SUPPLEMENTS THAT SUPPORT CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH

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DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS THAT SUPPORT CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH: A REVIEW OF POTENTIAL

BENEFITS

By Jane Ramberg, MS and Tom Gardiner, PhD

 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION

 

Heart disease should be a concern for virtually everyone. Why? Because it is the

number one killer throughout the entire developed world.1 It is also the number

one killer of American adults, accounting for more than 40% of all deaths and

costing over $286 billion in health care costs and lost productivity.2 Today,

about 61 million Americans (about 25% of the total adult population) are living

with cardiovascular disease.3 If it were eliminated, life expectancy would

increase by almost 10 years.4 Let's take a look at heart-health risk data that

has been collected for Americans with the assumption that generally similar

statistics exist in other developed countries.

 

Who is at risk? The elderly, people who eat a poor diet, the obese, alcoholics,

diabetics, sedentary individuals, smokers, and illicit drug users are at

particular risk; after menopause, the risk for women increases dramatically.3 ,5

,6 People with diabetes are 2-4 times more likely to have heart disease or

stroke.4 In fact, two-thirds of diabetics die of some form of heart or blood

vessel disease. People who are overweight have a higher risk of cardiovascular

disease and almost 60% of adults are overweight or obese.3 Smokers have twice

the risk for heart attacks; every day, more than 3,000 young people become

habitual smokers.3 Stress is also believed to play a role in heart disease risk,

in part because it contributes to the development of behaviors, such as smoking

and overeating, that contribute to increased risk.6

 

What are the warning signs indicating that a person may be at a higher risk for

heart disease or stroke? High blood pressure and high blood levels of total

cholesterol (e.g., above 200 mg/dL) and LDL cholesterol (above 130 mg/dL), and

low levels of HDL cholesterol (below 40 mg/dL for men and 50 mg/dL for women)

are risk factors.1 More than 50% of adults have total cholesterol levels above

200 mg/dL.2 When high blood pressure is accompanied by obesity, smoking, high

blood cholesterol levels or diabetes, the risk of heart attack or stroke

increases several times.6

 

Although blood level homocysteine was proposed as a risk factor more than 30

years ago and has now been unequivocally validated,5 ,7 ,8 ,9 ,10 ,11 ,12 it

remains largely unrecognized. In fact, homocysteine ranks of equal importance to

hyperlipidemia and smoking and may account for 10% of the attributable risk of

heart disease.1 What is homocysteine? It's an amino acid that can be converted

in the body into glutathione, an important cellular antioxidant. If blood levels

of folic acid, or vitamin B6 or vitamin B12 are depleted, this conversion cannot

occur. Consequently, rising homocysteine levels promote blood clotting,

narrowing of arteries, and toxicity to blood vessel lining cells.1 Individuals

with blood levels of homocysteine over about 15.8 nmol/ml are at significantly

higher risk of developing heart disease. 1

 

What can be done? While some risk factors, such as genetic predisposition,

gender, and age cannot be altered, most can. Even modest changes in one or more

of these factors could have a large public health impact.2 ,3 By quitting

smoking and getting more exercise, individuals can lose weight, reduce their

blood pressure and, probably, their blood cholesterol levels. The American Heart

Association (AHA) also emphasizes that a healthy diet can have a major role in

reducing the risk of heart disease. Diet is known to affect many health

parameters, including body weight, blood pressure, and blood cholesterol and

homocysteine levels.

 

What can people do to improve their diets? First, they should reduce their

caloric intake. Second, they should eat a higher quality diet, avoiding fatty

foods and eating more fruits and vegetables and whole grains. Today, only 18% of

women and 20% of men report eating the recommended 5 servings of fruits and

vegetables each day.3 A heart-healthy diet is also a low-glycemic diet; a

low-glycemic diet has been shown to increase the " good " HDL cholesterol13 and

reduce the risk of heart disease.14 The AHA also recommends limiting salt intake

to less than 6 grams per day and alcohol consumption to one drink per day for

women and two drinks per day for men.15 More information about heart health can

be found at: http://www.americanheart.org.

 

What specific dietary components, taken in conjunction with a healthy diet, can

support heart health? This is a topic of particular interest for those

health-conscious individuals who understand that the best available diets can

often benefit from supplementation. Indeed, a growing body of evidence is

documenting the cardiovascular benefit of micronutrient supplementation.16 It

should come as no surprise that many of the most beneficial nutrients are those

found in foods most commonly lacking in the typical diet: whole grains and fresh

fruits and vegetables. Antioxidant nutrients can be beneficial because they

reduce the risk of atherosclerosis (the formation of fatty deposits in blood

vessels). Other dietary nutrients can help maintain or lower blood pressure,

total blood cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, lipid, and homocysteine levels and

elevate blood HDL cholesterol levels.

 

The benefits of a selection of nutrients known to have heart health benefits are

briefly summarized in the table below. A consolidated benefits review for each

individual nutrient follows for those desiring additional information. This is

not intended to be a complete summary of all heart healthy nutrients. For

example, supplementation with niacin, copper and zinc has been associated with

decreased heart disease risk,1 but these nutrients are beyond the scope of this

review. In addition, to keep this review a reasonable length, the numerous

additional health benefits provided by the nutrients included in this review are

not discussed.

 

When considering the information contained herein regarding the recommended

amounts of specific nutrients, it's important to remember that, by definition, a

dietary supplement is intended to supplement an already healthy diet. Thus, the

amount of supplements taken may be adjusted if foods containing these nutrients

are also consumed. Finally, anyone under the care of a physician for

heart-related issues should share their dietary habits, including their

supplement use, with their physician.

 

 

 

 

 

VITAMIN C

 

 

Synonyms

 

 

 

a.. Commonly known as ascorbate, ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid,

hexuronic acid

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Citrus fruits and juices, broccoli, cabbage, potatoes, cauliflower,

peppers, green leafy vegetables, cantaloupe, strawberries, tomatoes, rose hips,

acerola, camu-camu, carambola fruit.17 ,18

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. May reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease,19 ,20 ,21 ,22 ,23 ,24 ,25

,26 ,27 but not proven to reduce the risk of stroke.28

 

b.. May reduce risk of death from stroke in elderly persons.29

 

c.. May reduce blood pressure.30 ,31 ,32 ,33

 

d.. Supports the normal metabolism of fats.17 ,34

 

e.. Necessary for the control of blood cholesterol and lipids.17 ,35

 

f.. An antioxidant vitamin36 ,37 that prolongs the useful life of vitamins A

and E and protects the polyunsaturated fatty acids17 ,38 and LDL cholesterol35

from oxidation.

 

g.. Necessary for normal red blood cell formation.18

 

h.. Necessary for the formation and maintenance of collagen, a component of

heart tissue.39

 

i.. Necessary for normal healing.40

 

j.. May decrease mortality from health-related causes of death (e.g., not

trauma or accidents).41 ,42 ,43 ,44

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. The current RDA is 60 mg for adult nonsmoking men and women.17

 

b.. The current RDI is 60 mg.45

 

c.. The minimum amount actually believed to be necessary to reduce the risk of

chronic disease is 80-120 mg/day.46 ,47

 

d.. Large intakes of about 1,000 mg are safe.48

 

e.. Very large doses may interfere with anticoagulant therapy.18

 

VITAMIN E

 

 

Synonyms

 

 

 

a.. Natural vitamin E is composed of 8 tocopherols and 8 tocotrienols.17

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Vegetable oils, legumes, some whole grains, nuts, dark green leafy

vegetables, avocado.18 ,49

 

b.. Palm oil, rice bran, and barley are rich sources of tocotrienols.50 ,51

,52

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. An antioxidant vitamin.17 ,25 ,53 ,54 ,55 ,56 ,57

 

b.. Supplementation may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.22 ,58 ,59

,60 ,61 ,62 ,63 ,64

 

c.. Supplementation may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis.18

 

d.. Supplementation reduces blood pressure when combined with other

antioxidant vitamins.65

 

e.. Inhibits cholesterol synthesis.51 ,52 ,66 ,67 ,68 ,69 ,70 ,71 ,72 ,73 ,74

 

f.. Inhibits atherosclerosis in animals50 ,75 and humans.76

 

g.. May reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.66 ,70 ,76 ,77

 

h.. Necessary for normal red blood cell function.17

 

i.. Necessary for normal muscle function.17

 

j.. Supports the synthesis of the antioxidants vitamin C, and coenzyme Q-10.17

 

k.. Protects against symptoms caused by a selenium deficiency.78 ,79

 

l.. Protects against premature aging.18

 

m.. May reduce the risk of mortality from health-related causes.42

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. The current RDA is 14.90 IU for adult males and 11.92 IU for adult

females.17

 

b.. The current RDI is 30 IU.45

 

c.. Daily intakes of about 1,000 mg (i.e., approximately 1,490 IU) are safe.48

 

d.. No toxicity was reported with 500 mg (approximately 745 IU)/day for 3

years.18

 

e.. Occasionally, muscle weakness, fatigue, nausea and diarrhea have been

reported in individuals taking 800 to 3,200 mg/day.80

 

f.. Excess intake is excreted.17

 

g.. While regarded as largely nontoxic, vitamin E can antagonize the action of

vitamin K and enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.18 ,80

 

FOLIC ACID

 

 

Synonyms

 

 

 

a.. Folate, folacin

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Liver, kidney, green leafy vegetables, nuts, citrus fruits, legumes,

soybeans, whole grains, beets, peas, tomatoes, fish, eggs, celery.17 ,18

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. May help normalize blood levels of homocysteine.81

 

b.. May help prevent cardiovascular disease.5 ,7 ,8 ,9 ,11 ,58 ,82 ,83 ,84 ,85

,86 ,87 ,88 ,89 ,90 ,91 ,92 ,93 ,94

 

c.. May protect against coronary artery disease.95

 

d.. May improve function of blood vessels in patients with high blood

homocysteine and/or cholesterol who are at increased risk of atherosclerosis.10

,87 ,96 ,97 ,98

 

e.. Used to treat certain types of anemia.17

 

f.. Necessary for normal carbohydrate and fat metabolism.18

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. Supplement forms may be preferable for heart health: folate

bioavailability is 50% from food and 85% from synthetic supplements.1

 

b.. The current RDA is 200 mcg for adult males and 180 mcg for adult females

(400 mcg if pregnant or 280 mcg if breastfeeding).17

 

c.. Current RDAs may not provide adequate protection against cardiovascular

disease.99

 

d.. The current RDI is 400 mcg.45

 

e.. Normally has no adverse effects.17

 

f.. Daily intakes of about 10,000 mcg are safe.48

 

g.. Symptoms of epileptics taking anti-seizure medications may be aggravated

by taking folic acid to treat megaloblastic anemia.17

 

VITAMIN B6

 

 

Synonyms

 

 

 

a.. Pyridoxine

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Many foods, including fish, meats, kidney, liver, whole grain breads and

cereals, carrots, cabbage, peas, potatoes, milk, eggs, bananas, green beans,

fortified cereals.58

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. Lowers blood homocysteine.86 ,90 ,100

 

b.. Lowers blood pressure in hypertensive individuals.101 ,102

 

c.. Dietary supplementation may help prevent or treat cardiovascular

disease.58 ,91 ,92 ,95 ,103 ,104 ,95 ,92

 

d.. Important for normal carbohydrate and fat metabolism.105

 

e.. Necessary for normal protein synthesis.17

 

f.. May be useful for individuals under stress.34

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. The current RDA is 2.0 mg for adult males and 1.6 mg for adult females.17

 

b.. The current RDI is 2.0 mg.45

 

c.. Levels above current RDA may be necessary to reduce risk of heart

disease.58

 

d.. Consumption of 100 mg or more is associated with toxicity.18

 

e.. Consumption of megadoses (2-6 grams/day for 2-40 months) may cause nervous

system impairment.80

 

VITAMIN B12

 

 

Synonym

 

 

 

a.. Cyanocobalamin

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Fish, meat, liver, dairy products.17

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. May reduce blood levels of homocysteine.86 ,106 ,11 ,107 ,

 

b.. Important for healthy blood cell formation.17

 

c.. May support adaptation to stress.108

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) (21CFR184.1945) for use as a

nutritional supplement.109

 

b.. The current RDA is 2.0 mcg for adult males and females.17

 

c.. The current RDI is 6.0 mcg.45

 

d.. Daily intakes of about 1,000 mcg are safe.48

 

e.. Has no known toxic effects.17

 

MAGNESIUM

 

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Soy flour, nuts, whole grains, molasses, green leafy vegetables, meats,

seafoods, dried fruit, coffee, chocolate.17

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. May help prevent and treat cardiovascular disease.103 ,110

 

b.. May lower the risk of developing atherosclerosis.111

 

c.. May help control high blood pressure.34 ,112 ,113 ,114 ,115

 

d.. May help treat congestive heart failure.116

 

e.. Necessary for normal nerve and muscle function.17

 

f.. May increase muscle strength.117

 

g.. Necessary for normal protein synthesis.17

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. The current RDA is 350 mg for adult males and 280 mg for adult females.17

 

b.. The current RDI is 400 mg.45

 

c.. No significant adverse effects were reported when patients were given oral

daily doses of 600 mg for 6 weeks.112

 

d.. Some magnesium salts may cause diarrhea.118

 

e.. Patients with kidney failure may experience toxicity.49

 

L-ARGININE

 

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Meats, wheat germ, cottage cheese, ricotta, nuts, eggs, milk, granola.49

,119

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. Important in maintaining cardiovascular health.120

 

b.. May help lower blood pressure.121

 

c.. Improves dilation of blood vessels and increases blood flow.122 ,123

 

d.. Improves heart blood vessel function in patients with angina.124

 

e.. Provides symptomatic benefit in peripheral artery disease.125 ,126

 

f.. Inhibits development of atherosclerosis (in animals).127 ,128 ,129

 

g.. May facilitate removal of existing blood vessel cholesterol deposits (in

animals).130

 

h.. May help prevent platelet aggregation in people with high blood

cholesterol.131

 

i.. Important for normal muscle metabolism and disposal of protein metabolic

waste.132

 

j.. Important for transmission of nerve impulses.132

 

k.. Dietary supply is essential following injury or other trauma to improve

healing.133

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. Up to 30 grams/day have been well-tolerated, with nausea and diarrhea

reported infrequently.134

 

b.. No significant adverse effects reported for patients with angina given 9

grams/day for 6 months.124

 

c.. No significant adverse effects in hypercholesterolemic patients given 14

grams/day for 3 months.135

 

GARLIC

 

 

Food Source

 

 

 

a.. Root of Allium sativum

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. Dietary supplementation prevents and reduces atherosclerosis in animals

with high blood cholesterol136 ,137 ,138 ,139 ,140 and in humans.141 ,142

 

b.. Inhibits platelet aggregation (a prelude to blood clot formation).143 ,144

,145 ,146 ,147 ,148 ,149 ,150 ,151 ,152 ,153 ,154 ,155 ,156 ,157 ,158 ,159 ,160

 

c.. May prevent oxidative damage to blood vessel lining cells.161 ,162 ,163

,164 ,165

 

d.. May support aortic blood flow in aging individuals.166

 

e.. May prevent some forms of heart disease and stroke.167 ,168 ,169 ,170 ,171

,172 ,173 ,174 ,175

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. Individuals taking anti-coagulant medications (e.g., warfarin or coumadin)

should consult their physician before consuming large quantities, since it can

inhibit blood clotting.167 ,176

 

GRAPE EXTRACT

 

 

Food Source

 

 

 

a.. Fruit of the common grape (Vitis vinifera)

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. Grape seeds are a preferential source of oligomeric proanthocyanidin

(pycnogenol) complexes (OPCs),177 ,178 which are naturally occurring

antioxidants.17 ,179 ,180

 

b.. Grape seed extract (GSE) is a potent antioxidant.181 ,182

 

c.. Dietary supplementation with GSE increased antioxidant activity in

blood.179

 

d.. OPCs have anti-inflammatory and immune system modulation effects.183 ,184

 

e.. OPCs protect collagen and elastin, proteins found in blood vessels and

muscle.185 ,186

 

f.. OPCs increase venous tone187 and reduce the pain and swelling associated

with varicose veins and other vascular diseases.188 ,189

 

g.. Grape seed OPCs lower blood cholesterol and inhibit the development of

atherosclerosis in animals with high blood cholesterol levels.190 ,191

 

h.. OPCs protect heart muscle from oxidative injury following heart attack (in

animals).192 ,193

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. There have been no known adverse reactions to grape seed extracts and

there are no contraindications for its use.194

 

b.. OPCs have been given orally in doses as high as 300 mg/day for up to 6

months in patient studies, with no adverse effects noted.188 ,189

 

HAWTHORN BERRY EXTRACT

 

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Ripe berries of the hawthorn plant (Crataegus sp)

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. May improve coronary artery blood flow.195

 

b.. Extracts are antioxidants196 ,197 and may protect heart muscle from damage

caused by heart attack.198 ,199

 

c.. Improves performance of the heart in patients with mild congestive heart

failure.200 ,201 ,202 ,203 ,204

 

d.. Flavonoid compounds extracted from the hawthorn plant increase the

performance of animal heart tissue (in vitro).205 ,206

 

e.. Extracts cause dilation of arterial blood vessels,207 which may contribute

to their cardioprotective effect.

 

f.. Lowers blood cholesterol and other lipids and increases excretion of bile

acids and decreases synthesis of cholesterol in the liver.208

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. A dose of 160 to 900 mg of a standardized Hawthorn berry extract

containing 2.2% flavonoids or 18.75% oligomeric procyanidines, given 2-3X per

day has been recommended.194

 

b.. No toxic effects have been reported.209 However, people taking

prescription heart medications or CNS depressants should consult with their

doctor before using hawthorn-containing products.194

 

TAURINE

 

 

Synonyms

 

 

 

a.. 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Red meats, fish, beets, human milk.210

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. Improves the symptoms of congestive heart failure.211 ,212 ,213 ,214 ,215

,216 ,217 ,218 ,219

 

b.. Protects heart muscle from damage due to calcium imbalances.220

 

c.. Prevents against irregular heartbeat resulting from potassium

imbalances.221

 

d.. Increases the strength of heart muscle contractions.222

 

e.. Lowers blood pressure in animals,223 ,224 ,225 ,226 and patients227 ,228

with high blood pressure.

 

f.. Supplementation may reduce blood cholesterol levels.229

 

g.. Supplementation may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis (animal

studies).230 ,231

 

h.. May help control blood clot formation.232 ,233

 

i.. May protect the heart from oxidative injury following heart attack or

angina.234

 

j.. Individuals with high blood pressure, seizure disorders, or heart disease

are at risk for deficiencies.119

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. No significant adverse health effects reported in patients given daily

oral doses of 3-6 grams given for 3-6 weeks.214 ,229 ,219 ,211

 

TRIMETHYLGLYCINE

 

 

Synonyms

 

 

 

a.. Betaine, glycine betaine

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Plant foods, particularly beets.17

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. Lowers blood levels of homocysteine.12 ,90 ,235 ,236 ,237 ,238 ,239

 

b.. May help prevent heart attack, stroke, and thromboembolism.12 ,235 ,236

 

c.. May protect liver from diets high in fat and cholesterol (animal

studies).17 ,49

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. Considered safe when 6-9 grams was given daily for up to 16 years.235

 

ALPHA-LIPOIC ACID

 

 

Synonyms

 

 

 

a.. Thioctic acid

 

b.. A B-complex vitamin.17

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Yeast, liver.17

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. May improve heart function in diabetics.240

 

b.. May protect heart muscle from oxidative stress following angina or heart

attacks.241

 

c.. Provides effective antioxidant support.49 ,242 ,243 ,244 ,245 ,246

 

d.. A treatment for individuals in whom the liver is affected by oxidative

stress. 247

 

e.. May protect brain cells following stroke.248 ,249 ,250 ,251 ,252 ,253

 

f.. May help individuals adapt to and have fewer adverse health effects from

stress.108

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. No significant adverse effects when given orally at a daily dose of 800 mg

for 4 months.240

 

N-ACETYL-L-CYSTEINE

 

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Duck, wheat germ, yogurt, pork, turkey, chicken.119

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. May help prevent damage caused by blood oxidants following ischemic

(restricted blood flow) injury (in animals).254 ,255

 

b.. May inhibit muscle fatigue.256

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. Well tolerated by patients at oral doses of 4-6 grams/day for 30

months.257

 

b.. Should be used with caution by individuals with asthma.118

 

COENZYME Q-10

 

 

Synonyms

 

 

 

a.. Ubiquinone, ubidecarenone

 

Food Sources

 

 

 

a.. Heart, sardines, peanuts, spinach.17

 

Cardiovascular Benefits Summary

 

 

 

a.. Patients with coenzyme Q-10 deficiency and heart disease may show

symptomatic improvement following supplementation.103 ,258

 

b.. May help treat congestive heart failure when used in conjunction with

conventional medications.116 ,258 ,259 ,260 ,261 ,262

 

c.. May protect against symptoms following heart attack.260

 

d.. May protect against symptoms following heart surgery.263 ,264

 

e.. May protect the heart, kidney, lung and spleen against oxidative

damage.265 ,266

 

f.. May be useful for cardiomyopathy (heart muscle disease).103 ,258 ,267 ,268

,269

 

g.. Lowers blood pressure in hypertensive individuals.267 ,270 ,271

 

h.. Lowers blood lipoprotein(a) and glucose and increases HDL cholesterol.272

 

i.. Patients with congestive heart failure are at risk for deficiencies.261

 

j.. Individuals taking statin drugs to treat high blood cholesterol are at

risk for deficiencies.273 ,274 ,275

 

Safety

 

 

 

a.. No serious side effects or drug interactions were noted when oral doses up

to 600 mg/day were given for as long as 6 years.259 ,260 ,267 ,268 ,276

 

b.. Beneficial dosage is typically about 120 mg/day.259 ,261 ,263 ,264 ,269

,270 ,271 ,272 ,276 ,277

 

 

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[Guest guest]

Hi Wayne, thanks, I will read the article more closely.

 

I think a stint is a 'balloon' inserted into the artery to keep it 'open',

known as angioplasty.

 

I did not read all of the article I must confess, but I will not bother now

that you have advised it is filled with flaws.

 

Marianne

 

 

> He allows them to install a stint, ( a tube I think ). Now he can't run

> for a time. Maybe this will allow him to get over the hill without chest

> pains.

>

> I have been knowing this guy about 35 years. He has always exercised and

>

> been health conscious?

>

> What when wrong? Only one thing. He believed the misinformation that

> was provided to him by all the sources that dump out false

> information. Time will tell. I will keep you posted.

>

> Back to the article, I don't have the time to elaborate on all the

> flaws. Maybe someone else will. If not, I will do it later.

>

 

 

 

 

[Guest guest]

Evening Marianne,

 

 

 

> http://www.glycoscience.com/glycoscience/start_frames.wm?FILENAME==R003

>DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS THAT SUPPORT CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH: A REVIEW OF

>POTENTIAL BENEFITS

>By Jane Ramberg, MS and Tom Gardiner, PhD

 

That is an interesting article. However, I think it is a " mainstream

and conventional " article as I see numerous flaws in the article, which

indicates that the people who wrote it are married to big medicine.

 

One of the biggest misconceptions is that exercise prevents heart

disease. Some of the most physically fit and strongest persons that every

lived died with heart attacks before 60 years old.

 

Here is a second person story about a friend of mine. This happened

within the last two weeks.

 

First, he went to the foot doctor because his foot was hurting. The

doc said, " What have you been doing to make the foot hurt " ?

 

My friend replied, I do 24 miles on the bicycle, then 7 miles on the

treadmill. The doc said, that is why your

foot hurts. My friend replied, " NO, I have been doing that a long

time " . So the doc examined his foot and found the tendons too tight. He

had to roll his feet of bottles for 5 weeks to solve the problem.

 

Next.... he runs a number of miles per day. When he gets to a certain

hill, while going up the hill, he has slight chest pains. He goes to the

mainstream docs who do all their test and determine that he needs his heart

patched.

 

He allows them to install a stint, ( a tube I think ). Now he can't run

for a time. Maybe this will allow him to get over the hill without chest

pains.

 

I have been knowing this guy about 35 years. He has always exercised and

been health conscious?

 

What when wrong? Only one thing. He believed the misinformation that

was provided to him by all the sources that dump out false

information. Time will tell. I will keep you posted.

 

Back to the article, I don't have the time to elaborate on all the

flaws. Maybe someone else will. If not, I will do it later.

 

Wayne

[Guest guest]

It is called a STENT. A tube inserted into the artery

 

In a message dated 07/04/2002 3:16:38 PM Pacific Daylight Time,

marianne2406 writes:

 

 

> Hi Wayne, thanks, I will read the article more closely.

>

> I think a stint is a 'balloon' inserted into the artery to keep it 'open',

> known as angioplasty.