Guest guest Posted February 26, 2009 Report Share Posted February 26, 2009 96th INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESS ========================== 1. Astronomers urge Rs 300-cr help to put India on global map 2. Investment in science & technology to double: PM 3. PM inaugurates Indian Science Congress 4. India plans future space missions 5. Isro plans satellite to aid sea fishing 6. DRDO drug for malaria to hit market within two years 7. Arsenic intake a serious menace in WB, B’desh 8. Indian Ocean’s surface temperature can influence monsoon, cause drought 9. Experts find use for nano particles of gold, silver 10. ‘Uranium use must be efficient’ 11. 6,000-year-old species of rice discovered in Meghalaya ------- Astronomers urge Rs 300-cr help to put India on global map http://www.financialexpress.com/news/astronomers-urge-rs-300cr-help-to-put-india-on-global-map/407391/0 ASHOK B SHARMA Posted: 2009-01-06 19:21:23+05:30 ISTUpdated: Jan 06, 2009 at 1921 hrs IST Shillong, Jan 6: Astronomers have urged the government for an assistance of Rs 300 crore (Rs 3000 million) to strengthen India's participation in the global astronomical and space programmes and as well for developing domestic capabilities. India is seeking to join three proposed international initiatives to materialize by 2020, namely Giant Magellan Telescope programme in Hawaii, 30-metre Telescope programme to be set up either in Hawaii of Chile and the European Extremely Large Telescope in Chile. India is also a non-executive member of the global initiative to set up Square Kilometre Array (SKA) to be set up by 2020 either in western Australia or South Africa at an estimated investment of one billion euro. The site of the project will be finalized in 2011 and the basic design of the project will be completed by 2013. The proposed SKA will be designed to detect life force in the universe other than the earth. It will be housed in 1000 km area and have thousands of dishes to collect ‘extra territorial intelligence’. It would have 30 times more capabilities than the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) set up in 30 km area in Khodad in Maharashtra. The Dean of the Pune-based Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA), T Padmanabhan speaking at the 96th Indian Science Congress said, "Study and researches in astronomy and space have gained importance globally. India, which has the ability to compete and participate in the field, should not be left behind. We urge that government an immediate assistance of Rs 300 crore for research in this field over a period of 10 years." Participation in global initiatives was absolutely necessary, he said. Speaking on developing domestic capabilities, Dipankar Bhattacharya of IUCAA said that India had only 2 to 2.34 metre aperture optical telescope, while many countries of the world have 8 to 10 metre aperture optical telescopes. India has 6% share in the 11-metre aperture South African Large Telescope (SALT). With Isreali assistance India would launch Tauvex Telescope project and an indigenous Astrosat project would be launched in a year's time. A 3.6-metre Devasthal Optical Telescope project is planned in the Himalayas. Bhattacharya said India has set up High Altitude Gamma Ray Observatory, HAGAR at Hanle in the Himalaya, which was not comparable to the world's largest, HESS in Nambia. India was participating in the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) in US. Augur Cosmic Ray Observatory which the largest in the world and set in Argentina has partially become operational and there was a global initiative to set up Antartic Neutrino Observatory, he said. Biswajit Paul of the Bangalore-based Raman Research Institute said that India should make space the platform for future researches in astronomy. Yashwant Gupta of the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics (NCRA) said that large facilities cannot be built by a single nation and hence global cooperation was needed. The director of Shah Institute of Nuclear Physics and Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Bikas Sinha said that India successfully participated in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Geneva.------------ Investment in science & technology to double: PM http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/Investment-in-science-technology-to-double-PM/406256/ ASHOK B SHARMAPosted: Jan 03, 2009 at 2011 hrs IST Shillong, Jan 3 : There may not be a full fledged Union Budget in February end as the country is bracing up for a general election within next three months. Yet the Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh reiterated his promise at the 96th Indian Science Congress on Saturday to double the investment in science and technology from one per cent of the national income to 2% of the national income. Earlier at the 94th Indian Science Congress at Chidambaram in Tamil Nadu he had made the same assurance which did not materialise as yet. Reacting to the Prime Minister's proposal the then President, APJ Abdul Kalam said at the same venue that the funds allotted to ministries and departments dealing with science and technology were not properly utilised. However, the present General President of the Indian Science Congress and secretary of science and technology, T Ramasami said that investments into research and development have started assuming an important benchmark for calibrating the national preparedness for meeting the emerging challenges of the global knowledge economies. Significant outlays for research and development from public funds should be justified by way of matching public goods. The percentage share of technology-led manufacturing in our GDP growth should become significant, he said and added ‘we need to review and right-size the science and technology machinery as well.’ According to Ramasami India's R & D base may need to be at least trebled within next five years. Data on S & T output indicators reveal a 8% increase in the number of publications, 20% in citations and 11% in citations per paper and the essential ity of planned interventions for promotion of education and research in areas like mathematics, computer science and social sciences. A recent study has shown that 35 institutions have contributed to about 47% of publications from India during 1996-2006, amongst which 14 are from universities. Comparison of global data on S & T professionals, per million population reveals a grossly mismatched size of India's R & D base. ------------------------------- PM inaugurates Indian Science Congress http://www.financialexpress.com/news/pm-inaugurates-indian-science-congress/406252/0 ASHOK B SHARMA Posted: 2009-01-03 18:59:27+05:30 ISTUpdated: Jan 03, 2009 at 1859 hrs IST Shillong, Jan 3 : Fears of terror strikes could cast a spell and keep off the Nobel Laureates from participating in the 96th Indian Science Congress hosted by the North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU) here in the capital of Megahalaya, a state in the remote part of the country. According to the organisers of the congress, Noble Laureates Steven Chu, Yuan Lee and the climate warrior, Al Gore were contacted for participation. They did not turn up due to "some reasons" known well to the organizers. It has become a tradition with the Science Congress to invite Nobel Laureates. This is the first time that the Science Congress is being hosted in northeastern India. In the last Science Congress of January, 2008, Noble Laureates Paul Nurse, Roger Kornberg, Robert Floyd Curl participated. In the previous year Nobel Laureates, Aaron Ciechanover and Hartmut Michel registered their presence. However adequate security arrangements have been beefed up at the venue of the Science Congress, this year and according to organizers 3000 have registered as participants. The Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh addressing the mediapersons after inaugurating the Science Congress expressed concern over the recent terror strikes in Guwahati and said that insurgent groups had taken refuge in neighbouring Bangladesh and infiltration continued through the porous border. "We will take up the issue of insurgents taking refuge in Bangladesh with the new government. We hope that the new government in Bangladesh would take appropriate measures and see that its soil is not used for terror acts against India." He hoped that some sense would prevail over Pakistan to handover terrorists accused of the recent Mumbai attack for trial. He made clear that "war is no solution" to the problem. Pakistan should listen to the voices of the civilized world and cooperate with India in booking the terrorists. The Union minister for science and technology, Kapil Sibal addressing the Science Congress echoed the same concern and said "terrorists use sophisticated technology to their advantage and in the process spread terror. My response is simple and straightforward. Technology is a tool. It is an instrument, which is value neutral and can be used for good and bad. The answer to the problem lies not in embracing a technology denial regime, but to act in the belief that technology alone can provide answers to those who seek to misuse it." In his inaugural address, the Prime Minister said that Indian Science Congress movement was closely linked to our freedom struggle and our national movement. Our fight for political freedom was also our battle for development and modernization, he said. An institute for stem cell biology and regenerative medicines would be set up in Bangalore. New institutes for researches in Himalayan glaciology, molecular materials, nano science and technology would also be set up. The Union ministry for science and technology would adopt Cancer Research Institute in Chennai, Institute for Advanced Study in Science and Technology in Guwahati and the National Innovation Foundation as grantee institutions. Government would implement the Performance Related Incentive System (PRIS) for scientists as suggested by the Pay Commission.-- India plans future space missions http://www.financialexpress.com/news/india-plans-future-space-missions/406253/ http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/India-plans-future-space-missions/406253/ ASHOK B SHARMAPosted: Jan 03, 2009 at 1903 hrs IST Shillong, Jan 3 : India has planned its future space mission systematically in phases up to the year 2025 with the proposed next unmanned mission to Moon in 2012 to be followed by a similar mission to Mars in 2013 and would sent a man on a space voyage in 2015. The Chairman of Indian Space Organisation (ISRO), G Madhavan Nair speaking at the 96th Indian Science Congress said that the unmanned Chandrayan-I mission sent to moon on October 22, 2008 had generated enormous data for the global scientific community. These data would be reviewed in January 2009. The satellite took images of the moon's surface close to a distance of 4 km and captured 35,000 images. Moon impact probe was conducted in November 14, 2008 and the wealth of data generated through the mission would be reviewed in January, 2009. Though no traces of water, ice or oxygen was found, there were places were traces of iron was detected, he said and added that next mission to moon would pick up more materials and process more data. Nair said finest of the instruments were deployed in taking the imagery, five of which were indigenous and five other sourced from other countries. Peaks of 2 km height was noticed on moon's surface. He admitted that India's moon mission could be successful due to global cooperation. He said that ISRO has worked with a small budget of $ one billion as against NASA's budget of 20 billion. Within a span of four decades ISRO has developed infrastructure for deep space network, payload operations and for processing scientific data. "We will send a second unmanned mission to moon in 2012 followed by a similar mission to Mars in 2013 and sent a man on space voyage in 2015. ISRO has also drafted Indian Space Mission-2025," said Nair and added that in future space tourism would be a reality. According to Nair ISRO with improved technology would aim at reducing the cost of its operations. Resuseable launch vehicles (RLV) would be developed in next 10 to 15 years and also heavy left launcher would be developed ISRO has also developed applications for broadcast, meteorology, communication and for development programmes in the country. ISRO's remote sensing could map agriculture production with near accuracy. It has helped mapping water resourses, forestry and helped in giving early warning for natural disaster management. --- Isro plans satellite to aid sea fishing http://www.financialexpress.com/news/isro-plans-satellite-to-aid-sea-fishing/407891/ ASHOK B SHARMA Posted: 2009-01-08 22:09:06+05:30 ISTUpdated: Jan 08, 2009 at 2209 hrs IST Shillong, Jan 7: The Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) has planned to launch OceanSat-II with a view to help sea fishing. It has also decided to launch a number of satellites in 2009 to help agriculture production. BR Guruprasad of Isro speaking to FE said, “The OceanSat-II will have better capabilities than the OceanSat-I launched in 1999. The OceanSat-II will have two instruments – ocean colour monitor and scatterometre. The ocean colour monitor would detect the colour of the ocean indicated by phytoplankton (marine organisms including fishes). This information will aid in fishing. The scatterometre will study the interaction between ocean and atmosphere, sea surface temperature, wave height and this information will help the weathermen in forecasting the weather.†Guruprasad is here to participate in the 96th Indian Science Congress. The OceanSat-I launched earlier in May 1999 also has an instrument for monitoring ocean colour and a multi-frequency scanning microwave. The OceanSat-I has been giving information for aiding fishing in the sea fishing zones. Isro also has plans to launch Insat-3D for monitoring meteorological data, G-SAT-4 for communication facility with experimental navigation payload, Insat-4D with communication facility with transponders and ResourceSat for remote sensing. All these satellites would be launched with the help of indigenous polar satellite launch vehicles (PSLVs). Satellites for accessing meteorological data and remote sensing will help agriculture as meteorological data are effective tool for weather prediction and crop production and crop production and soil and water conditions can be monitored through remote sensing. Isro had earlier launched remote sensing satellites and remote sensing operations have been able to estimate crop production particularly that of wheat and rice to near accuracy. Guruprasad further disclosed that plans are afoot launch AstroSat for gathering astronomical information and MeghaTropics with French collaboration for tropical atmospheric studies within a year. Also a radar imaging satellite, RiSat would be launch around the same time for remote sensing. -------------------------------- DRDO drug for malaria to hit market within two years http://www.financialexpress.com/news/drdo-drug-for-malaria-to-hit-market-within-two-years/406654/ http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/DRDO-develops-new-drug-for-malaria/406501/ http://in.biz./090104/203/6z9k7.html ASHOK B SHARMA Posted: 2009-01-05 01:07:10+05:30 ISTUpdated: Jan 05, 2009 at 0107 hrs IST Shillong, Jan 4: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has found a solution for to counter the dreadful malaria in the region by developing a drug from the extracts of the wild plant Gommostama. This wild plant is found in the northeast. The DRDO chief controller in R & D in life sciences, W Selvamurthy speaking at the 96th Indian Science Congress on Sunday said: “We have found the extracts from Gommostama effective in developing a drug for malaria. Our experiments on animals are encouraging. We will soon experiment on human beings. The drug is expected to be in the market within two years.†The DRDO laboratories in Gwalior and Tezpur are engaged in developing this medicine. The malaria causing agents have already developed resistance to the existing medicines—chloroquin and artemisin. Hopes are high that the new medicine will solve the problem. Selvamurthy said that DRDO was working on not only territorial security but also internal, environmental and economic security. DRDO has taken the initiative to develop nuclear, biological and chemical technology, bio-diesel from Jatropha, development of halon alternatives, bio-digesters for human waste management, desalination plants and iron removal units for potable drinking water. It has developed seeds for increasing green cover in Ladakh, particularly for growing potato. DRDO undertakes research for protective equipment like HAPQ bag, carbogen systems for traiffic police and hyperbaric oxygen chamber for stroke patients. Cytoscan developed by DRDO is being used for mass screening of rural and tribal women for detection of cervical cancer and Kalam-Raju Stent, country’s first coronary stent, which is being widely used by the cardiologists to dilate constricted arteries. DRDO has developed laproscopic tool for minimally invasive surgery.--------- Arsenic intake a serious menace in WB, B’desh http://www.financialexpress.com/news/arsenic-intake-a-serious-menace-in-wb-bdesh/406664/0 ASHOK B SHARMA Posted: 2009-01-05 01:10:46+05:30 ISTUpdated: Jan 05, 2009 at 0110 hrs IST Shillong, Jan 4: Millions of people in West Bengal and Bangladesh consume toxic arsenic daily not only through potable drinking water, but also by having staple food rice. Some varieties of rice are swift in sucking arsenic from the soil and thereby creating health problems. The apex research body in the country, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) has done little to fight this menace; the admission came from its director-general, Samir K Brahmachari on Sunday. Japanese scientists have brought to light that some varieties of rice assimilate arsenic when the paddy fields are irrigated with groundwater. In some areas of West Bengal and Bangladesh, groundwater contains high levels of arsenic. Arsenic is a carcinogen, which can cause skin cancer. The findings of the Japanese scientists have been published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal. The Japanese scientists have found two plant proteins that primarily transport arsenite from the soil. Both transporter proteins are expressed in the roots. While one protein (Lsi1) is the port of entry for arsenite from soil to the roots, the other protein (Lsi2) controls the flow of arsenite from roots to the stalk and grain. Brahmachari, who is here to participate in the 96th Indian Science Congress said: “We are studying the situation and trying to find out, which non-food crops assimilate arsenic the way the rice does. Once we are able find out such a crop, we can deploy it for cultivation in arsenic affected so that the groundwater can be free from arsenic.†Arsenic-contaminated rice is also found in other parts of the world—in US, China, Australia and Europe. A study done by the University of Cornell found though the US rice contains high level of arsenic, it has been found to be less toxic. The study suggested that the rice varieties should be bred in such a way that they convert the inorganic form of arsenic to its organic variant, which is believed to be far less toxic and excreted more rapidly by a human being. When questioned about the environmental problems caused by the cement industry and coal mining in northeastern, Brahmachari said: “Coal from Assam contains low ash but has high levels of sulphur content. Coal in this region contains 7% to 9% sulphur as against the normal level of 0.7%. The problem is due to high levels of both organic and inorganic sulphur content. We have not yet come out with a solution, but are working on it.†Cement industry and coal mining have contaminated rivers in the northeast. It has adversely affected inland fisheries, the source of livelihood in the region. Brahmachari evaded the issue by saying “We are working to find out a technological solution to the problem.†----- Indian Ocean’s surface temperature can influence monsoon, cause drought http://www.financialexpress.com/news/indian-oceans-surface-temperature-can-influence-monsoon-cause-drought/407041/ ASHOK B SHARMA Posted: 2009-01-06 00:24:32+05:30 ISTUpdated: Jan 06, 2009 at 0024 hrs IST Shillong, Jan 5: What can cause a drought in India? Meteorologists till now were familiar with the warming of the Pacific waters that cause drought. This phenomenon is called El Nino. Recently, the Bangalore-based Indian Institute of Science (IISc) has found that surface temperature anomalies of the Indian Ocean can influence monsoon rains and can even cause drought as was in 2002. PN Vinayachandran of IISc Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences speaking at the 96th Indian Science Congress said, "The temperature distribution in the Indian Ocean, unlike that of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, is characterized by warmer water on the western side and cooler water on the east. This is primarily due to the huge coastal up welling in the system in the western Arabian Sea. During certain years, the equatorial Indian Ocean presents unusually cold surface temperature anomalies in the east and warm anomalies in the west known as Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)." An IOD phenomenon was discovered in 1999. According to Vinayachandran, IOD is seasonally phase-locked and the anomalies appear in the period August-December. Atmospheric convection during IOD years is enhanced over the western equatorial Indian Ocean and suppressed over the eastern side. When winds blow from east to west along the equator, equatorial jets in the Indian Ocean reverse their direction, oceanic thermocline shallows in the east, coastal upwelling strengthens along the coast of Indonesia and biological productivity increases in the eastern side. Being a coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomena, the IOD affects weather and climate of countries bordering the Indian Ocean. Indonesia and Australia face drought while Africa and India receive excess rainfall in IOD years. "The reverse of this phenomena occurred in 2002 which led to the worst drought of the century in India," he said. Similar conditions caused drought in 1972. In 2003, IOD phenomena were seen developing, but it did not develop to the full. Recent occurrence of IOD was in 2006, which gave good rains in the monsoon. Vinayachandran said that more research should be done to know more about the behaviour of the Indian Ocean. -------- Experts find use for nano particles of gold, silver http://www.financialexpress.com/news/biotech-finds-use-for-nano-particles-of-gold-silver/407411/ ASHOK B SHARMA Posted: 2009-01-07 22:34:35+05:30 ISTUpdated: Jan 07, 2009 at 2234 hrs IST Shillong, Jan 6: Precious metals like gold and silver are being in used for purposes other than in jewellery. Research has revealed that sub-nanoclusters of these precious metals can be used as capsules to deliver drugs to the target points in the human body and also help in diagnosis of diseases. Another interesting feature of these precious metals is that they do not glitter at all stages. Nano particles of these metals constitute a black powder and gold crystals made out of nano particles are equally black and brittle. But the sub-nanoclusters of these precious metals composed of few atoms show intense emission of blue, red and green light in the visible range. These sub-nanoclusters, namely Gold-25, Gold-8 and Silver-8 have exposed these characteristics, according to T Pradeep, department of chemistry and sophisticated analytical instrument facility,IIT Madras. Presenting the details of the study on gold and silver sub-nanoclusters at the 96th Indian Science Congress on Monday, Pradeep said, “These new materials are now available in gram quantities thanks to our synthetic methods. These sub-nanoclusters can be used as capsules to deliver drugs to the target points in the human body. This would avoid surgery or oral intake of medicines, which may not reach the targeted areas. Such particles are bio-compatible and there would be no adverse consequences.†According to Pradeep as these sub-nanoclusters, being luminous can also help in diagnosis of diseases inside the body------ ‘Uranium use must be efficient’ http://www.financialexpress.com/news/uranium-use-must-be-efficient/409828/ ASHOK B SHARMA Posted: 2009-01-13 22:14:25+05:30 ISTUpdated: Jan 13, 2009 at 2214 hrs IST Shillong, Jan 12: Experts, like the principal scientific advisor to the government, R Chidambaran, are of the view that the costly commodity, uranium, should be efficiently utilised for producing nuclear power. Expressing his views on the issue at the 96 th Indian Science Congress he said, “To produce nuclear power it is essential to adopt 3-stage close cycle reactors which may allow to produce about 50 times more energy from the same amount of uranium than in case of one stage reactors presently being deployed.†He said that the technology not only had the role in reducing the cost or minimising the feedstock but also in mitigating the effects of climate change. Unless climate change is managed properly, it would cause a damaging effect on agriculture, water resources, public health, environment and ecology, he said. The chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission, Anil Kakodkar is optimistic of nearly doubling the availability of nuclear power in the country by 2020. The current target is estimated at 20,000 MW. He envisaged N-power parks comprising six to eight units of 1,000 MW each built over the next 9-10 years. The country's nuclear power programme had hitherto been constrained by limited fuel supplies, but with the signing of the India-US civilian nuclear deal and strategies to enhance domestic uranium supplies, India can well exceed the 2020 target, according to Kakodkar. Country's first fast breeder reactor is under construction and is expected to be commissioned in 2010-11. India is currently negotiating with several foreign vendors for uninterrupted supply of uranium and the right to re-process the spent fuel. India has already developed the recycle capabilities. ------ 6,000-year-old species of rice discovered in Meghalaya http://www.financialexpress.com/news/6-000yearold-species-of-rice-discovered-in-meghalaya/409467/0 ASHOK B SHARMA Posted: 2009-01-12 23:11:04+05:30 ISTUpdated: Jan 12, 2009 at 2311 hrs IST Shillong, Jan 11: Meghalaya Mission for Indigenous Knowledge has found a 6000-year-old traditional species of rice in the Garo hills of the state. This biological diversity is now an important genetic store for rice worldwide. Mira Nair's film - Still, the Children are Here - told exclusively through the voices of the Garos, follows two extended families in the village Sandolpara, as they grapple with survival and change in this native community. Elders say they are poorer today. "Even though we reap the same grain as the grandmothers, we are poorer," they say. In Sandolpara, 6,000-year-old species of rice are still grown. Women are the caretakers of these varieties of rice. They select the right varieties for cultivation and handle processing and storage of rice. Men help in cultivation and manage the fields. "These hardy strains of rice must be protected and should not be contaminated by any hybrids or genetically modified (GM) crops," the document paper of the Meghalaya Mission for Indigenous Knowledge noted. The draft document also pleaded that the government should provide subsidies to farmers for growing these traditional varieties, so that the traditional rice varieties are available to consumers at cheaper rates and can compete with already-subsidised rice from other parts of the country. The vice chancellor of the Shillong-based North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU), Pramod Tandon said, "Our major objective is to conserve and conduct research in traditional knowledge and to improve the socio-economic conditions of the people." He said that the important gene centre located in the campus had not been given due consideration by the Union government, which funds this university. The gene bank contains rich depositories of traditional rice and citrus among other rare plants. He mentioned water lily as a rare species now found only in Meghalaya. Earlier, some species of water lily were found in Siberia, Russia, though the climatic conditions in Meghalaya and Siberia vary to a large extent. "We have taken up the difficult job of micro-propagation of the water lily in a farmer's pond in Smit village," he said. The seeds of the water lily are eaten by the local people. Among other rare plants are Dancing Girl, Holly Tree and Mishmi Getta. Dancing Girl varieties are under the women's empowerment scheme of the department of biotechnology (DBT). "Unplanned urbanisation, mining and quarrying have destroyed the biodiversity and ecology of the region, alleged Tandon. He disclosed that the Mishmi Getta was illegally exported to China for its medicinal value and how the Italians once indulged in biopiracy of the Texas Bacata, the extracts of which are used to cure breast cancer. The Khasiana variety of the Picher plant is grown in nitrogen deficient land in the state. Out of 13,000 orchid varieties, 560 alone are found in north-eastern India. The Guwahati-based North Eastern Development Finance Corporation Ltd has documented the methods of propagation and the use of several aromatic and medicinal plants like Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth), Citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt), Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus Steud Wats), Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides Linn), Sugandhmantri (Homalo,ena aromatica Schott), Agar (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb), Sarpagandha (Rauvolfia serpentine Benth ex Kur), Pipali (Piper longum Linn), Amlakhi (Emblica officinalis Gaertn), Hilikha (Terminalia chebula Retz), Bhomora (terminalia belerica), Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna Wight and Arn). Among other crops of economic importance are Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni-Nemsi, Vanilla planifolia Andrews and Brahmi or Bacopa monnieri (L) Wetts. --------- Get perfect Email ID for your Resume. Get before others grab. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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