The Immune-Enhancing Effects of Dietary Fibres and Prebiotics

October 30, 2003

Medical Abstract Title:

Author:

Schley PD, Field CJ

Source:

Br J Nutr 2002;87(Suppl 2):S221-S230.

Abstract:

The gastrointestinal tract is subjected to enormous and continual

foreign antigenic stimuli from food and microbes. This organ must

integrate complex interactions among diet, external pathogens, and

local immunological and non-immunological processes. It is critical

that protective immune responses are made to potential pathogens,

while hypersensitivity reactions to dietary antigens are minimised.

There is increasing evidence that fermentable dietary fibres and the

newly described prebiotics can modulate various properties of the

immune system, including those of the gut-associated lymphoid

tissues (GALT).

This paper reviews evidence for the immune-enhancing effects of

dietary fibres.

Changes in the intestinal microflora that occur with the consumption

of prebiotic fibres may potentially mediate immune changes via: the

direct contact of lactic acid bacteria or bacterial products (cell

wall or cytoplasmic components) with immune cells in the intestine;

the production of short-chain fatty acids from fibre fermentation;

or by changes in mucin production.

Although further work is needed to better define the changes,

mechanisms for immunomodulation, and the ultimate impact on immune

health, there is convincing preliminary data to suggest that the

consumption of prebiotics can modulate immune parameters in GALT,

secondary lymphoid tissues and peripheral circulation. Future

protocols on the physiological impact of consuming prebiotics should

be designed to include assessments of the gut microflora, gut

physiology and the function and composition of the various regions

of GALT.

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