HERBS: Benefits of Herbs and Plants (REMEDIES)

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An Introduction to Potential Benefits of Herbs and Plants

 

This information is designed to give consumers an introduction to some

of the more well-known benefits of some common herbs and plant products.

The information presented here is intended for educational purposes

only. It is not intended as a substitute for the treatment, cure,

diagnosis or mitigation of a disease or condition. Persons with

potentially serious medical conditions should seek professional care.

 

 

Aloe Vera (Aloe ferox, A. barbadensis). Internally, concentrate Aloe

ferox resin is used as a strong laxative. Externally, the clear gel from

the A. barbadensis leaf, is used to treat burns, abrasions, skin

injuries, and in cosmetic products. A juice made from the gel is used as

a drink by many consumers.

 

Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceous). Used in traditional Chinese and

East Indian medicine for its immune-enhancing and tonic properties.

Research has indicated its usefulness as a supportive tool for a variety

of chronic immune problems.

 

Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus). A European version of blueberry.

Bilberry extract is rich in purple/blue pigments having numerous

benefits for the eyes and cardiovascular system. In Europe, bilberry

extract is used as an antioxidant. Also used to help increase

microcirculation by stimulating new capillary formation, strengthening

capillary walls and increasing overall health of the circulatory system.

 

Cascara Sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana). The bark is used as a stimulant

laxative, especially in cases of chronic constipation. The name

" sagrada " refers to " sacred bark " —a name given to it by early Spanish

explorers in the Pacific Northwest. As an approved, safe and effective

laxative, cascara and cascara extracts are found in numerous over-the

counter laxative preparations in the U.S.

 

Capsicum (Cayenne, hot pepper) (Capsicum species). Internally, cayenne

acts as a circulatory stimulant, induces preparation, and is used to

stimulate digestion. Several over-the-counter products for external use

in arthritic and rheumatoid conditions contain capsaicin, the hot

principle in the oil of capsicum, as the active pain relieving

ingredient. Topical capsaicin preparations are also used for the relief

of pain associated with herpes zoster ( " shingles " ).

 

Chamomile (German) (Matricaria recutita). Used internally, chamomile

flowers are antispasmodic and used to relieve digextive upset. A popular

remedy for indigestion, flatulence, gastrointestinal spasms, and

inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Often used as a bedtime

beverage, its mild sedative effects have not been adequately

scientifically proven. Externally, chamomile extracts are useful for

inflammation of skin and mucous membranes.

 

Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon). Recent research suggests that

cranberry helps to prevent urinary tract infections caused by E. coli

bacteria, particularly in people with a history of recurrent infections.

Cranberry is an excellent example of how common foods can have health

benefits beyond their nutritional qualities.

 

Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). The young leaves are widely used as

salad greens and in tea as a natural diuretic. The roots are a mild

laxative and promote bile flow and liver function.

 

Dong Quai (also spelled Tang kwei or Danggui) (Angelica sinensis). One

of the most widely used herbs in traditional Chinese medicine, it is

primarily used in herbal formulas as a " female tonic " to treat muscle

cramps and pain associated with difficult menstrual periods. Dong quai

should not be used during pregnancy.

 

Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea and related species). Also called Purple

Coneflower and native to the U.S., this plant was the most widely used

medicinal plant of the Central Plains Indians, being used for a variety

of conditions. The leaf and root are mildly antibacterial, antiviral,

and used for wound healing. German research has confirmed, in numerous

clinical studies, the usefulness of Echinacea purpurea in strengthening

the body's immune system as well as prevention and natural treatment of

colds and flu.

 

Eleuthero (Siberian Ginseng) (Eleutherococcus senticosus). This distant

relative of true ginsengs grows in Siberia, Manchuria, China and

Northern Japan. It has been used by Russian cosmonauts and olympic team

members as a general tonic and to reduce physical and mental stress. In

Germany, Siberian Ginseng is approved as a tonic to invigorate and

fortify the body during fatigue or weakness and to increase work and

concentration as well as an aid in patient rehabilitation.

 

Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis)). Evening primrose oil (EPO) is a

relatively recent entrant in the herbal remedy world, having been

marketed for only about 20 years. Essential fatty acids (EFAs) such as

gamma linolenic acid (GLA) found in EPO are vital components of cellular

structure; a deficinecy of EFAs may be responsible for a host of

conditions and diseases, including cardiovascular ailments, menstrual

irregularities, arthritic inflammation and hyperactivity in children.

The oil, usually available in capsule form, and taken orally, has been

demonstrated to be effective in the symptoms of PMS.

 

Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium). Feverfew has analgesic (pain-relieving)

properties. It has been used as a folk medicine for menstrual cramps

since Greco-Roman times. At least three published clinical studies in

England in the 1980s confirm the efficacy of feverfew leaves for

prevention and moderation of the severity of migraine headaches.

 

Garlic (Allium sativum). Garlic mildly displays a host of benefits: it

is antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, hypotensive (lowers high blood

pressure), and lowers cholesterol and fat in the bloodstream. Garlic is

used in Europe as an approved remedy for cardiovascular conditions,

especially high cholesterol and triglyceride levels associated with risk

of atherosclerosis. It is also generally regarded as a preventive

measure for colds, flu and other infectious diseases.

 

Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Ginger is another great example of how a

plant can be used as a food, spice or medicine. It has been used to

treat nausea, motion sickness and vomiting. Ginger has a long history of

use for all types of digestive upset and can be helpful to increase

appetite.

 

Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba). Standardized extract of ginkgo leaf increases

circulation and has shown antioxidant activity. Hundreds of European

studies have confirmed the use of standardized ginkgo leaf extract for a

wide variety of conditions associated with aging, including memory loss

and poor-circulation. Ginkgo extract is also used clinically in Europe

for tinnitus (ringing in the ears), vertigo, and cold extremities.

 

Asian Ginseng (Panax ginseng). One of the world's most famous herbs.

Ginseng is classed as an " adaptogen, " a relatively recent term coined by

Russian researchers to describe ginseng's general tonic properties.

Adaptogens are herbs that increase the overall resistance to all types

of stress. Other herbal adaptogens include Astragalus, Siberian Ginseng

and Schizandra. Asian Ginseng (Chinese and Korean) is renowned for its

ability to increase energy and endurance.

 

Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis). Goldenseal root has a long history as

a native American herb used by Indians and early settlers for its

antiseptic wound-healing properties. It is also used for its soothing

action on inflamed mucous membranes. A popular remedy for colds and flu.

 

Hawthorn (Cratagus oxyacantha). Hawthorn has a long reputation in both

folk medicine and clinical medicine as a heart tonic. In Europe,

hawthorn berry preparations are widely used by physicians in heart

conditions, such as mild forms of angina. Hawthorn is safe to use for

extended periods of time, according to European studies.

 

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra and G. uralensis). Licorice is one of the

most widely used medicinal plants in the world, commonly used in

European, Arabian and Asian traditional medicine systems. It is soothing

to inflamed mucous membranes; often recommended in treatment of gastric

and duodenal ulcers and cough and asthma rememdies. Licorice extract

displays a stimulating action on adrenal glands and is thus useful in

fatigue due to adrenal exhaustion. Licorice and its extracts are safe

for normal use in moderate amounts. However, long-term use or ingestion

of excessive amounts can produce headache, lethargy, sodium and water

retention, excessive loss of potassium, and high blood pressure.

 

Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum). Milk Thistle has a long history of use

in European folk medicine as a liver tonic. Silymarin from milk thistle

has shown a protective effect against many types of chemical toxins, as

well as alcohol. An extract of milk thistle is used to improve liver

function, protect against liver damage and enhance regeneration of

damaged liver cells. clinical studies have confirmed the usefulness of

standardized milk thistle extracts in cases of cirrhosis, toxic liver

and other chronic liver conditions.

 

Passion Flower (Passiflora incarnata). Contrary to the implications of

its name, passion flower is not a stimulant, nor does it incite passion;

instead, it has mild sedative and calmative properties. Taken

internally, passion flower is usually combined with other sedative herbs

for various types of nervous conditions, including insomnia and related

disorders.

 

Peppermint (Mentha piperita). Internally, peppermint has an

antispasmodic action, with a calming effect on the stomach and

intestinal tract. As a tea, extract, or in a capsule, peppermint is

useful for indigestion, cramp-like discomfort of the upper

gastrointestinal and bile duct, irritable bowel syndrome and

inflammation or irritation of the gums.

 

Psyllium (Plantago ovata and P. Major). Psyllium is a major source of

fiber. The primary use of psyllium seed and/or psyllium seed husks is as

a bulk laxative, especially for cases of chronic constipation. The tiny

seeds contain a coating of gelatinous material, which swells upon

contact with moisture. This increases the movement (motility) within the

colon thus producing a bowel movement. Psyllium husk is an approved

over-the-counter laxative.

 

Saw Palmetto (Sabal) (Serenoa repens; Sabal serrulata). Saw palmetto

extract is a popular remedy for enlarged prostate (benign prostatic

hypertrophy—BPH), a condition common in men over 50 years of age. This

should be used only after proper diagnosis by a physician. Clinical

studies indicate that the extract can increase urine flow and reduce

frequency of nighttime urination.

 

Senna (Cassia senna). Both senna leaves and pods (fruits) were used in

ancient Arab medine as safe and effective laxatives. Today, senna is

recognized as one of the most popular and reliable stimulant laxatives.

Use of senna is generally regarded as safe. However, as with all

stimulant laxatives, long-term dependence may develop. Short-term use

only is recommended.

 

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis). Valerian is an effective and reliable

sedative and sleep aid. It is effective in conditions of anxiety,

insomnia and nervous irritability. Unlike prescription or OTC sleep and

anxiety medication, it is not habit-forming, nor does it produce a

hang-over-like side effect.

 

Vitex (Chaste Tree) (Vitex agnus-castus). The small fruits of this

Mediterranean tree have been used for menstrual disorders by women since

Greco-Roman times. Extract of vitex is a plant preparation which adjusts

the monthly menstruation cycle on a natural basis and causes

premenstrual discomforts to subside or completely disappear. An extract

of vitex is approved in Germany for menstrual disorders, PMS and painful

breasts.

 

Witch Hazel (Hamamelis virginiana). The astringency of the leaves and

bark makes witch hazel a popular ingredient for various skin conditions

as well as for bruises and varicose veins. It is approved for use in

hemorrhoid products.