Subject: Malic Acid for Fibromyalgia

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Malic Acid for Fibromyalgia

Supplement Forms / Alternate Names

• Apple Acid

Proposed Uses

• Fibromyalgia

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--The body synthesizes malic acid during the process of converting

carbohydrates to energy. Extremely preliminary evidence suggests

that individuals with the disease fibromyalgia (a disorder that

involves fatigue and pain in the muscles) might have difficulty

creating or utilizing malic acid. Such a deficiency may interfere

with normal muscle function.

 

Based on this supposition, products containing malic acid and other

nutrients were widely offered for sale to people with fibromyalgia.

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-Sources

The body produces its own malic acid. Many fruits and vegetables

also supply malic acid, most notably apples.

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--Therapeutic Dosages

In studies and commercial products, the usual dose of malic acid for

fibromyalgia is 1,200 to 2,800 mg per day, generally combined with

magnesium and other nutrients.

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-Therapeutic Uses

Malic acid is a major ingredient in combination treatments used for

fibromyalgia.

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--What Is the Scientific Evidence for Malic Acid?

Researchers gave participants a malic acid combination and increased

the dose over a 6-month period.

A significant improvement in fibromyalgia symptoms was found after

the dose reached about 1,600 mg of malic acid with 400 mg of

magnesium.

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Safety Issues

Malic acid appears to be safe at recommended dosages. A few people

reported loose stools at the higher doses in the above studies,

possibly due to the magnesium in the combination.

 

Safety in pregnant or nursing women, children, or individuals with

severe liver or kidney disease has not been established.

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---References

 

1. Abraham GE, Flechas JD. Management of fibromyalgia: rationale for

the use of magnesium and malic acid. J Nutr Med. 1992;3:49–59.

 

2. Russell IJ, Michalek JE, Flechas JD, et al. Treatment of

fibromyalgia syndrome with Super MalicW: a randomized, double blind,

placebo controlled, crossover pilot study. J Rheumatol. 1995;22:953–

958.

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Last reviewed August 2003 by HealthGate CAM Medical Review Board

 

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