Guest guest Report post Posted January 10, 2002 ziliimukha ---------- ziliimukha is known in the MBh. epic as a word for 'arrow' and in kAvya, as both an 'arrow' and 'bee'. Perhaps, having a sharp mouth (ie., a sting) makes the equation, ziliimukha = bee. M. B. Emeneau has a discussion on ziliimukha, ziliipRSTha, s.v. zilaa (343) in his reviews of M. Mayrhofer, KEWA Band I-III, 1956, 1963, 1976, (p. 203-4, Sanskrit studies of M. B. Emeneau, 1988, edited by van Nooten). Emeneau writes, "Incidentally, the use of the compound ziliimukha- as a proper name for the king of hares in a PaJcatantra tale is not unsuitable ('having a pointed snout')." Prof. R. Steiner (9-dec-99) wrote in Indology list " Further: in the "Si.supaalavadha 9.41 (and elsewhere) the word "siliimukha is used in the sense of ``bee" and ``arrow" in a "sle.sa. Therefore, it is perhaps not by chance that in your stanza bees and arrows are mentioned side by side." M. Witzel, Substrate languages in OIA, EJVS, 1999, p. 30 "This is the opportune moment to briefly discuss another northwestern peculiarity, the interchange of k/z in Vedic. This has occasionally been observed, even one hundred years ago in the case of KarkoTa/ZarkoTa, but it has not been put into proper relief (Kuiper 1991: 41,42,44 as Proto-Munda, cf. KEWA III 309, Witzel 1999). The interchange of k and z is not related at all to the well-known Indo-Ir. dvelopment of IE *k > Ved. z, as the present variation occurs only in 'foreign' words. [...] In consequence, Vedic loan words with the interchange of z/k may go back to a phoneme K' with realization close to [k'] or [z] in the Indus language." Have tried an explanation using a well-known legend about serpents yielding jewel stones occuring frequently in sangam tamil texts to explain karkoTa/zarkoTa(ka). CTamil/message/165 Also, maNimat CTamil/message/167 In Tamil, the verb ki_littal has the meanings: 1. to tear, rend split, cut, pull to pieces, rip up lacerate; 2. to split, break vleave, uproot; 3. to scratch, as with claws or thorns; 4. to mark, to line, to indent, to paint; to draw, as a line; (OTL entry). Foll. prof. Witzel, is the change from k- to z- occuring in (dravidian) ki_limukam > ziliimukha (skt.)? mukha is said by linguists to be from drav. mukam. And, mukam is used in many words parallel to ki_limukam/ziliimukha: eg., a) aRi-mukam "introduction" b) tuRai-mukam "harbour" c) pU-mukam/pukumukam "entrance porch in a house, palace", etc. For the *_l* to *l* change in ki_limuka/ziliimukha, compare the related words like phala (skt. for fruit) & tamil pa_lam. Regards, N. Ganesan Some other possible drav. k- to skt. z- word examples: [a] zAkya clan, zaikya (steel) and tamil cEku, eHku 'steel' ----------------------------- -E-/-A- alterations like in cEr/cAl can be seen in between tamil cEku and zAkya (skt.). Pl. see http://listserv.liv.ac.uk/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0010&L=indology&P=R9925 http://listserv.liv.ac.uk/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0009&L=indology&P=R6902 Cross-cousin weddings, usually encountered in Dravidian kinship, is found in Buddha's family. Much like SubhadrA (Krishna's sister)'s marriage to Arjuna. KuntI, Arjuna's mother is SubhadrA's father's sister. Of course the Srivaishnava Alvar poetry, tamil Mahabharatams say many times Krishna is Panadavas' bro-in-law (maittun2an2). A. M. Hocart's article on cross-cousin weddings in Buddha clan in Indian Antiquary, 1923-25: http://pears2.lib.ohio-state.edu/FULLTEXT/JR-ENG/hocbud.htm ziva, zimIdin, zibi --------------------------- 1) ziva (23 Dec 1999) < *kiva < drav. kema(=good/auspicious/red) http://listserv.liv.ac.uk/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind9912&L=indology&P=R11011 2) zimIdin, ziva, zibi (30 Dec 1999) http://listserv.liv.ac.uk/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind9912&L=indology&P=R13503 [c] zItA/sItA 'furrow' CTamil/message/435 Quote Share this post Link to post Share on other sites