Fwd: Spiritual Glossary - 1

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A:aachaara (achara). Precept, behaviour, rules of good conduct. aachaara-dharma. Good behaviour. aachaarya (acharya). Spiritual teacher, preceptor. aachaaryopaasana. Reverential service. aadhaara (adhara). Basis. aadheya (adheya). Being based, contained. aadhi-kavi (adhi-kavi). First among poets. aadhithya (adithya). Sun. aadhithya-varna (adhithya-varna). Complexion like the sun. aagaami (agami). Action (karma) in which one is now engaged that is bound to affect the future. aahaara (ahara). Food. aakaasha (akasa). Sky, space,

ether. aalaya (alaya). House, dwelling. aanandha (ananda). Supreme bliss, unending joy. aanandha-svaruupa (ananda-swarupa). Embodiment or form of Supreme bliss. aaranyakas. Religious or philosophical texts closely connected with the braahmanas, either composed in the forest or studied there. Aarathi (arathi). Ritual worship in which lights are waved; also called Haarathi. aartha. The distressed, suffering. Aaryan (aryan). (a) Literally noble. (b) Follower of vedhik or spiritual path. © Ancient dwellers of India who composed the Rigvedha; the chief tribe was that of the Bhaarathas. aasana (asana). Sitting posture. aashrama (ashram). (a)

Hermitage; residence for saints and spiritual aspirants; ashram. (b) a stage of life for the braahmana: student, householder, hermit, and renunciate. aashrama-vaasis. Residents of aashrams or hermitages. aasthika (asthika). Believer, God-revering person. aasura (asura). Demon. aasurik (asuric). Demonic. aasuri-sampatthi. Demonic existence, being. Aathma (Atma). The real Self, one's divinity, God, the substance of everything, the unseen basis, the spark of God within. The Aathma is unchanging and immortal; It does not die. Aathma-aanandha (Atma-ananda). Aathmik bliss, bliss of Self-realization. Aathma-dharma (Atma-dharma). Aathmik duty, divine duty. Aathma-dhroha (Atma-droha). Self-tormenting, treason to the higher Self. Aathma-jnaana (Atma-jnana). Self-knowledge. Aathma-jnaani (Atma-jnani). Self-knower. Aathma-linga (Atma-linga). Oval stone that symbolizes the infinite Aathma. Aathma-raama (Atma-rama). Eternal bliss. Aathma-samyama (Atma-samyama). Perfect restraint of all senses; balance and repose. Aathma-shaanthi (Atma-santhi). Individual peace. Aathma-sthithi. The characteristic of the Aathma; stage of permanent awareness of one's divinity. Aathma-svaruupa (Atma-swarupa). Embodiment of the all-pervading divine Self. Aathma-thatthva (Atma-thathwa). True nature of the Aathma,

the Aathmik Principle. Aathma-vidhya (Atma-vidya). Knowledge of supreme reality or Aathma. Aathma-yajna (Atma-yajna). Self-sacrifice. Aathmik (Atmic). Relating to the Aathma. aathreya (athreya). Classical Indian medical knowledge is called aayurvedha (science of health and long life), the two chief traditions being those of Aathreya and Dhanvanthari. Later presented by Charaka in the Charaka samhitha (text stressing diagnosis and prognosis). aayurvedha (ayurveda). Classical Indian medical knowledge; science of health and long life. abhedha (abheda). Integral; non-differentiating. abhimatha. Dearest and most pleasurable. abhisheka. Ablution, besprinkling. abhyaasa (abhyasa). Systematic, steady practice. a-dhambhithva (a-dambhitwa). Absence of vanity; sincerity. a-dharma. Evil. adhi-aathma (adhi-atma). Pertaining to the individual soul, spirit, or manifestation of supreme Brahman. adhi-aathmika (adhi-atmic). Spiritual. adhi-bhauthika. Caused by the five (physical) elements or by the material world. adhi-bhuutha (adhi-butha). Whole perishable creation; spiritual substratum of material objects; everything that has name and form. adhi-dhaiva. Demigod; supreme deity operating in the material realm; tutelary or presiding deity. adhi-dhaivika. Caused by fate, i.e. natural disasters. adhi-yajna. Pertaining to sacrifical or spiritual aspects. a-dhvaitha (a-dwaitha). Nondualism, the Vedhaanthik doctrine that everything is God. a-dhvaithopaasana (a-dwaithopasana). Worship of God as present in everything, spiritual effort to experience unity at all times. adhya. Person receiving an offering, the offeree. adhyaasa (adhyasa). Superimposition. agni. Fire element. aham. I. Aham Brahmasmi. I am Brahman. ahamkaara (ahamkara). Ego, self-love, selfish individuality. ahimsa. Nonviolence. aikya. Oneness with God, union of the individual soul (jeeva) with God. a-jnaana (a-jnana). Ignorance, stupidity. a-jnaani (a-jnani). Ignorant person. a-karma. Non-action, inactivity. a-kartha. Undesigned, no human agent. a-keerthi-karam. Quality that causes disgrace or decline of reputation. akhandaika-rasa. Unbroken uniflow of sweetness. a-kshara. Imperishable, indestructible. a-maanithva. Humility, lack of pride. a-mritha. Divine nectar (literally, no death or immortal). a-mritha-puthra. Son of eternal Divinity. a-mrithathvam (a-mrithathwam). Immortality. a-mrithopadhesha (a-mrithopadesa). Immortality-bestowing or nectarine

teaching. an-aachaara (an-achara). Improper behaviour. an-aadhi (an-aadi). Without beginning. an-aahatha-dhvani (an-aahatha-divani). Unstruck, primeval sound; Om; mystic sound heard by yogis. an-aarya-jushtham. Ignoble nature or behaviour. an-aasakthi. Non-attachment, absence of yearning. an-Aathma (an-Atma). Not Aathma, or not-Self. anantha. Unending, infinite. Name of Vishnu. an-anya-chinthaa. Undivided contemplation (of the Lord). an-eka-bhakthi. Devotion to various things or states. anga. Limb, part. a-nithya. Impermanent, transient. anna. Food. anna-puurna (anna-purna). Bestower of food; goddess; a form of Dhurga (goddess of destruction of evil obstacles). anor-aneeyaan. Subtler than the subtle. anritha. Not true, false. anritha-puthra. Son of falsehood; child of futility. anthah-karana. Inner psycho-somatic fourfold instruments of mind, intellect, memory, and ego. antharyaamin (antharyamin). Inner ruler or Being that guides all creatures. anubhava-jnaana(anubhava-jnana). Self-experience; knowledge from personal experience. anurakthi. Deep attachment to or affection for God. anushaasitha (anusaasitha). Independent master, one who directs. a-nyaaya (a-nyaya). Injustice. a-paraa (a-para). Lower, ordinary. a-paraa-prakrith (a-para-prakthi)i. Lower nature, world. a-parigraha. Non-acceptance of gifts, renunciation. a-paroksha-jnaana (a-paroksha-jnana). Direct spiritual knowledge. a-pourusheya (a-pourushya). Non-personal, superhuman. a-puurna (purna). Not full. Archaka. Worshiper. archiraadhi-maarga (archiradi-marga). Path of Gods, beginning with fire or the Sun's rays, taken by spiritual souls after death. arishadvarg. Six inner enemies of man, viz. lust, anger, greed, delusion, pride, and hate. arjuna. Pure, unsullied, unblemished,

white. artha. Wealth, material object, thing, aim, purpose, desire. artha-arthi. One longing for wealth. a-sahaja. Assumed, unnatural. a-sakthi. Absence of desire, detachment. a-sanga. Non-attachment. a-sath. False, unreal, non-existent, bad. a-shaanthi (a-santhi). Lack of peace; agitated mind; restlesness. ashtaanga-yoga (ashtanga-yoga). Eight-fold discipline of yoga to destroy ignorance and reach the state of communion with Self, as taught by Sage Pathaanjali. ashvattha (aswatta). Banyan tree, impermanent. a-stheya. Non-stealing. asthi. Being, existence; is-ness; synonym

for sath. asthika. Theist, believer in God. asthra (astra). Missile, weapon, sword, bow. a-svargyam (a-swargyam). Quality that destroys the divine in man. attha. Offering, boiled rice. Avathaar (Avatar, Avathar). An incarnation of God, taking a form according to the age in which the incarnation occurs. Special manifestation of God on Earth. Avathaarana Avatharana). Descent of the Godhead on the earth; the process of descent or incarnation. a-vibhaktha. Undivided, non-separate. a-vidhya (a-vidya). Ignorance. a-vyaktha. Unmanifest, imperceptible. a-vyaya. Indestructible, unchanging. B: bala. Strength, vigour, power. Bhaaratha-dhesha (Bharatha-desha). India; region of God-loving people. Bhaaratha-varsha (Bharatha-varsa). Culture of India. Bhaaratheeya (Bharathiya). Indian, dweller in Bhaarath. bhaarya (bharya). Housewife. bhaashya (bhaasya). Commentaries on spiritual texts by great sages. bhaathi. Shines, illumines; chith. Bhaavana (Bhavana). Creative imagination; creator. Bhagavaan (Bhagavan, Bhagawan). Divinity; term of reverential address; Sathya Sai Baba is called Bhagavaan by his devotees. bhajan. Devotional song(s) to God. bhaktha. Devotee of the Lord. bhakthi. Devotion to God. bhakthimaan. A person who is full of devotion. bhakthi-maarga (bhakthi-marga). Path of devotion to God. bhakthi-yoga. Path of love and devotion. bhakthi-yogi. Yogi on the path of devotion. Bharathiya. Indian. bhanopaasana (bhanopasana). Sun worship. Bhavarogavaidya. Incarnation of the Lord. bheda. Separation, division . bhoga. Catering to the senses, eating, enjoyment. bhoga-bhuumi. Pathways of the senses. bhokthrithva. Being an enjoyer or experiencer.

bhrama. Delusion. bhrama-thathwam. Principle of delusion. bhukthi. Nourishment, material enjoyment. bhuumi (bhumi). Earth. bhuutha (bhutha). Element, spirit, monster. Bhuutha-naatha (Bhutha-natha). Lord of the elements. bhuvarloka. Atmosphere. braahmana (brahmin). First of four castes of social order, the priestly or teacher caste; a person belonging to this caste. Also, a section of the Vedhas; a man of wisdom. brahmaanda. Macrocosmos. Brahma-avartha. Region of Brahman. Brahma-bhaava. Absorbed in Brahman. brahma-chaari (brahma-chari).

Student, celibate, first stage of life of a braahmana in the braahmana caste. brahma-charya. Path to knowledge of Brahman; the state of an unmarried religious student. Brahma-jnaana (Brahma-jnana). Knowledge of Brahman. Brahma-jnaani (Brahma-jnani). Knower of Brahman. Brahma-loka. Region of Brahman. Brahman (Brahmam). Impersonal Supreme Being, primal source and ultimate goal of all beings. Thus, It is identical to the Aathma. Brahma-nishtha (Brahma-nishta). Steady contemplation of Brahman. Brahma-praapthi. Attainment of Brahman, i.e. God-realization, self-realization. Brahmarshi. Sage belonging to the caste of braahmanas. Brahma-sakshathkara.

Direct perception of Brahman. Brahma-thatthva (Brahma-thathwa). Formless God, Brahman principle. Brahmathva. State of Brahman. Brahmavadin. One who expounds the Brahman. Brahma-vidhya (Brahma-vidya). Spiritual attainment, knowledge of Brahman. buddhi. Intellect. buddhi-balam. Strength of the intellect. Buddhism. Religion founded by Buddha, which holds that life is full of suffering caused by desire and that the way to end the suffering is to end the birth-death cycle through enlightenment. Buddhist. Follower of Buddhism. buddhi-yoga. Yoga of intelligence. burkha. Veil. C: caste. The four castes of social order are: braahmana (priestly or teacher), kshathriya (warrior, protector), vaishya (trader, merchant, agriculturist), and shuudhra (worker, helper). chaadhana. Fostering, shielding, promoting the welfare of. chaaya. Shade, shadow. chaithanya. Consciousness, intelligence, spirit. chakra. Disk; wheel; a weapon used by Krishna. chala-dhala (chala-dala). Quivering leaf. chandaala. Outcast. Chandhas. Vedhas, Vedhik hymns. Means pleasant, joyous. Also, guide and shield. chandra-loka. Region of the moon principle. charma. Shield, skin; happiness, bliss. chathushthaya. Fourfold. chinmaya. Consisting of pure consciousness. chinmaya-thatthwa. Science of ultra-consciousness, pure intelligence. chith (chit). Consciousness, knowledge, awareness. chith-shakthi (chit-sakthi). Power of universal intelligence or conciousness. chittha. Mind stuff, memory, subconscious mind. chittha-shuddhi. Cleansing of the mind, purity of conscience. D: dhaama. Rope, garland. dhaana (dana). Giving, charity. dhaanava (danava). Demon. dhaanava-maanava (danava-manava). Demonic human. dhaanthin. Self-restrained person, ascetic. dhaarana (dharana). Concentration, fixed attention, one of 8 steps in Pathaanjali's yoga discipline. dhaarmik (dharmic). According to dharma, righteous. dhaatha. Giver, bestower, Earth. dhairya. Courage. dhaiva-amsha (daiva-amsa). Divine part or aspect. dhaivi (daivi). Godly, divine. dhaivi-sampath (daivi-sampath). Divine wealth, divine qualities. dhaivi-sampatthi (daivi-sampathi). Divine attributes, divine nature. dhakshinaayana. Southward path of the sun. dhama (dama). Control of the outer senses. dhanam (danam). Wealth, posessions. dhandha (danda). Stick, rod. dharma. Right action, truth in action, righteousness, morality, virtue, duty, the dictates of God, code of conduct. Dharma defies a simple translation into English. dharma-ashthakas. The eight dharmas or virtuous actions. dharma-dhevatha. Deity of justice. dharma-karma. Act of duty, virtuous action. dharma-kartha. Person in charge of a temple. dharma-kshethra. Abode or field of righteousness. dharma-naraayana (dharma-narayana). Personification of dharma. dharma-pathnee (dharma-pathni). Lawful wife. dharma-purusha. Moral

individual. dharma-rakshana. Protection of dharma. dharma-samsthaapana (dharma-sansthapana). Firm establishment of dharma. dharma-shikshana. Instruction in dharma. dharma-sthaapana (dharma-sthapana). Establishment of dharma. dharma-suuthras (dharma-sutras). Texts consisting of rules on dharma. dharma-svaruupa (dharma-swarupa). Embodiment of dharma, form of dharma. dharmoddharana. The raising of dharma. dharmya-amritham. Dhaarmik way to immortality. dharshan (darshan). Seeing a great person; seeing the form of the Lord and receiving his blessings. dharshana. Any of the six principal systems of ancient Indian

philosophy; insight or vision of truth. dhayaa (daya). Compassion, sympathy. dhayaamaya (dayamaya). Full of compassion. dhee. Intelligence. dheekshaa (deeksha). Dedication, initiation, consecration. dheera. Steadfast, courageous, wise person. dheha (deha). Body. dhehaathma (dehaatma). Body consciousness; exterior "I". dheha-bhraanthi (deha-bhranthi). Mistaken identification of self with the body, body-delusion. dheha-sthithi (deha-stithi). Body-awareness, addiction to the body. dheha-thatthva (deha-thatwa). Body principles. dhehi (dehi). One who has a body; conscious

embodied Self. dhesha (desa). Region, space, country. dheva (deva). Deity, celestial being. dhevaamsha-sambhuuthas. People who represent a divine aspect; partial incarnations of divinity. Dhevathaathma (Devathatma). Having a divine soul. dheva-yaana (deva-yana). Path of light or of the gods, taken by virtuous people after death. dhivyathvam (divyatwam). Divine nature. dhosha. Fault, crime, sin, offense, evil. dhrashta (drashta). See-er; visionary. dhrashtum (drashtum). Visualizing. dhravya (dravya). Material, matter, thing. dhravya-yajna (dravya-yajna). Ritual sacrifice

involving material objects. dhrik (drik). Vision, seer or perception. dhrishya (drishya). That which is perceived by the senses. dhukha (dukha). Grief, sorrow, misery, pain. dhurbhiksha. Distress, want, dearth, famine. dhuuma (dhuma). Smoke. dhuuma-aadhi-maarga (dhuma-adhi-marga). Smoke-filled path of the Manes; opaque path, as distinguished from the path of light. Dhvaapara-yuga (Dwapara-yuga). Third in the cycle of four ages or yugas. dhvaitha (dwaitha). Dualism; separation of God and the created universe. dhvaithin (dwaithin). Dualist. dhvaithopaasana (dwaithopasana). Path of dualism. dhvandhva-atheetha. Beyond duality or pair of opposites like heat-cold. dhyaana (dhyana). Meditation. dhyaana-yoga (dhyana-yoga). Yoga of meditation. E: ekaantha-vaasam (ekantha-vasam). Dwelling in solitude. eka-bhakthi. One-pointed devotion. Ekadhashi (Ekadasi). Eleventh day of fortnight of lunar month considered sacred for fasting. eshvara-pranidhaana (eswara-pranidhana). Surrender to the Lord. G: Gaayas. Indhra, Vishnu, Soma, and the Ashvins. gandha. Smell, fragrance. ganja. Marijuana. gatha-prajna. Lacking wisdom. gauna-bhakthi. Indirect or secondary devotion (through rituals). gaura. Saffron colour. Geethopaasana (Githopasana). Adoring God as the Master who teaches the Geetha that reveals the way. ghana. Bell. gong. glaani. Decline, weakening. gopee (gopi). Cowherd maiden. gopura. Decorated gate to the temple. gothra. Family, race, lineage. grantha. Scriptual text or book. grihalakshmee (grihalakshmi). Goddess of the home. grihastha. Householder. grihastha-dharma. Dharma of householder. grihinee (grihini). Housewife. gudaakesha (gudakesa). Master of senses; thick-haired (Arjuna). A person who has overcome sloth, sleep, and ignorance. guna. Quality, characteristic. The qualities of satthva, rajas, and thamas are general universal characteristics of all kinds of mental tendencies and actions/ thoughts, which are prompted by specific kinds and mixtures of these three qualities. For example, saatthvik food is health-giving, strength-giving and delightful; raajasik food is spicy, sour, or salty and brings on diseases; and thaamasik food is impure, old, stale, tasteless, or rotten. guru. Preceptor, teacher, guide to spiritual liberation. guru-puthra. Son of guru.

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