Differences between Vedic and classical sanskrit (from Wikipedia)

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Vedic Sanskrit differs from Classical Sanskrit to an extent

comparable to the difference between Homeric Greek and Classical Greek.

Tiwari ([1955] 2005) lists the following principal differences between

the two:

 

Vedic Sanskrit had a voiceless bilabial fricative (/ɸ/, called upadhmÄnÄ«ya) and a voiceless velar fricative (/x/, called jihvÄmÅ«lÄ«ya)—which used to occur when the breath visarga

(अः) appeared before voiceless labial and velar consonants

respectively. Both of them were lost in Classical Sanskrit to give way

to the simple visarga.Vedic Sanskrit had a retroflex lateral approximant (/É­/) (ळ) as well as its aspirated counterpart /É­Ê°/ (ळà¥à¤¹), which were lost in Classical Sanskrit, to be replaced with the corresponding plosives /É–/ (ड) and /ɖʱ/ (ढ). (Varies by region; vedic pronunciations are still in common use in some regions, e.g. southern India, including Maharashtra.)

The pronunciations of syllabic /ɻ̩/ (ऋ), /l̩/

(लृ) and their long counterparts no longer retained their pure

pronunciations, but had started to be pronounced as short and long /É»i/ (रि) and /li/ (लà¥à¤°à¤¿).

 

 

The vowels e (à¤) and o (ओ) were actually realized in Vedic Sanskrit as diphthongs /ai/ and /au/, but they became pure monophthongs /eË/ and /oË/ in Classical Sanskrit.

The vowels ai (à¤) and au (औ) were actually realized in Vedic Sanskrit as hiatus /aËi/ (आइ) and /aËu/ (आउ), but they became diphthongs /ai/ (अइ) and /au/ (अउ) in Classical Sanskrit.

The PrÄtishÄkhyas claim that the dental consonants were articulated from the root of the teeth (dantamÅ«lÄ«ya), but they became pure dentals later. This included the /r/, which later became retroflex.[citation needed]

Vedic Sanskrit had a pitch accent

which could even change the meaning of the words, and was still in use

in Panini's time, as we can infer by his use of devices to indicate its

position. At some latter time, this was replaced by a stress accent

limited to the second to fourth syllables from the end.Vedic Sanskrit often allowed two like vowels to come together without merger during Sandhi.

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The Vedic Language is the mother of Sanskrit. In a sense it is ARSHA or Archaic language

After that PANINI wrote the standard grammar of the language and thus processed it with firm rules.

The language which follows the grammar of PANINI is called Sanskrit.

On 10/12/08, kishore patnaik <kishorepatnaik09 wrote:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vedic Sanskrit differs from Classical Sanskrit to an extent comparable to the difference between Homeric Greek and Classical Greek. Tiwari ([1955] 2005) lists the following principal differences between the two:

 

Vedic Sanskrit had a voiceless bilabial fricative (/ɸ/, called upadhmÄnÄ«ya) and a voiceless velar fricative (/x/, called jihvÄmÅ«lÄ«ya)—which used to occur when the breath visarga (अः) appeared before voiceless labial and velar consonants respectively. Both of them were lost in Classical Sanskrit to give way to the simple visarga. Vedic Sanskrit had a retroflex lateral approximant (/É­/) (ळ) as well as its aspirated counterpart /É­Ê°/ (ळà¥à¤¹), which were lost in Classical Sanskrit, to be replaced with the corresponding plosives /É–/ (ड) and /ɖʱ/ (ढ). (Varies by region; vedic pronunciations are still in common use in some regions, e.g. southern India, including Maharashtra.) The pronunciations of syllabic /ɻ̩/ (ऋ), /lÌ©/ (लृ) and their long counterparts no longer retained their pure pronunciations, but had started to be pronounced as short and long /É»i/ (रि) and /li/ (लà¥à¤°à¤¿).

 

 

The vowels e (à¤) and o (ओ) were actually realized in Vedic Sanskrit as diphthongs /ai/ and /au/, but they became pure monophthongs /eË/ and /oË/ in Classical Sanskrit. The vowels ai (à¤) and au (औ) were actually realized in Vedic Sanskrit as hiatus /aËi/ (आइ) and /aËu/ (आउ), but they became diphthongs /ai/ (अइ) and /au/ (अउ) in Classical Sanskrit. The PrÄtishÄkhyas claim that the dental consonants were articulated from the root of the teeth (dantamÅ«lÄ«ya), but they became pure dentals later. This included the /r/, which later became retroflex.[citation needed] Vedic Sanskrit had a pitch accent which could even change the meaning of the words, and was still in use in Panini's time, as we can infer by his use of devices to indicate its position. At some latter time, this was replaced by a stress accent limited to the second to fourth syllables from the end. Vedic Sanskrit often allowed two like vowels to come together without merger during Sandhi.

 

-- Bhalchandra G. ThatteyShubham BhavatuSvalpasya Yogasya Trayate Mahato Bhayat