Guest guest Posted September 27, 2003 Report Share Posted September 27, 2003 Here a a few pub med statements stating evidence of cod liver oil containing vitamin E/tocopherol. I wonder if there is a disparity in assay techniques? http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=6\ 300154 & dopt=Abstract http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=1\ 2509593 & dopt=Abstract http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=1\ 1786649 & dopt=Abstract --- Alobar <alobar wrote: > Actually, John, I just checked the USDA > database at > http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/cgi-bin/nut_search.pl > and the only non > zero entries under vitamins (for a 1 Tbsp quantity > of oil) gives the > following: > > Vitamin A, IU IU 13600.000 > Vitamin A, RAE mcg_RAE 4080.000 > Retinol mcg 4080.000 > Vitamin D IU1 360.000 > > If I change the quantity to 1 cup of oil, > vitamin E still > does not show up. So unless the USDA database is > screwed up, it > looks like there is no apprecable vitamin E in cod > liver oil. > > Alobar > > > > > - > " John Polifronio " <counterpnt > > Saturday, September 27, 2003 12:39 AM > Re: melatonin > NOW Insomnia and > herbs. > > > > I would be surprised if Cod Liver Oil did not > contain a fair amount > of E. A > > and D are mentioned on the bottle, probably > because people are > concerned > > about natural sources of those specific vitamins > the cooler months. > > But the issue is, not whether CLO is a good, > natural source of Vit. > E, but > > whether the quantity of E it contains, which will > probably not be > higher > > than a few milligrams per serving, can be expected > to have the > beneficial > > effects claimed for vastly higher levels of E: > i.e. at least 200mg > to 2000+ > > mg daily. > > jP > > - > > <foxhillers > > > > Friday, September 26, 2003 9:18 PM > > Re: > melatonin NOW Insomnia > and herbs. > > > > > > > In a message dated 9/27/03 12:08:01 AM Eastern > Daylight Time, > > > counterpnt writes: > > > > > > > > > > Cod liver oil is vitamin E. > > > > > > Cod liver oil contains vitamins A and D, but not > vitamin E, > according to > > my > > > bottle's label.... > > > > > > MJH > > The New with improved product search Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted September 27, 2003 Report Share Posted September 27, 2003 It is usual on this list to give website URLs where the info can be found & /or to give extensive quotes. I have no ability to get to the library or to buy books. I am confident I am not the only person with such limitations. Were I university student with access to a good library I could probably look up the books you mention, but I am not. Alobar - " Michael " <michaeltel Saturday, September 27, 2003 3:36 AM Re: melatonin NOW Insomnia and herbs. > --- Alobar <alobar wrote: > > Michael, > > I believe we have had this discussion > > before. Or maybe > > someone else brought it up. While I do not agree > > with your > > conclusions, it would be nice if you gave extensive > > quotes to back up > > your opinions with web URLs where possible so people > > reading this > > could make up their own minds based upon quoted > > texts, research, > > etc.. > > > > Alobar > > > > Hi Alobar- > > Sorry about rehashing an old topic. I just recently > joined. I just posted some sources a bit earlier so > I'll cut and paste for expediency. > > > M > > > DeCava, Judith-- The Real Truth About Vitamins and > Antioxidants 1996 > > Jensen, Bernard, DC --- Empty Harvest 1990 > > Frost, Mary--- Going Back to the Basics of Human > Health 1997 > > Bieler, Henry MD--- Finding the Right Cure For You > 1998 > > Lee, Royal--- " What Is a Vitamin? " Applied Trophology > Aug 1956) > > Wiley, Harvey W., MD--- The History of a Crime Against > the Pure Food Law > > Robbins, John--- Reclaiming Our Health 1996 > > Nelson, Elmer, MD --- Washington Post 26 Oct 49 > > Somer, Elizabeth--- " Vitamin C: A Lesson in Keeping An > Open Mind " The Nutrition Report > > Lancet. 1842 > > Dana, Richard--- Two Years Before the Mast, p 444 ff. > 1840. > > Lind, James--- " A Treatise of the Scurvy in Three > Parts. Containing an inquiry into the Nature, > Causes and Cure of that Disease, together with a > Critical and Chronological View of what has been > published on the subject. " > A. Millar, London, 1753. > > Woodall, A--- Caution with b-carotene supplements > Lancet 347:967, 1996 > > Heinonen O MD--- The effect of vitamin E and beta > carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other > cancers in male smokers " The Alpha Tocopherol Beta > Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group--- > NEJM 14 Apr 1994 330;15:1031 > > Barnett Sure, MD--- Journ Natr 1939 > > University of Florida report--- " Natural vs. > Synthetic " 1981 > > Randolph, Theron MD--- Human Ecology and > Susceptibility to the Chemical Environment 7th ed. > 1980 > > Price, Weston --- Nutrition and Physical Degeneration > Keats Publ. 1997 > > CDC --National Vital Statistics Report > Vol. 47, no.19, June 1999. > > Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted September 27, 2003 Report Share Posted September 27, 2003 Gotcha. I'll try to dig up some quotes. I can't promise too much as I wasn't expecting my posts to be a function of pulling citations. Makes sense. I appreciate you explaining the protocol to me and I'll abide by it in future posting. M --- Alobar <alobar wrote: > It is usual on this list to give website > URLs where the info > can be found & /or to give extensive quotes. I > have no ability to > get to the library or to buy books. I am confident > I am not the > only person with such limitations. Were I > university student with > access to a good library I could probably look up > the books you > mention, but I am not. > > Alobar Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted September 28, 2003 Report Share Posted September 28, 2003 --- Michael <michaeltel wrote: > Here a a few pub med statements stating evidence of > cod liver oil containing vitamin E/tocopherol. I > wonder if there is a disparity in assay techniques? > > http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=6\ 300154 & dopt=Abstract > > http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=1\ 2509593 & dopt=Abstract > > http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=1\ 1786649 & dopt=Abstract > I posted the above links a few days ago but they're dead. So here are the 3 actual abstracts to which the links led. M 1: J Chromatogr. 1983 Jan 28;256(1):93-100. Related Articles, Links High-performance liquid chromatography of fat-soluble vitamins. Simultaneous quantitative analysis of vitamins D2, D3 and E. Study of percentage recoveries of vitamins from cod liver oil. Stancher B, Zonta F. Vitamins D2, D3 and E were resolved and quantified by applying reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography to extracts of cod liver oil. The method, using two reversed-phase C18 columns and a ternary mixture of acetonitrile, methanol and water as the eluent resolved all fat-soluble vitamins well, including the pair D2-D3. The extraction procedure was studied; the recoveries, using two different solvents (hexane and diethyl ether) for extractions were 60.6 +/- 1.0 and 77.1 +/- 1.1, 56.9 +/- 1.2 and 74.8 +/- 0.8, and 14.1 +/- 0.7 and 89.8 +/- 1.4% for vitamins D2, D3 and E, respectively. PMID: 6300154 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] 1: Ann Nutr Metab. 2001;45(6):265-72. Related Articles, Links Fat-soluble vitamins in the maternal diet, influence of cod liver oil supplementation and impact of the maternal diet on human milk composition. Olafsdottir AS, Wagner KH, Thorsdottir I, Elmadfa I. Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali-University Hospital, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland. BACKGROUND/AIMS: To investigate lactating mothers' intake of fat-soluble vitamins in free-living subjects and to what extent cod liver oil supplementation influences the maternal intake in a population with common intake of cod liver oil. The impact of maternal diet on the concentration of fat-soluble vitamins in human milk was studied. METHODS: Dietary intake of 77 lactating women was investigated by 24-hour diet recalls and breast-milk samples were taken at the same occasions. Breast milk samples were analyzed for fat-soluble vitamins. RESULTS: The median intakes were 927 microg/day for vitamin A, 5.5 mg/day for vitamin E and 3.3 microg/day for vitamin D. Maternal vitamin A, E and D intakes were higher when the diet was supplemented with cod liver oil. Icelandic breast milk was found to have high contents of vitamin A and E. Only vitamin D was too low in breast milk to meet the recommended intake for infants. Retinylpalmitate in relation to lipids correlated with maternal vitamin A intake (r = 0.23, p < 0.05). The group with cod liver oil supplementation had significantly lower levels of gamma-tocopherol in breast milk (p < 0.01), whereas the supplementation did not affect other fat-soluble vitamins. CONCLUSION: The recommended intake of fat-soluble vitamins for lactating women can more easily be met with a cod liver oil supplementation than diet alone. Only vitamin D in human milk cannot meet the recommended intakes for infants, with normal breastfeeding. There is a relationship between the content of vitamins A and E in human milk and the maternal diet. Copyright 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel PMID: 11786649 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] 1: Pediatrics. 2003 Jan;111(1):e39-44. Related Articles, Links Maternal supplementation with very-long-chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation augments children's IQ at 4 years of age. Helland IB, Smith L, Saarem K, Saugstad OD, Drevon CA. Institute for Nutrition Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Peter Moller, avd Orkla, ASA, Oslo, Norway. ingrid.helland OBJECTIVES: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6 n-3) and arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4 n-6) are important for development of the central nervous system in mammals. There is a growth spurt in the human brain during the last trimester of pregnancy and the first postnatal months, with a large increase in the cerebral content of AA and DHA. The fetus and the newborn infant depend on maternal supply of DHA and AA. Our hypothesis was that maternal intake of DHA during pregnancy and lactation is marginal and that high intake of this fatty acid would benefit the child. We examined the effect of supplementing pregnant and lactating women with very-long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs; cod liver oil) on mental development of the children, compared with maternal supplementation with long-chain n-6 PUFAs (corn oil). METHODS: The study was randomized and double-blinded. Pregnant women were recruited in week 18 of pregnancy to take 10 mL of cod liver oil or corn oil until 3 months after delivery. The cod liver oil contained 1183 mg/10 mL DHA, 803 mg/10 mL eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3), and a total of 2494 mg/10 mL summation operator n-3 PUFAs. The corn oil contained 4747 mg/10 mL linoleic acid (18:2 n-6) and 92 mg/10 mL alpha-linolenic acid (18:3 n-3). The amount of fat-soluble vitamins was identical in the 2 oils (117 micro g/mL vitamin A, 1 micro g/mL vitamin D, and 1.4 mg/mL dl-alpha-tocopherol). A total of 590 pregnant women were recruited to the study, and 341 mothers took part in the study until giving birth. All infants of these women were scheduled for assessment of cognitive function at 6 and 9 months of age, and 262 complied with the request. As part of the protocol, 135 subjects from this population were invited for intelligence testing with the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) at 4 years of age. Of the 135 invited children, 90 came for assessment. Six children did not complete the examination. The K-ABC is a measure of intelligence and achievement designed for children aged 2.5 years through 12.5 years. This multisubtest battery comprises 4 scales: Sequential Processing, Simultaneous Processing, Achievement (not used in the present study), and Nonverbal Abilities. The Sequential Processing and Simultaneous Processing scales are hypothesized to reflect the child's style of problem solving and information processing. Scores from these 2 scales are combined to form a Mental Processing Composite, which serves as the measure of intelligence in the K-ABC. RESULTS: We received dietary information from 76 infants (41 in the cod liver oil group and 35 in the corn oil group), documenting that all of them were breastfed at 3 months of age. Children who were born to mothers who had taken cod liver oil (n = 48) during pregnancy and lactation scored higher on the Mental Processing Composite of the K-ABC at 4 years of age as compared with children whose mothers had taken corn oil (n = 36; 106.4 [7.4] vs 102.3 [11.3]). The Mental Processing Composite score correlated significantly with head circumference at birth (r = 0.23), but no relation was found with birth weight or gestational length. The children's mental processing scores at 4 years of age correlated significantly with maternal intake of DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid during pregnancy. In a multiple regression model, maternal intake of DHA during pregnancy was the only variable of statistical significance for the children's mental processing scores at 4 years of age. CONCLUSION: Maternal intake of very-long-chain n-3 PUFAs during pregnancy and lactation may be favorable for later mental development of children. Publication Types: Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 12509593 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] The New with improved product search Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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