pulmonary metastases in

C57BL/6 mice " Tokushima J Exp Med 38(1-2):25-35 (1989)

 

146)Michel-Reher MB, Gross G, Jasper JR, Bernstein D, Olbricht T, Brodde

OE, Michel MC - " Tissue- and subunit-specific regulation of G-protein

expression by hypo- and hyperthyroidism " Biochem Pharmacol 45(7):1417-23

(1993)

 

147)Yokoe T, Iino Y, Takei H, Horiguchi J, Koibuchi Y, Maemura M, Ohwada

S, Morishita Y - " Relationship between thyroid-pituitary function and

response to therapy in patients with recurrent breast cancer " Anticancer

Res 16(4A):2069-72 (1996)

 

148) Ott VR, et al- " Spondylitis ankylopoietica in postoperative

hypoparathyreosis and hypothyreosis " Z Rheumaforsch. 26(1):20-6 (1967)

 

149) Teerds KJ, de Rooij DG, de Jong FH, van Haaster LH - " Development

of the adult-type Leydig cell population in the rat is affected by

neonatal thyroid hormone levels. " Biol Reprod 59(2):344-50 (1998)

 

150)Sfakianakis GN, Ezuddin SH, Sanchez JE, Eidson M, Cleveland W -

" Pertechnetate scintigraphy in primary congenital hypothyroidism. " J

Nucl Med 40(5):799-804 (1999)

 

151) Schmidt JB - " Hormonal basis of male and female androgenic

alopecia: clinical relevance. " Skin Pharmacol 7(1-2):61-6 (1994)

 

152)Gold MS, Pottash AL, Extein I - " Hypothyroidism and depression.

Evidence from complete thyroid function evaluation " . JAMA

245(19):1919-22 (1981)

 

153) Kreft B, Greiwe M, Schreiber M, Wiedemann G, Fehm HL - " Diagnosis

of an Ullrich-Turner syndrome in pension evaluation " . Dtsch Med

Wochenschr 119(33):1115-8 (1994)

 

154) Hirbli K, Altman JJ, Slama G, Tchobroutsky G - " Effect of clinical

hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism on patent diabetes. 59 cases " . Presse

Med 14(1):17-21 (1985)

 

155) Squires L, Dolan TF - " Abnormal sweat chloride in auto-immune

hypothyroidism " Clin Pediatr (Phila) 28(11):535-6 (1989)

 

156) Strickland AL - " Sweat electrolytes in thyroid disorders " J Pediatr

82(2):284-6 (1973)

 

157) De Nardo D, Franconi G, Sabino D - " Hyperammonemia during

hypothyroidism: an unusual biohumoral finding normalized by hormonal

replacement treatment " Ann Ital Med Int 14(3):196-201 (1999)

 

158) Leung AS, Millar LK, Koonings PP, Montoro M, Mestman JH -

" Perinatal outcome in hypothyroid pregnancies " Obstet Gynecol

81(3):349-53 (1993)

" Low birth weight in both overt and subclinical hypothyroid patients was

secondary to premature delivery for gestational hypertension. "

 

159) Yamada T - " Manic-depressive symptom associated with endocrine and

metabolic disorders " Nippon Rinsho 1994 May;52(5):1311-7

 

160) Nowotny B, Teuber J, an der Heiden W, Schlote B, Kleinbohl D,

Schmidt R, Kaumeier S, Usadel KH - " The role of TSH psychological and

somatic changes in thyroid dysfunctions " Klin Wochenschr 68(19):964-70

(1990)

 

161) Coleman R, Hay RJ - " Chronic mucocutaneous candidosis associated

with hypothyroidism: a distinct syndrome? " Br J Dermatol 136(1):24-9

(1997)

 

162) Ilewicz L, Chrusciel H, Korycinska-Wronska W, Maniak B, Szlachta R,

Mniszkowa M, Waszkiewicz-Golos H, Wrobel J - " Condition of the

periodontium and mouth mucosa in workers exposed to fluorides " Med Pr

1982;33(1-3):153-6

 

" Stomatological and mycological examinations of the workers at the

fusion department of the RZWM " Silesia " showed a considerable

intensification of paradontium diseases (about 80% of cases).

Leukoplakia and candidiasis were the most common changes found on the

mucous membrane in the oral cavity. Mycological investigations carried

out on the Sabourand culture showed Candida albicans in 73,7% of cases. "

 

 

163) Haberfellner EM, Rittmannsberger H, Windhager E- " Psychotic

manifestation of hypothyroidism. A case report " Nervenarzt 64(5):336-9

(1993)

 

164) Smirnova LK, Zorenko TI - " Thyroid functional activity in

schizophrenic patients with aggressive sexual behavior " Zh Nevropatol

Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 93(4):68-70 (1993)

 

165) Lautermann J, ten Cate WJ - " Postnatal expression of the

alpha-thyroid hormone receptor in the rat cochlea. " Hear Res

107(1-2):23-8 (1997)

 

166) Balic J, Kansky A, Wolf A - " Telangiectasias, heavy sweating and

diffuse itching of the skin in potroom workers working with the

eletrolytic extraction of aluminum " Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 37(3):337-45

(1986)

 

167) Pehr K, Moroz B - " Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita:

long-term follow-up, review of the literature, and report of a case in

conjunction with congenital hypothyroidism " Pediatr Dermatol 10(1):6-11

(1993)

 

168) Ersoy F, Berkel AI, Sanal O, Oktay H - " Twenty-year follow-up of

160 patients with ataxia-telangiectasia " Turk J Pediatr 33(4):205-15

(1991)

 

169) Cathy Rookard, Director, ACIDD Association for Children and Infants

with Digestive Disorders

 

170) Gillberg IC, Gillberg C, Kopp S - " Hypothyroidism and autism

spectrum disorders. " J Child Psychol Psychiatry 33(3):531-42 (1992)

 

171) Comi AM, Zimmerman AW, Frye VH, Law PA, Peeden JN - " Familial

clustering of autoimmune disorders and evaluation of medical risk

factors in autism. " J Child Neurol 14(6):388-94 (1999)

 

172) McKay, FS - " Progress of the year in the investigation of mottled

enamel with special reference to its association with artesian water " J

Natl Dental Assn 5:721 (1918)

http://64.177.90.157/pfpc/html/mckay_1918.html

 

173) PFPC NEWSLETTER # 9

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