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Coffee May Boost Estrogen Levels in Women

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Monday, November 26, 2001 9:27 AM

News Story - Coffee May Boost Estrogen Levels in Women

 

 

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Coffee May Boost Estrogen Levels in Women

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Friday November 23 10:21 AM ET

Coffee May Boost Estrogen Levels in Women

By Suzanne Rostler

 

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Drinking more than two cups of coffee daily

may boost estrogen levels in women and could exacerbate conditions such as

endometriosis and breast pain, study findings suggest.

 

According to the researchers, women who drank the most coffee had higher

levels of estradiol, a naturally occurring form of estrogen, during the early

follicular phase, or days 1 to 5 of the menstrual cycle.

 

``Higher estrogen levels would not be beneficial for women who for example

have endometriosis, breast pain and family histories of breast or ovarian

cancer, especially arising premenopausally,'' the study's lead author, Dr.

Daniel W. Cramer from Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts,

told Reuters Health.

 

``It is my personal advice that such women should be discouraged from

consuming more than two cups of coffee per day,'' Cramer said.

 

The study included nearly 500 women aged 36 to 45 who were not pregnant,

breast-feeding or taking hormones. All women answered questions about their

diets, smoking habits, height and weight. Researchers measured the women's

hormone levels during days 1 to 5 of their menstrual cycle.

 

Women who consumed the most cholesterol and alcohol, and those who

consumed more than one cup of coffee a day had significantly higher levels of

estrogen during the early follicular phase of their menstrual cycle, according

to the report in the October issue of Fertility and Sterility.

 

In fact, caffeine intake from all sources was linked with higher estrogen

levels regardless of age, body mass index (BMI), caloric intake, smoking, and

alcohol and cholesterol intake. Women who consumed at least 500 milligrams of

caffeine daily, the equivalent of four or five cups of coffee, had nearly 70%

more estrogen during the early follicular phase than women consuming no more

than 100 mg of caffeine daily, or less than one cup of coffee.

 

Women aged 40 and older and those who smoked had higher levels of follicle

stimulating hormone (FSH), which reflects the number of eggs remaining in a

woman's ovaries. FSH tends to increase with age, and high levels of the hormone

correspond with fewer eggs. Therefore, the observation that smokers have higher

FSH levels suggests that their ovaries are ``older'' than their chronological

age, Cramer explained.

 

``Our study provides a basis for believing that coffee consumption

increases estradiol levels,'' Cramer said. ``While these effects are modest with

one or two cups, they are more evident at higher levels of consumption.''

 

SOURCE: Fertility and Sterility 2001;76:723-729.

 

 

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