Magnesium and Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Post subject: Magnesium and Carbohydrate Metabolism

 

 

 

Diabetes

 

Magnesium and potassium in diabetes and carbohydrate metabolism. Review of the

present status and recent results.

 

Magnesium (SWITZERLAND) 1984, 3 (4-6) p315-23

http://www.mgwater.com/abstract.shtml#diabetes2

 

Diabetes mellitus is the most common pathological state in which secondary

magnesium deficiency occurs. Magnesium metabolism abnormalities vary according

to the multiple clinical forms of diabetes: plasma magnesium is more often

decreased than red blood cell magnesium. Plasma Mg levels are correlated mainly

with the severity of the diabetic state, glucose disposal and endogenous insulin

secretion. Various mechanisms are involved in the induction of Mg depletion in

diabetes mellitus, i.e. insulin and epinephrine secretion, modifications of the

vitamin D metabolism, decrease of blood P, vitamin B6 and taurine levels,

increase of vitamin B5, C and glutathione turnover, treatment with high levels

of insulin and biguanides.

 

K depletion in diabetes mellitus is well known. Some of its mechanisms are

concomitant to those of Mg depletion. But their hierarchic importance is not the

same: i.e., insulin hyposecretion is more important versus K+ than versus Mg2+.

Insulin increases the cellular

inflow of K+ more than that of Mg2+ because there is more free K+ (87%) than

Mg2+ (30%) in the cell. The consequences of the double Mg-K depletion are either

antagonistic: i.e. versus insulin secretion (increased by K+, decreased by Mg2+)

or agonistic i.e. on the membrane: (i.e. Na+K+ATPase), tolerance of glucose oral

load, renal disturbances. The real importance of these disorders in the diabetic

condition is still poorly understood. Retinopathy and microangiopathy are

correlated with the drop of plasma and red blood cell Mg. K deficiency increases

the noxious cardiorenal effects of Mg deficiency. The treatment should primarily

insure diabetic control.

 

Magnesium and carbohydrate metabolism

 

THERAPIE (France), 1994, 49/1 (1-7)

 

The interrelationships between magnesium and carbohydrate metabolism have

regained considerable interest over the last few years. Insulin secretion

requires magnesium:

magnesium deficiency results in impaired insulin secretion while magnesium

replacement restores insulin secretion.

 

Furthermore, experimental magnesium deficiency reduces the tissues sensitivity

to insulin. Subclinical magnesium deficiency is common in diabetes.

 

It results from both insufficient magnesium intakes and increase magnesium

losses, particularly in the urine. In type 2, or non-insulin-dependent, diabetes

mellitus, magnesium deficiency seems to be associated with insulin resistance.

 

Furthermore, it may participate in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications

and may contribute to the increased risk of sudden death associated with

diabetes.

 

Some studies suggest that magnesium deficiency may play a role in spontaneous

abortion of diabetic women, in fetal malformations and in the pathogenesis of

neonatal

hypocalcemia of the infants of diabetic mothers.

 

Administration of magnesium salts to patients with type 2 diabetes tend to

reduce insulin resistance. Long-term studies are needed before recommending

systematic magnesium supplementation to type 2 diabetic patients with

subclinical magnesium deficiency.

 

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JoAnn Guest

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DietaryTipsForHBP

http://www.geocities.com/mrsjoguest

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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